Anak Agung Ngurah Subawa

INFEKSI VIRUS RABIES DI ANAK-ANAK

Rabies has been known in ancient Egypt and China since the fifth century. The disease is caused by the Rhabdovirus of the genus Lyssavirus spread from animals or bats to humans by saliva. A five-year-old kid was admitted to Sanglah General Hospital on February 19. 2010 with fever complaints, before admitted to the hospital, since the morning he always stuck out his tongue, bit his lips, drinking a little of water and hard to swallow. From the anamnesis, it is known that the patient has a history of bitten by a dog on February 4. 2010 at the lower eyelid and had received wound treatment and VAR, after a while having the treatment the patient eventually died on February 21. 2010. According to the post-mortem sample of the LCS it is showed a positive PCR result of rabies virus infection.

Comparison of Antihypertensive and Antioxidative Effect of Mahogany (Swietenia Mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) Seed Extract and Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas) Tuber Extract on Rodent Model of Hypertension

Most herbal remedy uses in the society are not supported by sound scientific evidences. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate antihypertensive and antioxidative effect of mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) seeds extract compared to purple sweet potato tuber aqueous extract in hypertensive rats. This study used pre-test and post-test control groups design. Fourty two rats were allocated into 7 groups. The control group was given NaCl for 4 weeks on a daily basis. Treatment groups were given NaCl and also aqueous extracts of mahogany seed with the dose of 100 mg and 200 mg, mahogany seed ethanolic extracts with the dose of 100 mg and 200 mg, and aqueous extracts of purple sweet potato tuber with the dose of 100 mg and 200 mg for 4 weeks. Before the commencement of treatments, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and blood MDA level were examined. Measurements of SBP were also done every 3 days during the treatment period. After 4 weeks of treatment, SOD and MDA level in blood were examined.There are significant decreases in SBP and blood MDA, and significant increases in SOD levels (p< 0.05) in all treatment groups.

Wudani Leaf Extract (Quisqualis indica Linn) as Traditional Medicine to Control the Incidence of Cattle Worm

It has been known that in Indonesia, disease infestations are still major problems for cattle rearing and production. One of those is Fasciolosis due to infection of Fasciola hepatica, which may cause a total loss of 513 million rupiah per year. The disease causes loss of body weight, untreatable liver damage and reproductive constraints.1 Moreover, it has been reported that worm infections have widely spread in Indonesia. Generally, the prevalence of worm infection in Indonesia is very high, particularly in agricultural landscape, near lakes and areal with high temperature and humidity. In Bali, the high prevalence of Fasciola infestation was noted in the Region of Karangasem (18.29%) and it can be related with seasonal change, poor management and sanitation and low level of education of farmers. Meanwhile, the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica infection recorded in abattoir in Samarinda in 2009 was 55.56%.1 Furthermore, Agustina et al. reported that prevalence of Toxocara vitulorum infection in Bali cattle raised in eastern part of Bali is 39.4%, whereas there were no records reported for Indonesia.2 However, survey conducted in 2014 noted that Paramphistomum sp. were found in almost all cattle slaughtered at Pesanggaran and Darmasaba abattoirs in Bali. The high prevalence of worm infection in cattle may be related to farmer ignorance and their lack of knowledge in preventing the diseases, the unaffordable expensive medicines to control the diseases, and the improper use of medicines that lead to disease resistant. Due to particularly problems related to availability and the expensive price of medicines, alternative solution to control the diseases should be found for the benefit of farmers. It has been known that Indonesia has abundance of herbs that has medical properties and, therefore, research work should be encouraged to explore ABSTRACT