André Correia

Quality evaluation of websites with information on childhood dental caries in Portuguese language

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to assess the websites retrievable on an Internet search engine, with childhood dental caries information, available for the Portuguese speaking population, and also evaluate the quality of its information. Methods: The search engine selected was Google®, with key words “Carie” AND “Crianca”. The first 100 search results were assessed. Quality evaluation of the websites was performed by using the Health of the Net Foundation (HON) website. Results: Scientific papers, in .pdf format were the most retrievable URL (n=25), followed by health portals (n=14). Brazilian domains (.BR e .GOV.BR) were the most prevalent (n=73). Portuguese domain (.PT) was present in only 4 websites URL. Concerning the quality evaluation, only 5.3% of the websites retrieved had the HON Accreditation. Conclusion: Although caries is the most common childhood disease, there seems to be a lack of quality on this theme information in Portuguese language, available for these oral health-consumers on the WWW.

A Novel Approach to Preserve the Buccal Wall in Immediate Implant Cases: A Clinical Report

The aim of this article is to present a novel approach to preserve the buccal wall when performing immediate implants. After immediate implant site preparation, the socket is filled with Bio-Oss collagen and trimmed in a cone form to closely adapt to the buccal wall. Then, the implant is placed with low-rotation-speed condensing Bio-Oss collagen buccally. With this technique, the remodeling of buccal wall after immediate implant placement may be reduced.

Effect of connector design on the stress distribution of a cantilever fixed partial denture

Context: The design of a fixed partial denture (FPD) is very important to reduce the stresses generated over the supporting tissues. The connector area needs specific conditions due to biological and esthetic demands, and must be well assessed especially in the posterior regions. Aims: To make a stress analysis of a titanium cantilever fixed partial denture executed with the CAD-CAM system Everest®Kavo, in order to optimize the design of the structure, considering the shape and connector′s area. Materials and Methods: A finite element analysis mesh was constructed after post-processing the CAD-CAM design. This mesh was submitted to 500 N load to assess the stress distribution within the cantilever (molar) connector. To optimize the design of this connector, a simplified model was created and a stress analysis was done with the software Solidworks®, by modifying the connector′s shape and the load. Results: The stress values obtained were of 1.8 GPa, 6.5 times higher than titanium yield tensile strength. The stress analysis in the simplified model revealed lower stresses with an elliptical connector (994 MPa), or a 1 mm fillet (812 MPa). Lower loads suggested lower stresses of 540 MPa (125 N load) and 174 MPa (50 N load). Conclusions: Cantilever titanium connectors with 5.28 mm2 area are insufficient to withstand 500 N loads in a molar size cantilever, but may support normal physiologic loads of 50 N. The connectors should be more elliptical than circular to better withstand vertical loads, and the CAD software should permit the design of fillets in the connector/abutment surface. Future studies should evaluate the size of this fillet.

Oral health behaviors and dental caries in a sample of portuguese militaries

* Corresponding author. Correio eletrónico: luisazevedo.2005@gmail.com (Luís Azevedo). http://doi.org/10.24873/j.rpemd.2018.06.217 1646-2890/© 2017 Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária. Published by SPEMD. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). rev port estomatol med dent cir maxilofac. 2018;59(1) :18-23

Dental Injuries in a Sample of Portuguese Militaries – A Preliminary Research

Introduction Traumatic dental and maxillofacial injuries are very common and appear to affect approximately 20-30% of permanent dentition, with often serious psychological, economic, functional, and esthetic consequences. Militaries are a highest risk group for orofacial trauma, not only because they are constantly engaged in physical activity (which increase the risk of traumatic injuries) but also because they are exposed to many risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of orofacial injuries, militaries knowledge about first-aid procedures following a dental avulsion and the use of mouthguards in a sample of Portuguese militaries. Materials and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted for forces of the Infantry Regiment n°14 of Viseu, Portugal. The study involved 122 members of the armed forces who were asked to complete a questionnaire, which enquired about: the occurrence of dental trauma, the use of mouthguards and militaries knowledge with regard to first-aid management of dental avulsions. Results In our sample, 5.7% reported having experienced a dental trauma. This was further broken down to reveal that 2.5% had experienced an avulsion and 3.3% had a dental fracture. All respondents who reported having suffered dental trauma, reported that this was the only time that they had experienced dental trauma. Within this group, 71.4% visited a dentist, however only one (20%) visited the dentist during the same day that the trauma occurred. In addition, 21.3% mentioned that they had seen a dental trauma in at least one colleague during military trainings/operations. In the case of dental avulsion, the majority (54.9%) did not know how to act. The rate of mouthguards use among militaries was very low (6.4%). The main reason reported for not using a mouthguard was thinking that it is not necessary (53.3%). Besides that, 31.1% did not know what a mouthguard was for. Conclusion Prevention programs and promoting actions with this population are important reflections and should be adopted to reduce the incidence of orofacial trauma and to increase knowledge about this topic.

Volumetric Bone Measurement Around Dental Implants Using 3D Image Superimposition: A Methodological and Clinical Pilot Study

PURPOSE This study describes the development of a methodology for using three-dimensional (3D) image superimposition to measure volumetric changes in bone level around dental implants in comparison with linear measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample was comprised of 46 dental implants of 6-mm length and 4.1-mm diameter placed in the posterior maxilla and posterior mandible in 20 patients. All implants received screw-retained single crowns. Radiographic images were taken using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital periapical radiography after implantation and after 12 and 24 months of functional loading (after crown installation). Tridimensional reconstructions of the bone perimeter closest to the implant were developed, superimposed, and volumetrically measured. Linear measures of bone levels were recorded in periapical radiography images. A multilevel regression model tested volumetric and linear bone loss. RESULTS The mean peri-implant linear bone loss for the first and second years was 0.2 ± 0.4 mm and 0.1 ± 0.2 mm, respectively, and the mean volumetric bone loss for the first and second years was 7.2 ± 6.1 mm³ and 6.4 ± 7.8 mm³, respectively. It was estimated that an increase of 1 mm of linear bone loss was associated with a mean volumetric bone loss of approximately 14 mm³ (P < .001). CONCLUSION The findings showed that linear and volumetric bone loss measures are related. Measuring volumetric bone changes around implants is possible provided that the CBCT images have proper contrast and sharpness, particularly around the implant outline. Improvements in image quality and in the filters for bone tissue detection would be important for this methodology to be made faster and used clinically.

Clinical Performance of CAD/CAM Tooth-Supported Ceramic Restorations: A Systematic Review

Owing to an increased demand for safe and esthetically pleasing dental materials, ceramics have been developed and optimized to rehabilitate anterior and posterior teeth. This evolution in ceramic materials is directly related to the development of sophisticated processing technologies and systems for use in dental medicine, particularly computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology. This study is a systematic review outlining long-term clinical survival rates of single-tooth restorations fabricated with CAD/CAM technology with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. A bibliographic search up to September 2016 was performed using two databases: MEDLINE (PubMed) and Embase. Selected keywords and well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria guided the search of relevant results. All articles were first reviewed by title, then by abstract, and subsequently by a full text reading. Data were assessed and extracted through a standardized form. The pooled results were statistically analyzed, and the overall failure rate was calculated by random effects model. Reported failures were analyzed by CAD/CAM system, type of restoration, restorative material, and luting agent. From a total of 2,916 single-tooth restorations with a mean exposure time of 7.0 years and 351 failures, the failure rate was 2.17% per year, estimated per 100 restoration years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35% to 3.51%). The estimated total survival rate after 5 years was 89.7% (95% CI: 88.1% to 91.1%). The overall survival rate of single-tooth ceramic restorations fabricated with CAD/CAM technology was similar to those conventionally manufactured.

Evaluation of the Periodontal Status of Abutment Teeth in Removable Partial Dentures

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the use of removable partial dentures affects the periodontal status of abutment teeth. An observational cross-sectional study was done on a sample of patients rehabilitated with removable partial dentures (2010 to 2013). At a recall appointment, a clinical examination was done to collect data related to the rehabilitation and periodontal status of the abutment teeth. Of 145 invited patients, 54 attended the requested follow-up appointment (37.2%). Mean patient age was 59.1 years, and the study population was 42.6% male and 57.4% female. The mean follow-up time for the prosthesis was 26 months. Abutment teeth had higher values in all periodontal variables (P < .001). Occlusal clasps had the worst results in relation to clasps with a gingival approach (P < .005). Significant differences were also found in mandibular abutment teeth of Kennedy Class I and II compared to Class III (P < .048). The periodontal status of the abutment teeth of removable partial dentures is affected by these rehabilitations. A recall program for these patients involving removable prosthodontics and periodontology appointments is mandatory.

Risk Assessment of Urban Fire—Method for the Analysis and Management of Existing Buildings

Fire Protection and Safety in Buildings is a delicate matter with recognized importance and ample opportunity for development, particularly regarding the analysis and/or interventions in existing buildings. Fire Protection and Safety in Buildings (FS) is of added importance in older buildings whose building typology followed a lower legislative requirement vis-a-vis the legislative requirements in effect today, thus giving these buildings greater vulnerability. Interventions in such buildings should be based on an assessment of Fire Risk in order to better gauge the degree of safety and identify key shortcomings, so the most appropriate measures can be adopted in order to reduce risk to acceptable levels. Considering the recurrence of casualties resulting from urban fires, the study of Fire Risk of buildings is urgent, especially in older urban centers. The aim is to produce a map detailing risk as well as intervention plans that allow for a better response and mitigation of the effects of urban fires. The CHICHOrRO method—a new approach to urban fire risk assessment—is introduced in this paper. Its application to buildings in the historic district of Porto is also described.