André H. Príncipe

Morphologic and Clinical Effects of Subretinal Injection of Indocyanine Green and Infracyanine Green in Rabbits

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of subretinal injection of indocyanine green (ICG), infracyanine (IfCG), and balanced salt solution (BSS) in rabbits. METHODS Ten (10) animals were subjected to a subretinal injection of 0.05% ICG (279 mOsm), 0.5% IfCG (276 mOsm), and BSS (300 mOsm) used as a control. Animals were examined at 6, 12, and 24 h and 14 days following the surgical procedure by indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiography (FA), and light and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS The subretinal injection of ICG caused damage to all retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) during the entire follow-up. Subretinal injection of IfCG resulted in abnormalities of the photoreceptor outer segments (POSs) during the entire follow-up; however, abnormalities of the photoreceptor inner segments (PISs) and outer nuclear layer (ONL) were observed only 24 h and 14 days after surgery; no RPE damage was observed. FA showed that window defects were more prominent in the subretinal ICG bleb position than the IfCG-related area. BSS caused only abnormalities of the POS layer and no RPE alterations. CONCLUSIONS Subretinal injection of 0.05% ICG results in more significant retinal damage than 0.5% IfCG. In this model, iodine-free IfCG demonstrates a safer profile than a tenfold lower concentration of ICG, which contains iodine in its composition.

Síndrome de Wolfram: relato de caso

Wolfram syndrome consists of the association of diabetes mellitus with optic atrophy. Other common findings are deafness, urinary tract and neurological disorders. It is an autossomic recessive disease, with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. The aim of this case report is to describe a patient who presents all the characteristics of Wolfram syndrome (DIDMOAD syndrome). JFP, African - American, 23 years old, presents with diabetes mellitus and insipidus, optic atrophy, deafness, peripheral polyneuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, neurogenic bladder, urinary tract dilation with recurrent infections, and azoospermia. Clinical examination, retinography, fluorescein angiogram, eletroretinography (ERG) and visual evocated potencial (VEP) revealed no retinal disorders and bilateral optic atrophy. Wolfram syndrome must be remembered in cases of optic atrophy in association with diabetes, urinary disorders, or any of the described alterations.