André Jeanguenat

Novel diamide insecticides: sulfoximines, sulfonimidamides and other new sulfonimidoyl derivatives.

Novel insecticidal anthranilamides with elaborated sulfur-containing groups are described. The synthesis of compounds with functional groups such as sulfoximines and scarcely reported groups such as sulfonimidoyl hydrazides and hydroxylamides, their in vitro and in vivo biological activity as well as their physical properties are reported.

The story of a new insecticidal chemistry class: the diamides.

This paper describes the story of the invention of the diamides, a novel chemical class of insecticides. It starts with the pioneering work by Nihon Nohyaku researchers, who developed a herbicide lead with weak insecticidal activity to flubendiamide, a highly potent lepidoptericide. The journey continues with Nissans isoxazolines and the invention of the anthranilamides by DuPont, culminating in the discovery of the blockbuster chlorantraniliprole and its analogue cyantraniliprole. The next steps are Syngentas sulfoximines and bicyclic anthranilamides, Ishihara Sangyo Kaishas cyclopropylamides, Sumitomos hydrazides, Bayers pyrazoles and tetrazoles, BASFs sulfoximines and more recent contributions from Chinese agrochemical companies and academic institutions. The diamides affect calcium homeostasis by binding to ryanodine receptors and releasing calcium from the intracellular stores. Investigations at Nihon Nohyaku, DuPont and Bayer on the action of the diamides on ryanodine receptors will be briefly reported.

N-Sulfonyl Amino Acid Amides, a Novel Class of Compounds with Fungicidal Activity [1]

Novel types of oomycete fungicides have been designed and prepared. The synthetic approach to these N-sulfonyl amino acid amides is outlined. Bioassays demonstrate their high efficacy against important plant diseases likePhytophthora infestans (tomato and potato late blight) and Plasmopara viticola (grape downy mildew). Structure-activity relationship studies are discussed.

Bicyclic heterocyclic anthranilic diamides as ryanodine receptor modulators with insecticidal activity.

The diamide insecticides act on the ryanodine receptor (RyR). The synthesis of various bicyclic anthranilic derivatives is reported. Their activity against the insect ryanodine receptor (RyR) and their insecticidal activity in the greenhouse is presented, as well as structure activity relationship considerations.

Azine derivatives as a new generation of insect growth regulators

A new generation of insect-growth-regulator insecticides, the azines, are presented. They inhibit the chitin biosynthesis process and are active against lepidopteran pests. Their synthesis and a structure-activity relationship will be discussed.

The Significance of Organosulfur Compounds in Crop Protection: Current Examples from Fungicide Research

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Abstract Approximately 30% of todays agrochemicals contain at least one sulfur atom. This review article highlights the most important reasons for the fundamental role of sulfur functions in crop protection, such as the occurrence of sulfur in agrochemical pharmacophores, the application of sulfur-containing natural products as lead compounds, the role of sulfur in procidal action, fine-tuning of physico-chemical properties and patent breaking as well as the advantage of sulfur-containing heterocycles compared to their nonsulfur ring isosteres. Case studies from three different mode of action classes give proof, how state-of-the-art organosulfur chemistry enables the synthesis and influences the structure-activity relationships of fungicidally active compounds in the classes of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, tubulin polymerization inhibitors and Cellulose synthase inhibitors.

Applications of Parallel Synthesis to Lead Optimization

Parallel synthesis of focused compound libraries for hit confirmation and lead optimization are certainly important drivers for shortening the lead discovery phase in the pharmaceutical and crop protection industries. In this article we show with permission of Roche and Syngenta three real case studies where Polyphor synthesized focused libraries for lead validation and optimization using high-throughput parallel synthesis and purification techniques. The three examples differ significantly in the synthetic strategies which were employed as well as in the chemical complexity of the final products. A multigeneration approach towards insecticidal triazines, the application of a sequential three-component reaction towards insecticidal and fungicidal thiazoles and finally a multistep synthesis approach of advanced building blocks followed by a two-step final derivatization towards novel antiviral N-hydroxy-indolin-2-ones are presented. In all cases 100-200 analogues were synthesized using parallel synthesis in solution followed by purification of the final products by parallel flash or high-throughput (unattended) HPLC (coupled to MS) within four months. Promising biological results were obtained in all three cases.