Andreu Domingo

Marriage Patterns of the Foreign-Born Population in a New Country of Immigration: The Case of Spain.

We use 2001 Spanish census microdata and multivariate logistic regression analysis to explore differences in marriage patterns between the foreign-born population in Spain, a country that has experienced a dramatic increase in international migration rates in the last decade. In particular, we examine separately the prevalence of being in a consensual and in an endogamous union for a selected and representative group of origins. Results show that after controlling for individual and union characteristics, major differences in cohabitation between groups disappear while major differences in endogamy prevail. This suggests that, when appropriate data are available, future research should take into account contextual factors.

A New Immigration Regularization Policy: The Settlement Program in Spain

The topic of regularization of immigrants has occupied a position high on the agenda in Spain and elsewhere. In this paper, we contribute to this particular issue by providing an evaluative case study in Spain using administrative data from the Province of Barcelona from 2005 to 2009, which allows survival analysis, the follow-up of migrants’ trajectories after regularization and the examination of the hazard of lapsing back into irregularity. Our analysis reveals critical differences on the effectiveness of two pathways to earned legalization in Spain as a policy: the 2005 Normalisation and the Settlement Program in full operation since 2006.

Hispano-Americans in Europe: what do we know about their health status and determinants? A scoping review

BackgroundPolicy makers and health practitioners are in need of guidance to respond to the growing geographic mobility of Hispano-American migrants in Europe. Drawing from contributions from epidemiology, social sciences, demography, psychology, psychiatry and economy, this scoping review provides an up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis of studies addressing the health status and determinants of this population. We describe major research gaps and suggest specific avenues of further inquiry.MethodsWe identified systematically papers that addressed the concepts “health” and “Hispano Americans” indexed in five data bases from Jan 1990 to May 2014 with no language restrictions. We screened the 4,464 citations retrieved against exclusion criteria and classified 193 selected references in 12 thematic folders with the aid of the reference management software ENDNOTE X6. After reviewing the full text of all papers we extracted relevant data systematically into a table template to facilitate the synthesising process.ResultsMost studies focused on a particular disease, leaving unexplored the interlinkages between different health conditions and how these relate to legislative, health services, environmental, occupational, and other health determinants. We elucidated some consistent results but there were many heterogeneous findings and several popular beliefs were not fully supported by empirical evidence. Few studies adopted a trans-national perspective and many consisted of cross-sectional descriptions that considered “Hispano-Americans” as a homogeneous category, limiting our analysis. Our results are also constrained by the availability and varying quality of studies reviewed.ConclusionsBurgeoning research has produced some consistent findings but there are huge gaps in knowledge. To prevent unhelpful generalisations we need a more holistic and nuanced understanding of how mobility, ethnicity, income, gender, legislative status, employment status, working conditions, neighbourhood characteristics and social status intersect with demographic variables and policy contexts to influence the health of the diverse Hispano-American populations present in Europe.

Acquisition of Nationality as Migration Policy

Spain is coming to the end of its first wave of mass international migration, with Latin Americans being clearly predominant during this unprecedented period of immigration. During the 2000 s, various incentives and strategies including bilateral labor agreements between Spain and Latin American countries were issued, and represented the government’s strategy to assist and encourage immigration from Latin America, mostly due to the well-established historical ties from Spain’s past as a colonial power in the region as well as its tradition as a country of emigration, particularly to Latin American countries. The range of comprehensive government policies on migration and the existence of a legal framework based on shared cultural traits (such as language and traditions), together with the preferential treatment received under Spanish nationality law (e.g. a reduced 2-year residence requirement to apply for naturalization), have had a measurable effect in the form of growing numbers of immigrants from Latin America. Although the link between demographic and citizenship issues have had very low profiles in the political arena, we argue in this chapter for its importance in shaping the various forms of current international migration, especially with regard to subsequent circular migration and re-migration, in the midst of an economic recession.

Migration, religion and identity: a generational perspective on Sikh immigration to Spain

ABSTRACT Spain is a recent addition to the places of the Sikh diaspora, with 21,000 individuals recorded in 2016 (1% of the Sikh diaspora, but half of the total of Indian immigrants in Spain). This immigrant group shows clear generational components and is marked by expulsion from the political and economic spheres of their homeland, Punjab. Our main objective is to study how generational differences affect the socio-demographic structure, the migration process (reasons, routes, ways and destinations), religious practices and identity issues in the diaspora. We use a qualitative methodology. Primary data were collected in 60 in-depth interviews of Sikhs of diverse socioeconomic profiles and generations, from 25 municipalities of Spain during 2015–2016. We find that all the generations respond to the internal and external boundaries of the community in different ways which shape their views regarding the preservation and reproduction of religious practices and identity in a foreign setting.

Demographic Analysis of Latin American Immigrants in Spain

Preface.- 1: Push and Pull Factors of Latin American Migration: Victoria Prieto Rosas and Antonio Lopez Gay.- 2: Acquisition of Nationality as Migration Policy: Andreu Domingo and Enrique Ortega-Rivera.- 3: Contrasting Patterns of Migration and Settlement: Albert Sabater and Douglas S. Massey.- 4: Entrapped as Domestic Workers? The Effect of Economic Context on Work Opportunities: Daniela Vono de Vilhena and Elena Vidal-Coso.- 5: The Nexus Between Occupational and Residential Segregation: Albert Sabater and Juan Galeano.- 6: A Longitudinal Analysis of Reproductive Behaviour: Alberto del Rey and Rafael Grande.- 7: Living Arrangements, the Crisis and Mothers Participation in the Labour Market: Helga de Valk and Xiana Bueno.- 8: Spain: A New Gravity Centre for Latin American Migration: Joaquin Recano, Marta Roig and Veronica de Miguel.

The Galician Diaspora in the Twenty-First Century: Demographic Renovation as a Response to the Economic Crisis

With the dawn of the twenty-first century and the international immigration boom in Galicia, some considered the century-long Galician diaspora to have reached its end. Nevertheless, the dramatic outbreak of the 2008 economic crisis has reactivated outward migration, now in much more complex forms. The more recent flows of Galician emigration have been fed by return trajectories of previous immigrants, some of whom have become naturalized Spanish citizens, and some of whom are accompanied by Galician-born children and spouses. These flows also include re-immigration to third countries, a process that includes those who returned home during the bonanza period only to find themselves faced with the need to emigrate yet again, as well as a new wave of Galician youth emigration. These patterns of movement take advantage of family networks established during the twentieth-century diaspora and are revitalizing the exterior population with ties to Galicia as well as the geographic extension encompassed by the Galician diaspora. The relative importance of the countries included in this territory has shifted, as has the composition of the populations in flux. In this chapter, we will pay particular attention to analyzing these latest flows and the composition of the population of the Galician expatriate community.

Ureaplasma urealyticum y síndrome pertusoide

Objetivo Ureaplasma urealyticum se asocia a afeccion respiratoria en el recien nacido y prematuro. Sin embargo, pocos estudios abordan esta asociacion en el periodo del lactante o en la primera infancia. Por ello, se ha realiza do una valoracion clinica de los pacientes que presentaban tos pertusoide y aislamiento en el aspirado nasofaringeo de U. urealyticum Metodos Durante un periodo de 11 anos se procesaron 1.063 muestras de aspirado nasofaringeo de 905 ninos con sindrome pertusoide, investigandose la presencia de Bordetella spp., otras bacterias, virus y micoplasmas. Se revisaron las historias clinicas de los pacientes con cultivo positivo a U. urealyticum segun un protocolo preestablecido Resultados U. urealyticum se aislo del aspirado nasofaringeo en 26 pacientes con una mediana de edad de 5 meses (rango: 23 dias-22 meses). La edad gestacional en 9 pacientes fue inferior a las 37 semanas. Todos los pacientes fueron hospitalizados con un cuadro de tos pertusoide, que se asocio a dificultad respiratoria con broncospasmo en 18 ninos (69,2%). Doce pacientes (46,1%) tuvieron fiebre y 15 (57,7%) linfocitosis (media: 8.635l). La radiografia simple de torax estaba alterada en 18 pacientes (69,2%), que presentaron hiperinsuflacion aerea con o sin atelectasias. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron favorablemente. U. urealyticum se asocio a otro microorganismo en 16 pacientes (61,5%): en 9 a bacterias (H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, B. pertussis y M. catarrhalis), en 5 a virus (virus respiratorio sincitial, citomegalovirus, adenovirus y enterovirus) y en 2 muestras a ambos (virus respiratorio sincitial con S. pneumoniae y B. pertussis, respecivamente) Conclusiones No creemos que U. urealyticum pueda ser considerado claramente como agente etiologico en el sindrome pertusoide, ya que en el 61,5% de los pacientes su aislamiento coincidio con otros microorganismos primaria o potencialmente patogenos. Serian necesarios nuevos estudios que permitan establecer la patogenicidad de este microorganismo fuera del periodo neonatal