Andrew L. Stoler

Managing the Challenges of WTO Participation

This 2005 compilation of 45 case studies documents disparate experiences among economies in addressing the challenges of participating in the WTO. It demonstrates that success or failure is strongly influenced by how governments and private sector stakeholders organise themselves at home. The contributors, mainly from developing countries, give examples of participation with lessons for others. They show that when the system is accessed and employed effectively, it can serve the interests of poor and rich countries alike. However, a failure to communicate among interested parties at home often contributes to negative outcomes on the international front. Above all, these case studies demonstrate that the WTO creates a framework within which sovereign decision-making can unleash important opportunities or undermine the potential benefits flowing from a rules-based international environment that promotes open trade.

Trade and Poverty Reduction in the Asia-Pacific Region: Case Studies and Lessons from Low-income Communities

Introduction Overview paper: The economic effects of trade on poverty reduction Euan MacMillan Part I. Transnational Corporations, Trade and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Transnational corporations and the global supply chain Andrew Stoler Case studies: 1. Cambodias textile and garment industry Peter Van Diermen 2. Australias WTO trade policy changes & the future of a Samoan car parts investor Margaret B. Malua 3. The textile and clothing sector in Indonesia Omas Bulan Samosir 4. TNCs and the footwear industry - women in Jakarta Beta Yulianita G. Laksono 5. Pakistan: the arrival and departure of Nike Safdar Sohail 6. Vietnam - Intel and the electronics sector Andrew Stoler and Phan Van Sam Part II. Trade in Agriculture and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Agriculture and trade solutions for rural poverty Lee Ann Jackson Case studies: 7. Food aid: commitments and oversight John Finn 8. Indigenous Nepalese and trade liberalisation Ojha Purushottam 9. Samoan agricultural policy - graduating from LDC status Hamish Smith and Lee Ann Jackson 10. Balis ornamental fishing industry Lydia Napitupulu and Victoria Donaldson 11. The rice sector in West Java Milda Irhamni and Chaikal Nuryakin 12. Chinese agricultural policy - Central and Western Province Shunli Yao Part III. Trade in Services and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Future of trade in services for developing countries Joy Abrenica, Christopher Findlay and Aik Hoe Lim Case studies: 13. ICT services in Uganda Siddhartha Prakash 14. Health services in Malaysia Aik Hoe Lim 15. Trade in services liberalisation in India Ajitava Raychaudhuri and Prabir De 16. Trade, aid and services in Tanzania Amanda Sunassee Lam 17. Telecommunications reform in the Pacific and the case of Vanuatu Chakriya Bowman Part IV. Migration, Labour Mobility and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Migration, labour mobility and poverty reduction Graeme Hugo Case studies: 18. Migrant labour and remittances in Bangladesh Fhamida Khatun 19. Migrant remittances in the state of Kerala, India Saibal Kar 20. Migrant workers and the role of remittances in Indonesia Nur Wiyono and Dwini Handayani 21. Labour mobility and poverty reduction in Tonga Vaimoano Taukolo, Jim Redden and Raelyn Esau Part V. Trade and Poverty Reduction in Small and Vulnerable Economies: Thematic paper: Trade strategies for poverty reduction in SVEs Jim Redden and Ron Duncan Case studies: 22. Lombok pots Heather Baigent 23. Plantations to professors in Grenada Sacha Silva 24. Fisheries subsidies and the western and central Pacific Manleen Dugal 25. Trade and youth unemployment in East Timor Joao Saldanha and Jim Redden 26. Trade reform and poverty reduction in PNG Nolpi Kilwa Future of the Fiji garment industry Biman Chand Prasad, Yenteshwar Ram and Ariel Marr.

Trade and Poverty Reduction in the Asia-Pacific Region: ABBREVIATIONS

Introduction Overview paper: The economic effects of trade on poverty reduction Euan MacMillan Part I. Transnational Corporations, Trade and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Transnational corporations and the global supply chain Andrew Stoler Case studies: 1. Cambodias textile and garment industry Peter Van Diermen 2. Australias WTO trade policy changes & the future of a Samoan car parts investor Margaret B. Malua 3. The textile and clothing sector in Indonesia Omas Bulan Samosir 4. TNCs and the footwear industry - women in Jakarta Beta Yulianita G. Laksono 5. Pakistan: the arrival and departure of Nike Safdar Sohail 6. Vietnam - Intel and the electronics sector Andrew Stoler and Phan Van Sam Part II. Trade in Agriculture and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Agriculture and trade solutions for rural poverty Lee Ann Jackson Case studies: 7. Food aid: commitments and oversight John Finn 8. Indigenous Nepalese and trade liberalisation Ojha Purushottam 9. Samoan agricultural policy - graduating from LDC status Hamish Smith and Lee Ann Jackson 10. Balis ornamental fishing industry Lydia Napitupulu and Victoria Donaldson 11. The rice sector in West Java Milda Irhamni and Chaikal Nuryakin 12. Chinese agricultural policy - Central and Western Province Shunli Yao Part III. Trade in Services and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Future of trade in services for developing countries Joy Abrenica, Christopher Findlay and Aik Hoe Lim Case studies: 13. ICT services in Uganda Siddhartha Prakash 14. Health services in Malaysia Aik Hoe Lim 15. Trade in services liberalisation in India Ajitava Raychaudhuri and Prabir De 16. Trade, aid and services in Tanzania Amanda Sunassee Lam 17. Telecommunications reform in the Pacific and the case of Vanuatu Chakriya Bowman Part IV. Migration, Labour Mobility and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Migration, labour mobility and poverty reduction Graeme Hugo Case studies: 18. Migrant labour and remittances in Bangladesh Fhamida Khatun 19. Migrant remittances in the state of Kerala, India Saibal Kar 20. Migrant workers and the role of remittances in Indonesia Nur Wiyono and Dwini Handayani 21. Labour mobility and poverty reduction in Tonga Vaimoano Taukolo, Jim Redden and Raelyn Esau Part V. Trade and Poverty Reduction in Small and Vulnerable Economies: Thematic paper: Trade strategies for poverty reduction in SVEs Jim Redden and Ron Duncan Case studies: 22. Lombok pots Heather Baigent 23. Plantations to professors in Grenada Sacha Silva 24. Fisheries subsidies and the western and central Pacific Manleen Dugal 25. Trade and youth unemployment in East Timor Joao Saldanha and Jim Redden 26. Trade reform and poverty reduction in PNG Nolpi Kilwa Future of the Fiji garment industry Biman Chand Prasad, Yenteshwar Ram and Ariel Marr.

Trade and Poverty Reduction in the Asia-Pacific Region: Transnational corporations, trade and poverty reduction

Introduction Overview paper: The economic effects of trade on poverty reduction Euan MacMillan Part I. Transnational Corporations, Trade and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Transnational corporations and the global supply chain Andrew Stoler Case studies: 1. Cambodias textile and garment industry Peter Van Diermen 2. Australias WTO trade policy changes & the future of a Samoan car parts investor Margaret B. Malua 3. The textile and clothing sector in Indonesia Omas Bulan Samosir 4. TNCs and the footwear industry - women in Jakarta Beta Yulianita G. Laksono 5. Pakistan: the arrival and departure of Nike Safdar Sohail 6. Vietnam - Intel and the electronics sector Andrew Stoler and Phan Van Sam Part II. Trade in Agriculture and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Agriculture and trade solutions for rural poverty Lee Ann Jackson Case studies: 7. Food aid: commitments and oversight John Finn 8. Indigenous Nepalese and trade liberalisation Ojha Purushottam 9. Samoan agricultural policy - graduating from LDC status Hamish Smith and Lee Ann Jackson 10. Balis ornamental fishing industry Lydia Napitupulu and Victoria Donaldson 11. The rice sector in West Java Milda Irhamni and Chaikal Nuryakin 12. Chinese agricultural policy - Central and Western Province Shunli Yao Part III. Trade in Services and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Future of trade in services for developing countries Joy Abrenica, Christopher Findlay and Aik Hoe Lim Case studies: 13. ICT services in Uganda Siddhartha Prakash 14. Health services in Malaysia Aik Hoe Lim 15. Trade in services liberalisation in India Ajitava Raychaudhuri and Prabir De 16. Trade, aid and services in Tanzania Amanda Sunassee Lam 17. Telecommunications reform in the Pacific and the case of Vanuatu Chakriya Bowman Part IV. Migration, Labour Mobility and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Migration, labour mobility and poverty reduction Graeme Hugo Case studies: 18. Migrant labour and remittances in Bangladesh Fhamida Khatun 19. Migrant remittances in the state of Kerala, India Saibal Kar 20. Migrant workers and the role of remittances in Indonesia Nur Wiyono and Dwini Handayani 21. Labour mobility and poverty reduction in Tonga Vaimoano Taukolo, Jim Redden and Raelyn Esau Part V. Trade and Poverty Reduction in Small and Vulnerable Economies: Thematic paper: Trade strategies for poverty reduction in SVEs Jim Redden and Ron Duncan Case studies: 22. Lombok pots Heather Baigent 23. Plantations to professors in Grenada Sacha Silva 24. Fisheries subsidies and the western and central Pacific Manleen Dugal 25. Trade and youth unemployment in East Timor Joao Saldanha and Jim Redden 26. Trade reform and poverty reduction in PNG Nolpi Kilwa Future of the Fiji garment industry Biman Chand Prasad, Yenteshwar Ram and Ariel Marr.

Trade and Poverty Reduction in the Asia-Pacific Region: CONTRIBUTORS

Introduction Overview paper: The economic effects of trade on poverty reduction Euan MacMillan Part I. Transnational Corporations, Trade and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Transnational corporations and the global supply chain Andrew Stoler Case studies: 1. Cambodias textile and garment industry Peter Van Diermen 2. Australias WTO trade policy changes & the future of a Samoan car parts investor Margaret B. Malua 3. The textile and clothing sector in Indonesia Omas Bulan Samosir 4. TNCs and the footwear industry - women in Jakarta Beta Yulianita G. Laksono 5. Pakistan: the arrival and departure of Nike Safdar Sohail 6. Vietnam - Intel and the electronics sector Andrew Stoler and Phan Van Sam Part II. Trade in Agriculture and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Agriculture and trade solutions for rural poverty Lee Ann Jackson Case studies: 7. Food aid: commitments and oversight John Finn 8. Indigenous Nepalese and trade liberalisation Ojha Purushottam 9. Samoan agricultural policy - graduating from LDC status Hamish Smith and Lee Ann Jackson 10. Balis ornamental fishing industry Lydia Napitupulu and Victoria Donaldson 11. The rice sector in West Java Milda Irhamni and Chaikal Nuryakin 12. Chinese agricultural policy - Central and Western Province Shunli Yao Part III. Trade in Services and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Future of trade in services for developing countries Joy Abrenica, Christopher Findlay and Aik Hoe Lim Case studies: 13. ICT services in Uganda Siddhartha Prakash 14. Health services in Malaysia Aik Hoe Lim 15. Trade in services liberalisation in India Ajitava Raychaudhuri and Prabir De 16. Trade, aid and services in Tanzania Amanda Sunassee Lam 17. Telecommunications reform in the Pacific and the case of Vanuatu Chakriya Bowman Part IV. Migration, Labour Mobility and Poverty Reduction: Thematic paper: Migration, labour mobility and poverty reduction Graeme Hugo Case studies: 18. Migrant labour and remittances in Bangladesh Fhamida Khatun 19. Migrant remittances in the state of Kerala, India Saibal Kar 20. Migrant workers and the role of remittances in Indonesia Nur Wiyono and Dwini Handayani 21. Labour mobility and poverty reduction in Tonga Vaimoano Taukolo, Jim Redden and Raelyn Esau Part V. Trade and Poverty Reduction in Small and Vulnerable Economies: Thematic paper: Trade strategies for poverty reduction in SVEs Jim Redden and Ron Duncan Case studies: 22. Lombok pots Heather Baigent 23. Plantations to professors in Grenada Sacha Silva 24. Fisheries subsidies and the western and central Pacific Manleen Dugal 25. Trade and youth unemployment in East Timor Joao Saldanha and Jim Redden 26. Trade reform and poverty reduction in PNG Nolpi Kilwa Future of the Fiji garment industry Biman Chand Prasad, Yenteshwar Ram and Ariel Marr.

Managing the Challenges of WTO Participation: Contents

This 2005 compilation of 45 case studies documents disparate experiences among economies in addressing the challenges of participating in the WTO. It demonstrates that success or failure is strongly influenced by how governments and private sector stakeholders organise themselves at home. The contributors, mainly from developing countries, give examples of participation with lessons for others. They show that when the system is accessed and employed effectively, it can serve the interests of poor and rich countries alike. However, a failure to communicate among interested parties at home often contributes to negative outcomes on the international front. Above all, these case studies demonstrate that the WTO creates a framework within which sovereign decision-making can unleash important opportunities or undermine the potential benefits flowing from a rules-based international environment that promotes open trade.

Managing the Challenges of WTO Participation: Index

This 2005 compilation of 45 case studies documents disparate experiences among economies in addressing the challenges of participating in the WTO. It demonstrates that success or failure is strongly influenced by how governments and private sector stakeholders organise themselves at home. The contributors, mainly from developing countries, give examples of participation with lessons for others. They show that when the system is accessed and employed effectively, it can serve the interests of poor and rich countries alike. However, a failure to communicate among interested parties at home often contributes to negative outcomes on the international front. Above all, these case studies demonstrate that the WTO creates a framework within which sovereign decision-making can unleash important opportunities or undermine the potential benefits flowing from a rules-based international environment that promotes open trade.

Managing the Challenges of WTO Participation: List of abbreviations

This 2005 compilation of 45 case studies documents disparate experiences among economies in addressing the challenges of participating in the WTO. It demonstrates that success or failure is strongly influenced by how governments and private sector stakeholders organise themselves at home. The contributors, mainly from developing countries, give examples of participation with lessons for others. They show that when the system is accessed and employed effectively, it can serve the interests of poor and rich countries alike. However, a failure to communicate among interested parties at home often contributes to negative outcomes on the international front. Above all, these case studies demonstrate that the WTO creates a framework within which sovereign decision-making can unleash important opportunities or undermine the potential benefits flowing from a rules-based international environment that promotes open trade.

Managing the Challenges of WTO Participation: Acknowledgements

This 2005 compilation of 45 case studies documents disparate experiences among economies in addressing the challenges of participating in the WTO. It demonstrates that success or failure is strongly influenced by how governments and private sector stakeholders organise themselves at home. The contributors, mainly from developing countries, give examples of participation with lessons for others. They show that when the system is accessed and employed effectively, it can serve the interests of poor and rich countries alike. However, a failure to communicate among interested parties at home often contributes to negative outcomes on the international front. Above all, these case studies demonstrate that the WTO creates a framework within which sovereign decision-making can unleash important opportunities or undermine the potential benefits flowing from a rules-based international environment that promotes open trade.