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Dive into the research topics where Andrew Richardson is active.

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Featured researches published by Andrew Richardson.


American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics | 1993

Lower third molar development subsequent to second molar extraction

Margaret E. Richardson; Andrew Richardson

Development and eruption of lower third molars was examined in 63 subjects who were treated by extraction of second molars. Changes in mesiodistal and buccolingual lower third molar angulation were measured on 60 degrees cephalograms taken before extraction and 3 or more years later. The final position of lower third molars was assessed on models at the end of the observation period by using a scoring system. All lower third molars erupted in periods ranging from 3 to 10 years after extraction. Ninety-nine percent of the third molars upright mesiodistally, but few became as upright as the second molars they replaced. Model analysis showed that 96% of the lower third molars erupted in good or acceptable positions.


Annals of Human Biology | 1990

An investigation into the age of cessation of endocranial growth using the techniques of logetronic copying and photosubtraction

Judith Finlay; Andrew Richardson

The classical teaching that endocranial growth is dependent on growth of the brain and thus should cease early in life has been questioned by Richardson and Blair who found marked expansive growth between 5 and 15 years in the occipital region. These authors were unable to comment on the age at which endocranial growth ceases because the changes towards the end of the growth period were of the same order of magnitude as the errors involved in digitizing standard cephalometric radiographs. In the present study, aimed at determining the age of cessation of endocranial growth, a very precise technique involving Logetronic copying and photosubtraction was used. Positive and negative Logetronic prints were made from standard 90 degree lateral cephalometric films of 28 normal boys taken at annual intervals between 5 and 15 years. The negative of one stage superimposed on the positive at the next stage revealed any growth changes by photosubtraction. Comparisons were made between films at 5 and 10 years, 10 and 13 years, 13 and 14 years and 14 and 15 years. All superimpositions and recordings were repeated by a second observer. All subjects showed growth changes between 5 and 10 years, 96% changed between 10 and 13 years, 64% changed between 13 and 14 years, and 54% showed growth changes between 14 and 15 years. Endocranial growth has ceased between 14 and 15 years in 46% of normal boys.


European Journal of Orthodontics | 1981

A comparison of traditional and computerized methods of cephalometric analysis

Andrew Richardson


European Journal of Orthodontics | 1999

Cephalometric changes in adult pharyngeal morphology

Christopher Johnston; Andrew Richardson


International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry | 1998

The chronology and sequence of eruption of human permanent teeth in Northern Ireland

R. Kochhar; Andrew Richardson


International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry | 2009

Facial and dental anomalies in cleidocranial dysplasia: a study of 17 cases.

Andrew Richardson; Friedrich F. Deussen


European Journal of Orthodontics | 1997

Normal eruption of the maxillary canine quantified in three dimensions

Juanita Coulter; Andrew Richardson


European Journal of Orthodontics | 1993

Early treatment of Class III incisor relationship using the chincap appliance

Rosalind A. Allen; Ivan H. Connolly; Andrew Richardson


European Journal of Orthodontics | 1999

Ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine quantified in three dimensions on cephalometric radiographs between the ages of 5 and 15 years

Patrick McSherry; Andrew Richardson


International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry | 2008

Interceptive orthodontics in the real world of community dentistry

K. Al Nimri; Andrew Richardson

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Elham S. J. Abu Alhaija

Jordan University of Science and Technology

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Juanita Coulter

Queen's University Belfast

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K. Al Nimri

Queen's University Belfast

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Patrick McSherry

Queen's University Belfast

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R. Kochhar

Queen's University Belfast

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