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Dive into the research topics where Andy M. Tyrrell is active.

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Featured researches published by Andy M. Tyrrell.


IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems | 1994

The yield enhancement of field-programmable gate arrays

Neil J. Howard; Andy M. Tyrrell; Nigel M. Allinson

The fine granularity and reconfigurable nature of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) suggest that defect-tolerant methods can be readily applied to these devices in order to increase their maximum economic sizes, through increased yield. This paper identifies the inability to contain faults within single cells and the need for fast reconfiguration as the key obstacles to obtaining a significant increase in yield. Monte Carlo defect modeling of the photolithographic layers of VLSI FPGAs is used as a foundation for the yield modeling of various defect-tolerant architectures. Results suggest that a medium-grain architecture is the best solution, offering a substantial increase in size without significant side effects. This architecture is shown to produce greater gate densities than the alternative approach of realizing ultralarge scale FPGAs-multichip modules. >


Proceedings. The Second NASA/DoD Workshop on Evolvable Hardware | 2000

Embryonics+immunotronics: a bio-inspired approach to fault tolerance

Daryl W. Bradley; Cesar Ortega-Sanchez; Andy M. Tyrrell

Fault tolerance has always been a standard feature of electronic systems intended for long-term missions. However, the high complexity of modern systems makes the incorporation of fault tolerance a difficult task. Novel approaches to fault tolerance can be achieved by drawing inspiration from nature. Biological organisms possess characteristics such as healing and learning that can be applied to the design of fault-tolerant systems. This paper extends the work on bio-inspired fault-tolerant systems at the University of York. It is proposed that by combining embryonic arrays with an immune inspired network, it is possible to achieve systems with higher reliability.


International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems | 2005

Journeys in non-classical computation I: A grand challenge for computing research

Susan Stepney; Samuel L. Braunstein; John A. Clark; Andy M. Tyrrell; Andrew Adamatzky; Robert E. Smith; Tom Addis; Colin G. Johnson; Jonathan Timmis; Peter H. Welch; Robin Milner; Derek Partridge

1. The challengeA gateway event [35] is a change to a system that leads to the possibility of huge increases inkinds and levels of complexity. It opens up a whole new kind of phase space to the system’sdynamics.Gatewayeventsduringevolutionoflifeonearthincludetheappearanceofeukaryotes(organisms with a cell nucleus), an oxygen atmosphere, multi-cellular organisms and grass.Gatewayeventsduringthedevelopmentofmathematicsincludeeachinventionofanewclassofnumbers (negative, irrational, imaginary, ...), and dropping Euclid’s parallel postulate.A gateway event produces a profound and fundamental change to the system: Oncethrough the gateway, life is never the same again. We are currently poised on the threshold ofa significant gateway event in computation: That of breaking free from many of our current“classical computational” assumptions. Our Grand Challenge for computer science isto journey through the gateway event obtained by breaking our current classicalcomputational assumptions, and thereby develop a mature science of Non-ClassicalComputation2. Journeys versus goals


Proceedings. The Second NASA/DoD Workshop on Evolvable Hardware | 2000

Safe intrinsic evolution of Virtex devices

Gordon Hollingworth; Steve Smith; Andy M. Tyrrell

The new Virtex device is for many people the solution to the long term problem of implementing random configurations on digital electronic devices as is required in the paradigm of evolvable hardware. It has previously been shown that evolvable hardware was possible on these devices and that it can be accomplished using partial reconfiguration to speed up the configuration process. Unfortunately the circuit did not have any feedback paths, meaning that any time based circuits could not be implemented. This paper attempts to address this problem by using an array of xc6200 like cells within the Virtex device. Two applications are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of these ideas.


IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics | 2007

Regulatory Motif Discovery Using a Population Clustering Evolutionary Algorithm

Michael A. Lones; Andy M. Tyrrell

This paper describes a novel evolutionary algorithm for regulatory motif discovery in DNA promoter sequences. The algorithm uses data clustering to logically distribute the evolving population across the search space. Mating then takes place within local regions of the population, promoting overall solution diversity and encouraging discovery of multiple solutions. Experiments using synthetic data sets have demonstrated the algorithms capacity to find position frequency matrix models of known regulatory motifs in relatively long promoter sequences. These experiments have also shown the algorithms ability to maintain diversity during search and discover multiple motifs within a single population. The utility of the algorithm for discovering motifs in real biological data is demonstrated by its ability to find meaningful motifs within muscle-specific regulatory sequences.


international conference on artificial immune systems | 2004

Towards a Conceptual Framework for Artificial Immune Systems

Susan Stepney; Robert E. Smith; Jonathan Timmis; Andy M. Tyrrell

We propose that bio-inspired algorithms are best developed and analysed in the context of a multidisciplinary conceptual framework that provides for sophisticated biological models and well-founded analytical principles, and we outline such a framework here, in the context of AIS network models. We further propose ways to unify several domains into a common meta-framework, in the context of AIS population models. We finally hint at the possibility of a novel instantiation of such a meta-framework, thereby allowing the building of a specific computational framework that is inspired by biology, but not restricted to any one particular biological domain.


nasa dod conference on evolvable hardware | 2004

Digital circuit design using intrinsic evolvable hardware

Yang Zhang; Stephen L. Smith; Andy M. Tyrrell

This paper describes the application of intrinsic evolvable hardware to combinational circuit design and synthesis, as an alternative to conventional approaches. This novel reconfigurable architecture is inspired by Cartesian genetic programming and dedicated for implementing high performance digital image filters on a custom Xilinx Virtex FPGA xcv1000, together with a flexible local interconnection hierarchy. As a highly parallel architecture, it scales linearly with the filter complexity. It is reconfigured by an external genetic reconfiguration processing unit with a hardware GA implementation embedded. Due to pipelining, parallelization and no function call overhead, it yields a significant speedup of one to two orders of magnitude over a software implementation, which is especially useful for the real-time applications. The experimental results conclude that in terms of computational effort, filtered image signal and implementation cost, the intrinsic evolvable hardware solution outperforms traditional approaches.


Proceedings of the First NASA/DoD Workshop on Evolvable Hardware | 1999

Reliability analysis in self-repairing embryonic systems

Cesar Ortega; Andy M. Tyrrell

One characteristic of biological organisms that is desirable in engineering systems is the ability to tolerate faults in their components. Fault tolerance in artificial cellular systems is generally achieved by either time-redundancy or hardware-redundancy. In hardware redundancy spare cells are introduced so that when an active cell fails, a spare substitutes it in the embryonic hardware architecture designed at York, this hardware redundancy is achieved in a multi-cellular system inspired by cell embryology. In this paper the k-out-of-m reliability model is used to analyse the reconfiguration strategies used in embryonic arrays. Two schemes are investigated: row (or column) elimination and cell-elimination. The models proposed can be used to analyse the reliability of cellular systems with spares other than embryonic arrays.


self-adaptive and self-organizing systems | 2011

CoCoRo -- The Self-Aware Underwater Swarm

Thomas Schmickl; Ronald Thenius; Christoph Möslinger; Jon Timmis; Andy M. Tyrrell; Mark Read; James A. Hilder; José Halloy; Alexandre Campo; Cesare Stefanini; Luigi Manfredi; Stefano Orofino; Serge Kernbach; Tobias Dipper; Donny K. Sutantyo

The EU-funded CoCoRo project studies heterogeneous swarms of AUVs used for the purposes of under water monitoring and search. The CoCoRo underwater swarm system will combine bio-inspired motion principles with biologically-derived collective cognition mechanisms to provide a novel robotic system that is scalable, reliable and flexible with respect its behavioural potential. We will investigate and develop swarm-level emergent self-awareness, taking biological inspiration from fish, honeybees, the immune system and neurons. Low-level, local information processing will give rise to collective-level memory and cognition. CoCoRo will develop a novel bio-inspired operating system whose default behaviour will be to provide AUV shoaling functionality and the maintenance of swarm coherence. Collective discrimination of environmental properties will be processed on an individual-or on a collective-level given the cognitive capabilities of the AUVs. We will investigate collective self-recognition through experiments inspired by ethology and psychology, allowing for the quantification of collective cognition.


Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines | 2000

Embryonics: A Bio-Inspired Cellular Architecture with Fault-Tolerant Properties

Cesar Ortega-Sanchez; Daniel Mange; Steve Smith; Andy M. Tyrrell

This paper details and expands the work on Embryonics, a recently proposed fault-tolerant cellular architecture with reconfiguration properties inspired by the ontogenetic development of multicellular systems. The design of a selector-based embryonic cell, its applications and the reliability models associated to different embryonic reconfiguration strategies are presented. It is noted that embryonic distributed systems possess, in the majority of cases, better reliability characteristics than equivalent centralised systems.

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