Anil Kumar Singh

Clinical Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. Stems Bark in Urinary Tract Infections

Objective. Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common problem in clinical practice. Usually they are asymptomatic and are commonly present with distressing symptoms like pain and burning sensation on urination. Antibiotics are widely used to treat UTIs; however, they have their own limitations like resistance, reinfection, and relapses. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the value of Moringa oleifera Lam. stem bark as a potential medicine for UTIs. Study Design. 30 patients with UTI were randomly divided into two groups with 15 patients in each group. Shigru bark was given to patients of the first group (trial group) and modern medicines were prescribed to the other group of patients. At least three follow-ups are taken in both groups at the end of every week of treatment. Results. After treatment 66.67 % were cured, 13.33 % improved, 13.33% patients have no change, and 6.67% relapsed in trial group and in control group 46.67% were cured, 26.66% improved, 6.67% patients have no change, and 20% relapsed. Interpretation and Conclusion. The trial drug is significant in the management of UTI. This study needs to be done on a large scale and for a long time.

Near-field analysis of H-plane hollow sectoral dielectric horn antennas

This paper deals with the H-plane hollow sectoral dielectric horn antenna. The metallic wall of the metal horn antenna is replaced by dielectric sheets to obtain this type of antenna. Attempts are made to determine theoretically the approximate fields on the aperture of the antenna under several simplifying assumptions. A comparison is made between theoretically calculated and experimentally observed values for one of the components (the amplitude) at the front aperture of the antenna.

EMPLOYMENT OF CEPEX ENCLOSURES FOR MONITORING TOXICITY OF HG AND ZN ON IN SITU STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALGAL COMMUNITIES OF RIVER GANGA IN VARANASI, INDIA

Effects of Hg and Zn on in situ nitrogen fixation, autotrophic index, pigment diversity, 14CO2 uptake, and change in algal community structure of Ganges water have been studied for the first time using CEPEX chambers in aquatic ecosystem of India. A concentration-dependent decrease in in situ nitrogenase activity of Ganges water with Hg and Zn has been noticed. No ethylene production was observed at 0.8 microgram/ml of Hg. However, an increase in the autotrophic index was observed in CEPEX enclosures treated with Hg and Zn. The AI value was maximum at 0.8 microgram/ml Hg after an incubation of 15 days. An increase in pigment diversity also followed the pattern of AI with the test metals used. Inhibition of 14CO2 uptake of phytoplankton of Ganges water was maximum at 0.8 microgram/ml Hg (79%) followed by Zn (69%). Carbon fixation showed an increase for 1 hr, after which no appreciable change was noticed. Maximum inhibition of algal number was observed at 0.8 microgram/ml Hg followed by 8.0 micrograms/ml of Zn in the CEPEX chamber. Members of Chlorophyceae showed more tolerance than Cyanophyceae and Bacillariophyceae. The filamentous forms were more tolerant to Hg and Zn. In contrast, unicellular forms were more sensitive to Hg. The test of significance (ANOVA) showed that metal-induced variations in pigment diversity, the autotrophic index, and the 14CO2 uptake were highly significant (P less than 0.001).

Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Novel Tricyclic Dibenzoheterocycles via the Dianion Protocol of Ditopic Ligands

Abstract In our ongoing studies on the synthesis of new heterocyclic ring systems via a dianion intermediate, we herein describe the preparation of novel dibenzoazadioxoninone, dibenzoazadioxoninethione, dibenzoazadioxocine, dibenzoazadioxacycloundecine, dibenzoazadioxacyclododecine, dibenzoaza-2-oxodioxaphosphonine, and dibenzoaza-2-oxo-1,3-thioxaphosphonine in good yields.

Effect of Neem oil and Haridra on non-healing wounds.

Background: In Ayurveda, Vrana (wound) has stated as tissue destruction and discoloration of viable tissue due to various etiology. In Sushruta Samhita, Sushruta described Vrana as a main subject. Most commonly Vrana can be classified into Shuddha and Dushta Vrana (chronic wound/nonhealing ulcers). Among the various drugs mentioned for Dushta Vrana, two of them, Neem (Azadirechta indica A. Juss) oil and Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.) powder are selected for their wide spectrum action on wound. Aim: To compare the effect of Neem oil and Haridra in the treatment of chronic non-healing wounds. Materials and Methods: Total 60 patients of wounds with more than 6 weeks duration were enrolled and alternatively allocated to Group I (topical application of Neem oil), Group II (Haridra powder capsules, 1 g 3 times orally) and Group III (both drugs). Duration of treatment was considered until complete healing of the wound, whereas 4 th and 8 th week were considered for assessment of 50% healing. Wound size was measured and recorded at weekly intervals. Wound biopsy was repeated after 4 weeks for assessment of angiogenesis and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, 50% wound healing was observed in 43.80% patients of Group I, 18.20% patients of Group II, and 70.00% patients of Group III. Microscopic angiogenesis grading system scores and DNA concentration showed highly significant effect of combined use of both drugs when compared before and after results of treatment (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Topical use of Neem oil and oral use of Haridra powder capsule used in combination were found effective for chronic non-healing wounds.

Near-field analysis of E-plane sectoral solid dielectric horn antennas

An approximate analysis of the aperture field of an E-plane sectoral solid dielectric horn antenna is described using the TE to x mode. The analysis is based on the solution of Maxwells equations after making some simplifying assumptions. The electric and magnetic fields inside the horn core are matched to those outside at appropriate boundaries to yield transcendental equations which are then solved on a computer for the ropagation constants and field configurations. The theoretical results so obtained are in agreement with experimental results. Characteristic equations for the TM to x mode are also calculated and the results are compared with those of Marcatili, Goell, Eyges and Morita

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Tools and Impact in Plant Breeding

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of plant genomes provides opportunities to understand the genetic makeup and behavior of plant genomes. Plant whole genome sequencing, transcriptome sequencing and exome sequencing will allow discovering agronomically-important genes that regulate yield and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The availability of the genome and transcriptome sequence data helps in the development of genetic markers. At present, available NGS tools are powerful enough to provide high-resolution analysis of plant genomes. NGS generates huge amounts of sequenced data in a cost-effective manner and allows profiling for nucleotide variation and large-scale discovery of functional markers. These markers will help in selection of economically-important traits in plant breeding. Plant breeding has been beneficial in developing improved varieties using conventional tools, techniques and methodologies. The availability of NGS tools and online resources is leading to a gene revolution of plant breeding, as they facilitate the study of the genome and its relationship with the phenome for complex traits. The analyses of NGS data allow plant breeders to discover regulatory sequences and their relative positions and subsequent development of molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS).

To Study the Risk Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents in Patna, Bihar

Introduction: Obesity is perhaps the most prevalent form of malnutrition. As a chronic disease, prevalent in both developed and developing countries and affecting the adolescent age group due to their improper life style practices. Objective: To Study The Risk Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 380 adolescents in Urban area of Patna, Bihar. A predefined, pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. Appropriate Statistical tests were used wherever applicable. Results: We observed that among 380 participants, 20.3% of adolescents were overweight or obese. In this study, we found that low intake of vegetable and fruits and lack of yoga practices were the important factors for the occurrence of overweight and obesity. The study showed that there was a significant association between less consumption of vegetable, fruits, yoga practices and the occurrence of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: The urban adolescent population is not conscious enough to seek healthcare until critically ill. Community based studies are required to highlight the problem of overweight and obesity among urban adolescents.

A PROGRESSIVE STEP TOWARDS CLASSICAL USES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN GYNECOLOGICAL DISORDERS

In India women do not share their Gynecological problems with their family members and not even with her neighbours at early stage of diseases. Generally they share their problems with local practitioners, because there is less chances to disclose their problems in society, another benefit is that local practitioners treat them by local herbal remedies at very low cost. Mostly this work is exploration of different Ayurvedic scriptures for Gynecological problems. About 77 medicinal plants have been recorded having basonyms and latin names of the plants, family, therapeutic uses and their references in different scriptures of Ayurveda and ethno botany. The present study is very much significant to practitioners in their practices and also for researchers to find out the various active phytochemicals and pharmacological agents as a potent drug in the field of Ayurveda.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Formation Mechanism of Nanoparticles and Rods of 1,5-Bis(2-Halophenyl)Penta-1,4-Dien-3-One

Synthesis, Characterization, and Formation Mechanism of Nanoparticles and Rods of 1,5-Bis(2-Halophenyl)Penta-1,4-Dien-3-One nFor the first time nano sized particles of 1,5-bis(2-bromophenyl) penta-1,4-dien-3-one (I) and 1,5-bis(2-flourophenyl)penta-1,4- dien-3-one(II) were synthesised by facile reverse microemulsion route. Amazingly, I & II possessed spherical morphology and fibrous morphology respectively, as revealed by FTIR, FE-SEM with EDAX, HR-TEM with SAED. The detailed mechanism has been discussed.