Anis Kurniasih

The analysis of volcanic activity influences at the lower and middle part of Sentolo Formation, Kulon Progo using petrographic method

The research area is a part of South Serayu Mountain zone, specifically Bregada Kulon Progo. The Bregada Kulon Progo is a product of volcanic activity in the past, which can be seen by the volcanic rock called Old Andesite Formation. The end of the volcanic activity is characterized by the deposition of carbonate rocks which were part of Jonggrangan Formation and Sentolo Formation. The lower part of Sentolo Formation is composed by the mix of carbonate and volcanic materials. The research is carried out by two methods. The first is field method, which is implemented by geological mapping and rock sampling. The second is laboratory method, which is implemented by petrographic method. The petrographic method is implemented by making thin section of the rocks, then observing the thin section with polarization microscope to determine the composition of the rocks. The rock samples are mainly from the lower and middle part of Sentolo Formation, which probably still got the influence of volcanic activity. The benefit of the research is knowing the influence of volcanic activity in the carbonate rocks of Sentolo Formation. The presence of volcanic materials in the lower part of Sentolo Formation, can be predicted by two processes. First, the volcanic activity supplied those materials directly, and second, from the rework of the volcanic materials then mixed with carbonat materials of Sentolo Formation.

Palaeoecological analysis of Sentolo Formation based on foraminifera fossil assemblage from stratigraphic cross-sectional measurements in Pengasih, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta

Sentolo formation that is included in the Kulon Progo stratigraphic series has a wide distribution. Although there have been a number of studies on it, more detailed research is needed, as there are still many unexplored outcrop locations. Moreover, there are still a lot of questions about the stratigraphic relationship between Sentolo Formation and Oligocene-Miocene volcanic series of Kulon Progo. Based on this background, this study is focused on the existence of foraminifera fossil in Sentolo Formation as an indicator of palaeoecological conditions at the time Sentolo Formation was deposited. This research is very important to get a detail understanding about the indicators that are influential at the time of deposition process of Sentolo Formation in research area. Based on palaeoecological analysis, the palaeoecology at the time Sentolo Formation deposited was normal marine continental slope waters. Meanwhile, the community structure of foraminifera indicates a stable water conditions in a marine environment that was not disrupted by volcanism, so it becomes a good factor for the growth of foraminifera. Whereas the presence of volcaniclastic material mixed with carbonate which is occurred in the lower part of Sentolo Formation were interpreted as reworked of older volcanic rock.