Anitawati Mohd Lokman

ExpertKanseiWeb: A Tool to Design Kansei Website

In this paper we describe our research work involved in the development of a design tool for developing Kansei website. The design tool to facilitate Kansei web design is named, ExpertKanseiWeb and was developed based on results obtained from the application of the Kansei Engineering method to extract website visitors’ Kansei responses. From the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis performed, a guideline composed from the website design elements and the implied Kansei was established. This guideline becomes the basis for the systems structure of the design tool. ExpertKanseiWeb system consists of a Client Interface (CI), system controller and Kansei Web Database System (KWDS). Client can benefit from the tools as it offers easy knowledge interpretation of the guideline and presents examples to the design of Kansei website.

Kansei semantic space for emotion in online learning

Even though cognition is heavily emphasized in the learning world, but quite recently there has been a spurred interest to study the emotion of the learners, as the previous researchers unveil that emotion is as important as cognition in learning traditionally or online. This paper discusses mainly about the first finding out of four findings expected from this research. The aim of this research is mainly to identify the design elements of the online learning materials that connect to a specific emotion. Kansei Engineering (KE) is being performed as the methodology for this research. In this research, 16 online learning materials specifically for the Database course were evaluated with 55 emotions selected based on the findings from previous studies conducted for this research. 48 respondents from one of the public institution of higher learning in Malaysia performed the evaluation. The finding as discuss in this paper reveals the important pillars of emotions or kansei semantic space of emotions for online learning materials. Based on Factor Analysis, it reveals 4 important pillars and 1 additional pillar for kansei emotions in online learning. In addition, the paper also discusses the possibility of the important design that might evoke certain emotions based on the first two pillars that are engaged-motivated and challenging-thinking.

A relationship model of playful interaction, interaction design, kansei engineering and mobile usability in mobile learning

Mobile learning is a new technology embraced in the educational environment. In general, mobile learning can be described as teaching and learning activities by using mobile technologies. Designing interactivity with mobile learning is important for learners and educators. The requirements and different perspective towards mobile learning need to be explored. The demographic profiling of the user may also affect the usage and usability of mobile learning. Designers may need to identify the elements and relevant methodologies when designing interactivity of mobile learning. This main objective of this paper is to conceptualize the relationship model of (i) playful interaction, (ii) interaction design, (iii) kansei engineering and (iv) mobile usability in mobile learning. The model from this study may provide the motivation and prescription to designers in designing mobile application for teaching and learning.

The feasibility of PrEmo in cross-cultural Kansei measurement

Kansei Engineering has been successfully used as product design technology inducing human emotion in its quality value. It has in its perspective that Kansei is unique for different domain and that it is unique for different target user group, and results from the evaluation of human Kansei have uniqueness in different cultural races and demographical background. Although the success is proven, the technology has shortcoming when there is a need to build universal design for universal target user. Therefore, we need to have a non-verbal cross-culture emotion measurement tool which could enhance the capability of K.E. in the measurement of universal Kansei across cultures. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using a nonverbal, animation based emotion measurement instrument called PrEmo to measure Kansei as a solution to universal Kansei in a cross-cultural environment. The feasibility was analyzed by performing a comparative analysis of Kansei structure with the use of PrEmo with two different cultural races. 10 websites with significant visual design differences were used as stimuli in the evaluation procedure involving 30 subjects. The resulted Kansei structure from the comparative study shows that there is encouraging results to show that PrEmo could be used to measure Kansei. Future research is required to cater the measurement of Kansei that are not limited to the 12 general emotions as suggested in PrEmo.

A Kansei system to support children's clothing design in Malaysia

Often consumers definition of design concepts conflicts with designers idea, and this has always caused confusions. In the context of product emotion, this work strives to understand consumers emotional responses towards designs, and investigate how differences of designs affect emotions. This paper reports work to explore potential to design a recommender system for childrens clothing in Malaysia with the implementation of Kansei Engineering. In the system, the knowledge base is formed from the Kansei evaluation and analysis procedure that are anticipated to provide data such as the semantic Kansei, the design influence and the specimens Kansei. The result shows that Malaysians consumers Kansei in childrens clothing could be classified into forty clusters and the Kansei design could be structured by five concepts. Strong relations between Kansei and specimen could be determined, and design influence could be identified by Partial Least Square Analysis. Inference rules for the system are set to include age group, price range and occasion. With the result successfully obtained from Kansei evaluation and analysis, the paper proposes a recommender system that could be of importance to support the design process of childrens clothing in Malaysia. The system could also be used to facilitate consumers in objectively describing their desired clothing design to designers as well as retailers to avoid misunderstanding.

Kansei Design Model for Engagement in Online Learning: A Proposed Model

Positive user experience is associated with positive emotion which is important to engage students in online learning. Most of the previous studies focused only in one element when studying the user experience for example elements in the interface design only or in the interaction design only. This research proposed a model with the combination of design elements in the interface, content and interaction design to understand the experience specifically the students’ engagement with the online learning material. The proposed model of students’ engagement is based on the principles of Aptum model and interaction design. As the dimensions in the model is general, therefore to extract the details of the design elements, the Kansei Engineering technique is adopted as it has been proven able to extract the design elements in many areas of studies. This paper described the proposed model and explained the main design elements in interface, content and interaction design dimensions. Discussions on user experience, emotion and engagement in learning, a brief explanation about Kansei Engineering technique and some conclusion about the research are also presented.

Formulating Kansei concept of assistive device for people with physical disabilities

The mobility limitations in daily activities for people with physical disabilities have rapidly spurred on various inventions of assistive devices to fulfill their needs. However, misunderstanding of specifications and conflicting of design and expectation do certainly exist between the user with physical disabilities and the designer. This phenomenon leads to a big gap between psychological aspects of human and technical element of product used. Thus, this paper proposes Kansei Engineering (KE) technology to investigate the affective values beneath the products and incorporate them into design specifications. An exploratory study is conducted to derive Kansei words for assistive devices. Experts are asked to perform affinity process using KJ Method and classify Kansei words into four segments which are sensational, physical, aesthetic, and operational. As a result, 95 Kansei words are clustered into 10 sub headers which contained in those four Kansei segments. These results will become a reference model for Kansei concepts of assistive device for people with physical disability to designer and user in defining device specifications and meeting users implicit needs.

Website Affective Evaluation: Analysis of Differences in Evaluations Result by Data Population

Studies involving consumer studies have suggested different mechanisms of subject selections. The paper elaborates results of subjects responses by the methodology adopted from Kansei Engineering. In the research, evaluation of subjects Kansei towards website interface design was performed, targeting to measure affective quality in website design. Principal Component Analysis was performed to identify semantic structure of Kansei Words. The analyses were based on the average of evaluation results obtained from subjects. Results of PC Loadings were analyzed to see differences of determinants by size of data population. It is evident from the study that population size does not affect determinants of affective web interface design. The study makes decent contribution in determining appropriate population size in designing research instruments for future studies involving website affective evaluations.

A Theoretical Framework of Playful Interaction in Mobile Learning

Mobile Learning is becoming an essential tool for educators in the ubiquitous learning environment. With estimated 20 to 23 million mobile users in Malaysia, there is an anticipation of rapid growth of M-Learning in education. The main objective of this study is to provide a theoretical framework of playful interaction in mobile learning through lens of theoretical analysis and deductive reasoning approaches. The incorporation of the dimensions from the dimensions of (i) pedagogical, (ii) playfulness and (iii) kansei engineering are adopted from the work of well-known theories from education and human-computer interaction disciplines. The theoretical framework with injection from kansei engineering will be prescribed as a guideline to construct a fun, joyful and quality learning experience. Future work involves empirical verification of the framework with experts and experimental procedure with M-Learning users.

Exploring Kansei structure and visualization of cellphone design cluster

The design of IT product today faces great challenge when design focus has shifted to incorporating users implicit needs, specifically emotion when designing a product. In addressing iteraction design, cognitive functionality and usability has been given major attention. These have resulted good quality and usable products. However, with the equally good quality product flooding the market, consumers demand a new level of design that will draw their attention. Literature has discussed how product emotion affects consumers attention. Thus, this work evaluates the emotional values of product design with the use of Kansei Engineering methodology. This is performed to explore the emotional structure that forms when user interacts with the product. An evaluation using 20 cell-phones as stimuli, a set of 40 emotional keywords, and 30 subjects were used. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were performed to analyze the distribution of components and demonstrate the structure of emotion. The result shows that users emotion in cell-phone design is structured by the dimension of attractiveness and simplicity. The results also enable the demonstration of the structure of emotion and its relation with product design, and visualize the cluster of product and its emotional values. The outcome is beneficial for designers and producers as they can have a clue on consumers emotional responses and thus strategize new concept of product design that attracts consumers attention.