Ann E. Cudd

Commitment As Motivation: Amartya Sen’S Theory Of Agency And The Explanation Of Behaviour

This is the authors accepted manuscript.The original publication is available at http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=9186646&fileId=S0266267114000030.

Indefinitely Repeated Games: A Response to Carroll

In a recent volume of this journal John Carroll argued that there exist only uncooperative equilibria in indefinitely repeated prisoners dilemma games. We show that this claim depends on modeling such games as finitely but indefinitely repeated games, which reduce simply to finitely repeated games. We propose an alternative general model of probabilistically indefinitely repeated games, and discuss the appropriateness of each of these models of indefinitely repeated games.

Truly humanitarian intervention: considering just causes and methods in a feminist cosmopolitan frame

In international law, ‘humanitarian intervention’ refers to the use of military force by one nation or group of nations to stop genocide or other gross human rights violations in another sovereign nation. If humanitarian intervention is conceived as military in nature, it makes sense that only the most horrible, massive, and violent violations of human rights can justify intervention. Yet, that leaves many serious evils beyond the scope of legal intervention. In particular, violations of womens rights and freedoms often go unchecked. To address this problem, I begin from two basic questions: When are violations of human rights sufficiently serious to require an international response of some sort? What should that response be? By re-orienting the aim and justification of international law to focus on individual autonomy rather than on peace between nations, I argue that womens rights violations other than genocide and mass rape can warrant intervention. Military intervention is often counter-productive to the aim of achieving autonomy, however. I suggest a range of responses to human rights violations that includes military intervention as one end of the spectrum, and combine this with a greater understanding of the scope of human rights violations that require international response.

Enforced pregnancy, rape, and the image of woman

Most philosophical discussions of abortion focus on the harms and rights of the individual women and fetuses directly involved. They concentrate on the questions of whether the fetus is a person, or whether it is a being sufficiently like persons to deserve a right to life, and whether the rights of the fetus are counterbalanced by the womens right to privacy or freedom from interference.

Philosophical perspectives on democracy in the 21st century

Table of Contents.- Acknowledgement.- About the Authors.- 1. Philosophical Perspectives on Democracy in the 21st Century: Introduction Ann E. Cudd and Sally J. Scholz.- Part I. The Meaning of Democracy.- 2. Democracy: A Paradox of Rights? Emily R. Gill.- 3. Rights and the American Constitution: The Issue of Judicial Review and its Compatibility with Democracy Rex Martin.- 4. Democracy as a Social Myth Richard T. DeGeorge.- Part II. The Current Polarization.- 5. Political Polarization and the Markets vs. Government Debate Stephen Nathanson.- 6. Two Visions of Democracy Richard Barron Parker.- 7. Proportional Representation, the Single Transferable Vote, and Electoral Pragmatism Richard Nunan.- 8. The Problem of Democracy in the Context of Polarization Imer B. Flores.- Part III. Democracy, Capitalism, and the Influence of Big Money.- 9. Is Justice Possible under Welfare State Capitalism? Steven P Lee.- 10. Rawls on Inequality, Social Segregation and Democracy Mark Navin.- 11. Mass Democracy in a Postfactual Market Society: Citizens United and the Role of Corporate Political Speech F. Patrick Hubbard.- 12. A Tsunami of Filthy Lucre: How the Decisions of the SCOTUS Imperil American Democracy Jonathan Schonsheck.- 13. Democracy and Economic Inequality Alistair M. Macleod.- Part IV. Democratic Decisions and the (Un) Informed Public.- 14. Epistocracy Within Public Reason Jason Brennan.- 15. Journalists as Purveyors of Partial Truths Russell Waltz.- 16. Motivated Reasoning, Group Identification, and Representative Democracy Kenneth Henley.- 17. Republics, Passions and Protests Wade L. Robison.- Index.

Philosophical Perspectives on Democracy in the Twenty-First Century: Introduction

Recent global movements, including the Arab Spring, the Occupy Movement, as well as polarizing events in the US, such as the Citizens United ruling, invite a rethinking of the meaning, desirability, and feasibility of democracy in the twenty-first century. Technological changes have increased democratic participation, but have yet to improve democratic deliberation. Ideological differences have engendered incivility and unwillingness to compromise. Philosophical reflection offers opportunities not only to scrutinize the implications of these changes for democracy but also to reevaluate the nature and meaning of the core concepts of political theory. This chapter interprets the contemporary context of democracy in light of recent developments, and offers an overview of the issues considered in the chapters of this book.

Economic Inequality and Global Justice

This paper considers whether economic inequality apart from poverty is unjust. I argue that economic inequality is not unjust in itself, but that if it allows the rich to dominate politically and create unfair economic conditions, then it is unjust. The solution within democratic capitalist countries is to control the influence of wealth on the political system. The paper then considers how that solution works in the global case. Because there is no international democratic system, and because the determinants of global inequality are more domestic than international, the solution does not apply as neatly. However, a case can be made for demanding more democracy in member nations and controlling the influence of wealthy nations in the World Trade Organization.

Feminist Morality: Transforming Culture, Society, and Politics.

How is feminism changing the way women and men think, feel and act? Virginia Held explores how feminist theory is changing contemporary views of moral choice. She proposes a comprehensive philosophy of feminist ethics, arguing for reconceptualizations of the self; of relations between the self and others; and of images of birth and death, nurturing and violence. Held shows how social, political and cultural institutions have traditionally been founded upon masculine ideals of morality. She then identifies a distinct feminist morality that moves beyond culturally embedded notions about motherhood and female emotionality, and she discusses its far-reaching implications for altering many contemporary social problems, including standards of freedom, democracy, equality, and personal development.