Ann M. Hughes

FURTHER STUDIES ON STERILITY PRODUCED IN MALE MICE BY DEUTERIUM OXIDE

Thirty percent D/sub 2/O in the drinking water of male Swiss mice produces sterility. Both a decrease in litter size and a decreased percentage of fertile matings were observed when treated males were mated with normal females. No increase in regressions was obtained. The development of mouse eggs in a female mated with a D/sub 2/O-treated male is generally abnormal; few multicelled eggs are obtained 2 to 2 1/2 days after copulation. It is suggested that changes in physical forces that bind macromolecules are produced by the substitution of deuterium for hydrogen. These changes may result in abnormal genetic material in developing sperm. (auth)

THE EFFECT OF DEUTERIUM OXIDE ON SURVIVAL OF MICE WITH ASCITES TUMOR

Abstract The effect of deuterium oxide (D 2 O) on the survival of mice inoculated with Ehrlichs mouse ascites tumor has been studied. Mice maintained on 25% and 30% D 2 O drinking water showed an improved survival time of about 6 days, whereas 40% D 2 O drinking water had no effect on survival time. The effect is interpreted in terms of inhibition of tumor cell division and systemic toxicity.

Effect of coenzyme A on the metabolic oxidation of labeled fatty acids: rate studies, instrumentation and liver fractionation.

UCRL-2849 Unclassified Health and Biology UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Radiation L a b o r a t o r y B e r k e l e y , California Contract No. W-7405 -eng-48 E F F E C T O F COENZYME A ON T H E METABOLIC OXIDATION O F LABELED FATTY ACIDS: Rate Studies, Instrumentation, and Liver Fractionation B. M . Tolbert, Ann M. Hughes, M a r t h a R . Kirk, and M. Calvin A p r i l 18, 1955 P r i n t e d f o r the U. S. Atomic Energy C o m m i s s i o n

Deuterium oxide effect on spermatogenesis in the mouse.

Drinking water containing 30 per cent D2O by volume was given to young adult S and C57 black mice. Quantitative histological study of the testes at weekly intervals indicated a progressive decline in number of spermatogonia to about 60 per cent of control by the end of the 7-week experimental period. Number of degenerating mononuclear giant cells, abnormal clumps of spermatids, and frequency of tubules with missing cell layers were more frequent in D2O-treated mice. The normality of spermatogenesis was surprising in view of the known effect of D2O on fertility of C57 male mice, and investigations on both number and functional capacity of spermatozoa of these males are indicated.

CYTOCIDAL EFFECT OF RIFAMYCIN DERIVATIVES ON ASCITES TUMOR CELLS: STUDIES WITH 125I-IODODEOXYURIDINE

The cytotoxicity of 2 rifamycin derivatives, rifazone-82 and rifampicin, on mouse ascites cells was studied, using the [125I]iododeoxyuridine (IUDR) method of labeling the tumor cells. This technique allows a distinction to be made between a cytocidal and cytostatic effect. The 2 drugs exerted a cytocidal effect against 2 non-leukemic cell lines, but had no effect against 3 leukemic lines.

Effect of some rifamycin derivatives on chemically-induced mammary tumours in rats

Five rifamycin derivatives have been compared for their effectiveness in inhibiting chemically-induced mammary tumours in rats. Daily oral administration of DMB (dimethylbenzyl-desmethylrifampicin), starting 2 weeks before the carcinogen challenge, was the most effective, both in inhibiting or delaying the onset of tumours and in slowing the growth of those that occurred. The inhibitory effects of rifampin, dirifampin, RC-16(rifazacyclo16) and R-82) were less than those of DMB when administered by the same route at the same dose level.

Observations on the Radiation Decomposition of Some C14 LabeledCompounds

Varying amounts of radiation decomposition during storage in the dry form have been found in the cases of C{sup 14}-labeled valine, norvaline, norleucine, choline chloride, calcium glycolate and cholesterol. These data indicate that investigators using labeled organic compounds should make frequent checks of the purity of these compounds in order to exclude the possibility of the presence of decomposition products.

The Effect of D20 on Survival of Mice with Ascites Tumor

The effect of deuterium oxide (D{sub 2}O) on the survival of mice inoculated with Ehrlichs mouse ascites tumor has been studied. Mice maintained on 25% and 30% D{sub 2}O drinking water showed an improved survival time of about 6 days whereas 40% D{sub 2}O drinking water had no effect on survival time. The effect is interpreted in terms of inhibition of tumor cell division and systemic toxicity.

Sterility Produced in Mice by Deuterium Oxide

Sterility in C{sub 57} and Swiss mice has been produced by substituting D{sub 2}O for a part of the drinking water. The effective range lies between 5% and 30% D{sub 2}O. It appears that the effect is greater in C{sub 57} males than females and that the size and viability of the litter is affected.