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Dive into the research topics where Ann Marie Paprocki is active.

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Featured researches published by Ann Marie Paprocki.


Microscopy and Microanalysis | 2003

Imaging Mitochondrial Organization in Living Primate Oocytes and Embryos using Multiphoton Microscopy

Jayne M. Squirrell; Ralph D. Schramm; Ann Marie Paprocki; David L. Wokosin; Barry D. Bavister

We employed multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM) to image changes in mitochondrial distribution in living rhesus monkey embryos. This method of imaging does not impair development; thus, the same specimen can be visualized multiple times at various developmental stages. Not only does this increase the amount of information that can be gathered on a single specimen but it permits the correlation of early events with subsequent development in the same specimen. Here we demonstrate the utility of MPLSM for determining changes in mitochondrial organization at various developmental stages and show that rhesus zygotes possess a distinct accumulation of mitochondria between the pronuclei prior to syngamy. We present evidence that suggests that this pronuclear accumulation may be positively correlated with development to the blastocyst stage-in the same embryo-thereby illustrating how MPLSM can be used to correlate cellular dynamics of primate oocytes and early embryos with their developmental potential. Understanding the relationship between mitochondrial distribution and the subsequent development of mammalian embryos, particularly primates, will increase our ability to improve embryo culture technologies, including those used for human assisted reproduction.


Biology of Reproduction | 2004

The Primate Embryo Gene Expression Resource: A Novel Resource to Facilitate Rapid Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns in Non-Human Primate Oocytes and Preimplantation Stage Embryos

Ping Zheng; Bela Patel; Malgorzata McMenamin; Suhas E. Reddy; Ann Marie Paprocki; R. Dee Schramm; Keith E. Latham

Abstract Detailed molecular studies of preimplantation stage development in a suitable nonhuman primate model organism have been inhibited due to the cost and scarcity of embryos. To circumvent these limitations, we have created a new resource for the research community, designated as the Primate Embryo Gene Expression Resource (PREGER). The PREGER sample collection currently contains over 160 informative samples of oocytes, obtained from various sized antral follicles, and embryos obtained through a variety of different protocols. The PREGER makes it possible to undertake quantitative gene-expression studies in rhesus monkey oocytes and embryos through simple and cost-effective hybridization-based methods. The PREGER also makes available other molecular tools to facilitate nonhuman primate embryology. We used PREGER here to compare the temporal expression patterns of five housekeeping mRNAs and three transcription factor mRNAs between mouse and rhesus monkey. We observed noticeable differences in temporal expression patterns between species for some mRNAs, but clear similarities for others. Our results also provide new information related to genome activation and the effects of embryo culture conditions on gene expression in primate embryos. These results provide one illustration of how the PREGER can be employed to obtain novel insight into primate embryogenesis.


Biology of Reproduction | 2005

Effects of Follicle Size and Oocyte Maturation Conditions on Maternal Messenger RNA Regulation and Gene Expression in Rhesus Monkey Oocytes and Embryos

Ping Zheng; Bela Patel; Malgorzata McMenamin; Elizabeth Moran; Ann Marie Paprocki; Maki Kihara; R. Dee Schramm; Keith E. Latham

Abstract The relationship between alterations in gene expression and differences in developmental potential in primate oocytes and embryos was examined. Oocytes from 3 sources were used for these studies: 1) in vivo-matured oocytes from monkeys stimulated with FSH and hCG, 2) in vitro-matured oocytes from large follicles of monkeys primed with FSH, and 3) in vitro-matured oocytes from small follicles from nonstimulated (NS) monkeys. Following in vitro fertilization, embryos from these oocytes displayed high, moderate, and low developmental competence, respectively. Oocytes from NS females displayed aberrant accumulation of a number of maternal mRNAs, followed by precocious loss of many maternal mRNAs by the 2-cell stage. Embryos from NS oocytes displayed alterations in expression of key transcription factors after the 8-cell stage. Oocytes and embryos from FSH-stimulated females also displayed alterations in gene expression relative to hCG-stimulated females, but these alterations were much less severe than those observed for NS oocytes and embryos. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that continued development and maturation of the oocyte within the ovarian follicle in vivo facilitates the production of oocytes of the highest developmental potential, and that in vitro conditions may not support this process as effectively due to differences in the extracellular milieu. These observations are relevant to understanding the role of the in vivo environment on oocyte maturation, and the potential effects of in vitro maturation on human assisted reproduction methods.


Biology of Reproduction | 2004

Expression of Genes Encoding Chromatin Regulatory Factors in Developing Rhesus Monkey Oocytes and Preimplantation Stage Embryos: Possible Roles in Genome Activation

Ping Zheng; Bela Patel; Malgorzata McMenamin; Ann Marie Paprocki; R. Dee Schramm; Norman G. Nagl; Deborah Wilsker; Xiaomei Wang; Elizabeth Moran; Keith E. Latham

Abstract One of the most critical events of preimplantation development is the successful activation of gene transcription. Both the timing and the array of genes activated must be controlled. The ability to regulate gene transcription appears to be reduced just prior to the time of the major genome activation event, and changes in chromatin structure appear essential for establishing this ability. Major molecules that modulate chromatin structure are the linker and core histones, enzymes that modify histones, and a wide variety of other factors that associate with DNA and mediate either repressive or activating changes. Among the latter are chromatin accessibility complexes, SWI/SNF complexes, and the YY1 protein and its associated factors. Detailed information about the expression and regulation of these factors in preimplantation stage embryos has not been published for any species. In order to ascertain which of these factors may participate in chromatin remodeling, genome activation, and DNA replication during early primate embryogenesis, we determined the temporal expression patterns of mRNA encoding these factors. Our data identify the predominant members of these different functional classes of factors expressed in oocytes and embryos, and reveal patterns of expression distinct from those patterns seen in somatic cells. Among each of four classes of mRNAs examined, some mRNAs were expressed predominantly in the oocyte, with these largely giving way to others expressed stage specifically in the embryo. This transition may be part of a global mechanism underlying the transition from maternal to embryonic control of development, wherein the oocyte program is silenced and an embryonic pattern of gene expression becomes established. Possible roles for these mRNAs in chromatin remodeling, genome activation, DNA replication, cell lineage determination, and nuclear reprogramming are discussed.


Biology of Reproduction | 2003

Reduced Intrafollicular Androstenedione and Estradiol Levels in Early-Treated Prenatally Androgenized Female Rhesus Monkeys Receiving Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Therapy for In Vitro Fertilization

Daniel A. Dumesic; R. Dee Schramm; Ian M. Bird; Eric Peterson; Ann Marie Paprocki; Rao Zhou; David H. Abbott

Abstract Five early-treated and four late-treated prenatally androgenized and five normal female rhesus monkeys were studied to determine whether prenatal testosterone propionate exposure beginning Gestational Days 40–44 (early-treated) or 100–115 (late-treated) affects follicular steroidogenesis during recombinant human FSH (rhFSH) treatment. All monkeys underwent rhFSH injections, without human chorionic gonadotropin administration, followed by oocyte retrieval. Serum FSH, LH, estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17 OHP), androstenedione (A4), testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone were measured basally during rhFSH therapy and at oocyte retrieval. Follicle fluid (FF) sex steroids, oocyte fertilization, and embryo development were analyzed. Circulating FSH, E2, 17 OHP, A4, and dihydrotestosterone levels increased similarly in all females. Serum LH levels decreased from basal levels in normal and late-treated prenatally androgenized females but were unchanged in early-treated prenatally androgenized females. Serum P levels at oocyte retrieval were comparable with those before FSH treatment in all females. All prenatally androgenized females showed reduced FF levels of A4 and E2 but not P or dihydrotestosterone. Intrafollicular T concentrations also were significantly lower in late-treated compared with early-treated prenatally androgenized females or normal females. In early-treated prenatally androgenized females, but not the other female groups, intrafollicular A4 and E2 levels were reduced in follicles containing oocytes that failed fertilization or produced zygotes with cleavage arrest before or at the five- to eight-cell embryo stage. Therefore, in monkeys receiving rhFSH therapy alone without human chorionic gonadotropin administration, early prenatal androgenization reduced FF concentrations of E2 and A4 in association with abnormal oocyte development, without having an effect on P, testosterone, or dihydrotestosterone concentrations.


Vaccine | 2001

Birth of MHC-defined rhesus monkeys produced by assisted reproductive technology.

R. Dee Schramm; Ann Marie Paprocki; David I. Watkins

One of the best animal approaches for testing HIV vaccines is the challenge of vaccinated rhesus macaques with SHIV or SIV. Production of rhesus macaques in which all of the MHC class I and II alleles are known represents an opportunity to characterize the entire immune response to SIV and should be an invaluable resource for understanding pathogenesis and vaccine-induced immune responses. Unfortunately, there are few MHC-defined rhesus macaques available for vaccine research. Selective breeding supports the production of limited numbers of macaques that express particular MHC class I alleles. If both parents express the allele of interest, only three quarters of the offspring will express the same allele. However, assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer, can be used for production of MHC-defined macaques, expressing multiple MHC class I and II molecules for which SIV peptides, tetramers and ELISPOT assays exist. Here, we report the birth of MHC-defined rhesus monkeys produced by assisted reproductive technology. Continued improvements in assisted reproductive technologies in rhesus monkeys will enable us to develop a unique prototypic animal production program for the creation of MHC-defined and genetically-identical monkeys for vaccine research.


The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | 2002

Impaired Developmental Competence of Oocytes in Adult Prenatally Androgenized Female Rhesus Monkeys Undergoing Gonadotropin Stimulation for in Vitro Fertilization

Daniel A. Dumesic; R. Dee Schramm; Eric Peterson; Ann Marie Paprocki; Rao Zhou; David H. Abbott


Human Reproduction | 2002

Features associated with reproductive ageing in female rhesus monkeys

R. Dee Schramm; Ann Marie Paprocki; Barry D. Bavister


Human Reproduction | 2000

Birth of rhesus monkey infant after transfer of embryos derived from in-vitro matured oocytes: Short communication

R. Dee Schramm; Ann Marie Paprocki


Fertility and Sterility | 2002

Premature follicle luteinization as a paracrine regulator of androstenedione (A4) in prenatally androgenized (PA) female rhesus monkeys receiving follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) therapy for in vitro fertilization (IVF)

Daniel A. Dumesic; Rd Schramm; Eric Peterson; Ann Marie Paprocki; Rao Zhou; David H. Abbott

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R. Dee Schramm

University of Wisconsin-Madison

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Daniel A. Dumesic

University of Wisconsin-Madison

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David H. Abbott

University of Wisconsin-Madison

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Eric Peterson

University of Wisconsin-Madison

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Rao Zhou

University of Wisconsin-Madison

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Keith E. Latham

Michigan State University

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Ping Zheng

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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