Anna Nedoluzhko

The Coding Scheme for Annotating Extended Nominal Coreference and Bridging Anaphora in the Prague Dependency Treebank

The present paper outlines an ongoing project of annotation of the extended nominal coreference and the bridging anaphora in the Prague Dependency Treebank. We describe the annotation scheme with respect to the linguistic classification of coreferential and bridging relations and focus also on details of the annotation process from the technical point of view. We present methods of helping the annotators -- by a pre-annotation and by several useful features implemented in the annotation tool. Our method of the inter-annotator agreement is focused on the improvement of the annotation guidelines; we present results of three subsequent measurements of the agreement.

CoNLL 2017 Shared Task: Multilingual Parsing from Raw Text to Universal Dependencies

The Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL) features a shared task, in which participants train and test their learning systems on the same data sets. In 2017, the task was devoted to learning dependency parsers for a large number of languages, in a real-world setting without any gold-standard annotation on input. All test sets followed a unified annotation scheme, namely that of Universal Dependencies. In this paper, we define the task and evaluation methodology, describe how the data sets were prepared, report and analyze the main results, and provide a brief categorization of the different approaches of the participating systems.

Intensifying Verb Prefix Patterns in Czech and Russian

In Czech and in Russian there is a set of prefixes changing the meaning of imperfective verbs always in the same manner. The change often (in Czech always) demands adding a reflexive morpheme. This feature can be used for automatic recognition of words, without the need to store them in morphological dictionaries.

Projection-based Coreference Resolution Using Deep Syntax

The paper describes the system for coreference resolution in German and Russian, trained exclusively on coreference relations projected through a parallel corpus from English. The resolver operates on the level of deep syntax and makes use of multiple specialized models. It achieves 32 and 22 points in terms of CoNLL score for Russian and German, respectively. Analysis of the evaluation results show that the resolver for Russian is able to preserve 66% of the English resolver’s quality in terms of CoNLL score. The system was submitted to the Closed track of the CORBON 2017 Shared task.

Abstract Coreference in a Multilingual Perspective: a View on Czech and German.

This paper aims at a cross-lingual analysis of coreference to abstract entities in Czech and German, two languages that are typologically not very close, since they belong to two different language groups – Slavic and Germanic. We will specifically focus on coreference chains to abstract entities, i.e. verbal phrases, clauses, sentences or even longer text passages. To our knowledge, this type of relation is underinvestigated in the current stateof-the-art literature.

Across Languages and Genres: Creating a Universal Annotation Scheme for Textual Relations

The present paper describes an attempt to create an interoperable scheme using existing annotations of textual phenomena across languages and genres including non-canonical ones. Such a kind of analysis requires annotated multilingual resources which are costly. Therefore, we make use of annotations already available in the resources for English, German and Czech. As the annotations in these corpora are based on different conceptual and methodological backgrounds, we need an interoperable scheme that covers existing categories and at the same time allows a comparison of the resources. In this paper, we describe how this interoperable scheme was created and which problematic cases we had to consider. The resulting scheme is supposed to be applied in the future to explore contrasts between the three languages under analysis, for which we expect the greatest differences in the degree of variation between non-canonical and canonical language.

Productive verb prefixation patterns

Abstract The paper discusses a set of verbal prefixes which, when added to a verb together with a reflexive morpheme, change the verb’s meaning always in the same manner. The prefixes form a sequence according to the degree of intensity with which they modify the verbal action. We present the process of verb intensification in three Slavic languages, namely Czech, Slovak and Russian.

Bridging Corpus for Russian in comparison with Czech.

In this paper, we present a syntactic approach to the annotation of bridging relations, socalled genitive bridging. We introduce the RuGenBridge corpus for Russian annotated with genitive bridging and compare it to the semantic approach that was applied in the Prague Dependency Treebank for Czech. We discuss some special aspects of bridging resolution for Russian and specifics of bridging annotation for languages where definite nominal groups are not as frequent as e.g. in Romance and Germanic languages. To verify the consistency of our method, we carry out two comparative experiments: the annotation of a small portion of our corpus with bridging relations according to both approaches and finding for all relations from the RuGenBridge their semantic interpretation that would be annotated for Czech.