Anne Olhoff

Renewable Energy in the Context of Sustainable Development

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Adaptation in the context of technology development and transfer

Starting from a summary of key developments under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) related to adaptation and technologies, the commentary provides an initial review of the available literature relevant to adaptation in the context of technology development and transfer. It summarizes what technologies for adaptation are, how they relate to development, and what their role is in adaptation. It subsequently highlights a number of policy and research issues that could be important to inform future policy. The commentary has two key messages. First, it argues that informed policy decisions on technology development and transfer to enhance adaptation require systematic assessments of the findings in the theoretical and empirical literature. Second, in light of the potential for overlap between processes for adaptation and processes for technologies for adaptation, there is a need for coordination and exchange of information between the work under the Cancún Adaptation Framework and under the Technology Mechanism of the UNFCCC.

Tracking Adaptation Progress at the Global Level: Key Issues and Priorities

Abstract In recent years, and particularly since the 2015 Paris Agreement and the adoption of the global adaptation goal of “enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change”, the recognition of the global dimensions of adaptation has increased. This chapter explores the emerging global perspective on adaptation and the efforts to review the effectiveness of adaptation action as well as the overall progress in achieving the global adaptation goal. It begins by considering why adaptation is often perceived as local and the factors that have led to the increased attention to global dimensions of adaptation. It then discusses how this relates to the question of measuring adaptation progress and examines the challenges of developing appropriate approaches and metrics for this purpose. The chapter suggests some ways forward, focusing on three priority areas of action for advancing on a global adaptation framework under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): clearly defining the global goal and achieving conceptual clarity, identifying tracking criteria, and ensuring availability of necessary data.