Anoop Kumar Shukla

Surface water quality assessment of Ganga River Basin, India using index mapping

In this paper, an effort has been made to develop a methodology to integrate the Water quality index (WQI) with geographic information system (GIS) for an effective interpretation of the quality and health status of the Ganga River basin (GRB). GRB has been taken as a case study. The physical, chemical and biological analysis has been interpreted using WQI. Based on the results of the analyses, spatial distribution maps of selected water quality parameters were prepared using GIS platform. A significant degradation in the WQ of the stations located in the lower reaches of the river basin is observed. Allahabad is the most polluted station followed by Kanpur and Varanasi. The most inferior WQ with OIP value of 4.18 (polluted class) is observed in the pre-monsoon season of 2010 at Varanasi station. The OIP based on the individual index values was estimated giving the values in terms of pollution indices.

Identifying hot spots for stormwater harvesting and reuse in urban areas applying remote sensing, GIS and system optimization techniques

The target of sustainable water sensitive cities can be accomplished by re-configuration of current urban water systems. Stormwater speaks to a significant option for urban water source so as to minimize the load on crisp water assets, and to alleviate the environmental effect of urban stormwater runoff. Suitable site selection for urban stormwater harvesting is for the most part taking into account the acumen of water planners, who are confronted with the challenge of considering various socio-economic and technical components that impact the site aptness. To meet this challenge, the present work focused on developing an effective GIS based screening approach so as to identify the potentially appropriate stormwater harvesting sites in urban regions as a first attempt for then more comprehensive investigation. Initially, the concentration is on the suitability evaluation in view of the relationship between harvestable runoff and demand with the help of concept of accumulated catchments. The potential sites for stormwater harvesting were taken as drainage outlets of these accumulated catchments. With various screening parameters, the study is done for Dehradun city as with the increase in population thus causes imminent water crises in the city. In the study 28 potential stormwater harvesting sites are proposed out of which it can be further tune to 3 or 4 preferable sites. The quick identification of suitable stormwater harvesting sites can aid the planners in prioritizing schemes in regions that will have an enormous effect in the reduction of potable water demand.

Calibration of TRMM rainfall climatology over Uttarakhand State, India during 1998–2012

Short term rainfall climatology studies are essential for disaster management and planning in hilly areas. Uttarakhand State, India is prone to cloud burst and flooding events like one occurred at Kedarnath region in June 2013. Rain gauge stations are scarce and rainfall monitoring is difficult over this region due to rough terrain and extreme environmental conditions. Therefore, the available rainfall data is inconsistent with large historical gaps. Remote sensing based Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) provides reliable site specific rainfall information. This study aims in calibrating and validating TRMM 3B43V7 derived seasonal precipitation data with rain gauge derived measurements over the period 1998- 2012. Geographical information system and statistical indices viz. Correlation Coefficient (r), Mean Square Error (MSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are used for analysis. Results revealed good agreement (r=0.92) between TRMM and rain gauge measurements for Haridwar station with slight underestimation during rainy season.