Antoine Kazmierczak

TEM-89 β-Lactamase Produced by a Proteus mirabilis Clinical Isolate: New Complex Mutant (CMT 3) with Mutations in both TEM-59 (IRT-17) and TEM-3

ABSTRACT TEM-89 (CMT-3) is the first complex mutant β-lactamase produced by a clinical strain of Proteus mirabilis (strain Pm 631). This new enzyme, which has a pI of 6.28, is derived from TEM-3 and has a single amino acid substitution also encountered in TEM-59 (inhibitor-resistant TEM β-lactamase IRT-17): Ser-130 to Gly. TEM-89 hydrolyzed penicillins to the same extent that TEM-3 did but lost almost all hydrolytic activity for cephalosporins and, like TEM-59, was highly resistant to inhibitors.

EVIDENCE OF IN VIVO TRANSFER OF A PLASMID ENCODING THE EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE TEM-24 AND OTHER RESISTANCE FACTORS AMONG DIFFERENT MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

ABSTRACT The epidemiological study of several multidrug-resistantEnterobacteriaceae isolated from five patients demonstrated in vivo dissemination of a 100-kb plasmid encoding the extended-spectrum β-lactamase TEM-24 from a clonal strain ofEnterobacter aerogenes to different strains ofKlebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, and Serratia marcescens.

The ocular penetration of oral sparfloxacin in humans

The penetration of sparfloxacin into the aqueous humor after oral administration was studied in 28 patients undergoing cataract surgery. Each patient received a single, oral dose of 400 mg of sparfloxacin. In eight other patients scheduled to undergo vitreal surgery, multiple daily oral doses were administered for a total amount of 1,000 mg. The aqueous levels were (mean +/- SEM) 0.127 +/- 0.036 microgram/ml to 0.404 +/- 0.159 microgram/ml from two to 24 hours after ingestion. In the vitreous, the mean drug level was 0.840 microgram/ml (range, 0.480 to 2.060 microgram/ml), from 4.3 to 8.0 hours after the most recent oral dose. Blood samples obtained at the same time as vitreous and aqueous taps were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. These data demonstrate that therapeutic levels of sparfloxacin may be achieved in noninflamed, noninfected eyes undergoing cataract or vitreous surgery.

Biliary Tract Excretion of Ofloxacin in Man

SummaryThis study examined the biliary tract excretion of ofloxacin in 6 post-cholecystectomy patients with a T-tube inserted into the common duct (group A) and 6 patients during cholecystectomy (group B). The patients were given 7 oral doses of ofloxacin 200mg with a 12-hour interval between each dose. Blood and common duct bile samples were collected in group A at various time intervals after the first and the seventh dose. Blood, gallbladder wall, and gallbladder and common duct bile were collected in group B during operation, 6 hours after the seventh dose. Assays were performed by use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In group A, mean serum Cmax and half-life were 2.6 mg/L and 7.6 hours after the first dose, and 5.3 mg/L and 8 hours after the seventh dose, respectively. Mean common duct bile Cmax and half-life were 6.5 mg/L and 7.5 hours after the first dose, and 12.0 mg/L and 14 hours after the seventh dose, respectively. In group B, mean concentrations (mg/L) were 2.6 in blood, 5.3 in gallbladder wall, 24.6 in gallbladder bile and 10.1 in common duct bile, 6 hours after the seventh dose. These data suggest that ofloxacin may be suitable for the treatment of biliary tract infections.