Antônio Américo Cardoso

Análise de trilha do rendimento do feijoeiro e seus componentes primários em monocultivo e em consórcio com a cultura do milho

Path analysis of grain yield (basic variable) and its primary components (explicatory variables) was worked in common bean in monoculture and intercropped with maize. In general, the results were similar in both cropping systems. Among the explicatory variables studied, only the number of pods per plot showed a good combination of path coefficient and correlation, both high, in monoculture and intercropped. It could be concluded that the character number of pods per plot has an important influence on grain yield, which may be of great value for genetic gains in this character, by indirect selection.

Considerações sobre duas metodologias de análise de estabilidade e adaptabilidade

Thirty one commercial maize hybrids were evaluated in the southern Mato Grosso State, Brazil, 16 being regular crop (1996/97) and 15 in the late of sowing (February ending and the beginnig of March, 1997) making possible analyses of stability and adaptability for each period. Each experiment was carried out in randomized block design with three repetitions. The metodologies of EBERHART & RUSSELL (1966) (univariate analysis), LIN & BINNS (1988) (univariate analysis) and modifications by CARNEIRO (1998) (univariate and multivariate analysis) were applied. Significant effects were verified for environment, hybrids, hybrids x environment interactions and combined deviations. The majority of the hybrids showed wide adaptability and good stability according to EBERHART & RUSSELL (1966) methodology. The methodology of b1iN & BINNS (1988) modified by CARNEIRO (1998) was more discriminant than EBERHART & RUSSELL (1966) and because of that, more efficient and suitable for analysis of stability and adaptability. The multivariate analysis allowed to understand better the performance of the genotypes being an important complemental tool in the genotype indication in agreement with their performance.

Correlation between high molecular weight gluten subunits composition and bread-making quality in Brazilian wheat

Bread-making quality is one of the most important targets in the genetic improvement of wheat. Although extensive analyses of quality traits such as farinography, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation, alveography, and baking are made in breeding programs, these analyses require high amounts of seeds which are obtained only in late generations. In this experiment the statistical correlations between the high molecular weight subunit of glutenin and bread-making quality measured by alveograph, farinograph and SDS sedimentation were evaluated. Seventeen wheat genotypes were grown under the same conditions, each producing about 1 kg of seeds for the evaluations. The high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Statistical correlations were highly significant between HMW glutenin subunits and alveograph and SDS sedimentation. These results indicate the possibility of manipulating major genes for wheat seed quality by coupling traditional breeding with non-destructive single seed analysis. Only half seed is necessary to perform the SDS-PAGE analysis. Therefore, the other half seed can be planted to generate the progeny. Seed yield and SDS sedimentation were statistically correlated, indicating the possibility of simultaneous selection for both traits

Growth and yield of potatoes in relation to method of application of Zn fertilizers and to fungicides containing Zn.

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of Zn fertilizer application methods and fungicides with or without Zn on potato plant growth, tuber yield and nutrient contents. The experiment was installed in the Horta Nova of the Universidade Federal de Vicosa with the Monalisa cultivar on a cambic Red-yellow Podzolic, containing 6.9 mg dm-3 of Zn extracted by Mehlich-1. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block with four replications in a split plot design. The fungicide spray programs (with or without Zn) were done in the main plots and the zinc fertilizer application methods (control, Zn in the soil, Zn sprayed on the plant shoots and Zn in soil + shoots) were in the split plots. Plant growth (stem lengths and numbers, shoot dry matter and tuber numbers) was characterized at 20 and 45 days after plant emergence. Following natural senescence, tubers were harvested, graded and weighted. At both sampling dates, plant growth was not affected by the treatments. Commercial tuber yield (44.2 t/ha) was higher in the plots receiving fungicides containing Zn and it was not affected by zinc fertilizer application methods. The treatments did not affect the P, Ca, Mg, Cu and Fe contents in the tubers but Mn and Zn contents were higher when plants were sprayed with Zn fungicides.

Crescimento e produtividade da batateira, em função do modo de aplicação do fertilizante e dos fungicidas contendo Zn

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of Zn fertilizer application methods and fungicides with or without Zn on potato plant growth, tuber yield and nutrient contents. The experiment was installed in the Horta Nova of the Universidade Federal de Vicosa with the Monalisa cultivar on a cambic Red-yellow Podzolic, containing 6.9 mg dm-3 of Zn extracted by Mehlich-1. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block with four replications in a split plot design. The fungicide spray programs (with or without Zn) were done in the main plots and the zinc fertilizer application methods (control, Zn in the soil, Zn sprayed on the plant shoots and Zn in soil + shoots) were in the split plots. Plant growth (stem lengths and numbers, shoot dry matter and tuber numbers) was characterized at 20 and 45 days after plant emergence. Following natural senescence, tubers were harvested, graded and weighted. At both sampling dates, plant growth was not affected by the treatments. Commercial tuber yield (44.2 t/ha) was higher in the plots receiving fungicides containing Zn and it was not affected by zinc fertilizer application methods. The treatments did not affect the P, Ca, Mg, Cu and Fe contents in the tubers but Mn and Zn contents were higher when plants were sprayed with Zn fungicides.

Potato plant growth and tuber yield as a function of Zn fertilizer application methods and Zn fungicides

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of Zn fertilizer application methods and fungicides with or without Zn on potato plant growth, tuber yield and nutrient contents. The experiment was installed in the Horta Nova of the Universidade Federal de Vicosa with the Monalisa cultivar on a cambic Red-yellow Podzolic, containing 6.9 mg dm-3 of Zn extracted by Mehlich-1. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block with four replications in a split plot design. The fungicide spray programs (with or without Zn) were done in the main plots and the zinc fertilizer application methods (control, Zn in the soil, Zn sprayed on the plant shoots and Zn in soil + shoots) were in the split plots. Plant growth (stem lengths and numbers, shoot dry matter and tuber numbers) was characterized at 20 and 45 days after plant emergence. Following natural senescence, tubers were harvested, graded and weighted. At both sampling dates, plant growth was not affected by the treatments. Commercial tuber yield (44.2 t/ha) was higher in the plots receiving fungicides containing Zn and it was not affected by zinc fertilizer application methods. The treatments did not affect the P, Ca, Mg, Cu and Fe contents in the tubers but Mn and Zn contents were higher when plants were sprayed with Zn fungicides.