Anuruddh Kumar

Finite element analysis of vibration energy harvesting using lead-free piezoelectric materials: A comparative study

Abstract In this article, the performance of various piezoelectric materials is simulated for the unimorph cantilever-type piezoelectric energy harvester. The finite element method (FEM) is used to model the piezolaminated unimorph cantilever structure. The first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and linear piezoelectric theory are implemented in finite element simulations. The genetic algorithm (GA) optimization approach is carried out to optimize the structural parameters of mechanical energy-based energy harvester for maximum power density and power output. The numerical simulation demonstrates the performance of lead-free piezoelectric materials in unimorph cantilever-based energy harvester. The lead-free piezoelectric material K0.5Na0.5NbO3-LiSbO3-CaTiO3 (2 wt.%) has demonstrated maximum mean power and maximum mean power density for piezoelectric energy harvester in the ambient frequency range of 90–110 Hz. Overall, the lead-free piezoelectric materials of K0.5Na0.5NbO3-LiSbO3 (KNN-LS) family have shown better performance than the conventional lead-based piezoelectric material lead zirconate titanate (PZT) in the context of piezoelectric energy harvesting devices.

Finite element analysis on active vibration control using lead zirconate titanate–Pt–based functionally graded piezoelectric material

The numerical simulations for active vibration control of the host structure using lead zirconate titanate–Pt-based functionally graded piezoelectric material are presented in this article. The material properties (both mechanical and electrical) of the lead zirconate titanate–Pt-based functionally graded piezoelectric material are graded in the thickness direction according to the volume fraction power law distribution. The finite element modeling using first-order shear deformation theory is implemented to predict static and dynamic responses of the vibrating structure. A constant negative velocity feedback controller is designed to provide closed-loop feedback control. Both static and dynamic controls of the host structure are numerically simulated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed lead zirconate titanate–Pt-based functionally graded piezoelectric material. The numerical results show significant variation in sensing and actuating capability up to a certain volume fraction index (n).

Piezoelectric materials selection for sensor applications using finite element and multiple attribute decision-making approaches

This paper examines the selection and performance evaluation of a variety of piezoelectric materials for cantilever-based sensor applications. The finite element analysis method is implemented to evaluate the relative importance of materials properties such as Youngs Modulus (E), piezoelectric stress constants (e31), dielectric constant (e) and Poissons ratio (υ) for cantilever-based sensor applications. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to assign weights to the properties that are studied for the sensor structure under study. A technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is used to rank the performance of the piezoelectric materials in the context of sensor voltage outputs. The ranking achieved by the TOPSIS analysis is in good agreement with the results obtained from finite element method simulation. The numerical simulations show that K0.5Na0.5NbO3–LiSbO3 (KNN–LS) materials family is important for sensor application. Youngs modulus (E) is most influencing materials property followed by piezoelectric constant (e31), dielectric constant (e) and Poissons ratio (υ) for cantilever-based piezoelectric sensor applications.

Performance of lead-free piezoelectric materials in cantilever-based energy harvesting devices

Energy harvesting is one of the emerging applications of piezoelectric materials. In order to replace conventional lead-based materials with lead-free materials, it is important to evaluate their performance for such applications. In the present study, finite element method-based simulation shows mean power density produced from (K0.475Na0.475Li0.05)(Nb0.92Ta0.05Sb0.03)O3 add with 0.4 wt.% CeO2 and 0.4 wt.% MnO2 (KNLNTS) bimorph is 96.64% of lead zirconate titanate (Pb [ZrxTi1-x] O3) (PZT) ceramics. Load resistance (R), length of proof mass (Lm) and thickness of host layer (th) are optimized (using genetic algorithm) for maximum power density and tuning the operating frequency range which is near to natural frequency of the structure. The lead-free piezoelectric material KNLNTS has comparable results to that of PZT for piezoelectric energy harvester in the ambient frequency range of 90 Hz to 110 Hz. Results show that KNLNTS ceramics can be potentially used in energy harvesting devices.

Performance of K0.5Na0.5NbO3-LiSbO3-CaTiO3 ceramics in acoustic energy harvesting exposed to sound pressure

ABSTRACT In this paper, a numerical investigation is carried out for K0.5Na0.5NbO3-LiSbO3-CaTiO3 ceramics for harvesting low frequency sound. For the numerical simulation, a quarter wavelength straight tube resonator with a rectangular cross section was modelled and piezoelectric laminated cantilever bimorph plates placed inside the system at uniform distance. With the application of acoustic sound pressure of a resonant frequency at the opening of tube resonator, the amplified acoustic pressure inside the tube vibrates piezolaminated bimorph plates placed inside the tube, thus generating a voltage on the surface of the piezoelectric layer. In order to generate more voltage and power in the acoustic harvesting system, multiple piezolaminated cantilever plates are placed inside the straight tube resonator. The lead-free piezoelectric material of K0.5 Na0.5 NbO3 (KNN) family i.e. K0.5Na0.5NbO3-LiSbO3-(2wt %) CaTiO3 (KNN-LS-CT) was explored as a piezoelectric material for the acoustic energy harvesting system. With the application of acoustic sound pressure of 1dB at the opening of the tube, an output voltage of maximum 3.8 V is measured numerically at resonant frequency of 194 Hz while the maximum power calculated is 2 µW. The numerical results reveal the potential of the lead-free piezoelectric materials for acoustic energy harvesting applications.

Modelling of fracture process in annealed sheet of AISI 202 stainless steel

Stainless steel is often used in rolled strips and sheets for many metal forming operations. The hot and cold rolled sheets are subjected to annealing treatment to relieve the internal stress and eliminate any anisotropy in the alloy. The anisotropic effects in strips or sheets are reported to be highly detrimental to sheet forming and deep drawing operations. However, the annealing treatment must ensure that no recrystallized texture reappears after annealing. This paper attempts to examine the effect of sheet orientation on the fracture mechanism in the annealed sheet of AISI 202 grade alloy as an extension of earlier work. The results of microfractographic investigation are integrated to establish an empirical model of the fracture process in the alloy and explain the anisotropic effects in the ductility of the alloy as reported earlier.

Finite Element Study on Performance of Piezoelectric Bimorph Cantilevers Using Porous/Ceramic 0–3 Polymer Composites

Finite element analysis of 0–3 composites made of piezoceramic particles and pores embedded in polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) has been carried out. The representative volume element (RVE) approach was used to calculate the effective elastic and piezoelectric properties of the periodic isotropic 0–3 piezoelectric composites. It was observed that the elastic and piezoelectric properties increased with the volume fraction of

Smart damping of functionally graded nanotube reinforced composite rectangular plates

{\hbox{K}}_{0.475} {\hbox{Na}}_{0.475} {\hbox{Li}}_{0.05} \left( {{\hbox{Nb}}_{0.92} {\hbox{Ta}}_{0.05} {\hbox{Sb}}_{0.03} } \right){\hbox{O}}_{3}