Apostolos Matiakis

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Diagnosed by Intra-Oral Myeloid Sarcoma. A Case Report

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare extramedullary malignant tumor composed of immature myeloid cells. It is strongly associated with a well known or covert acute myeloid leukaemia, chronic myeloproliferative diseases or myelodysplastic syndromes. Intraoral MS scarcely occurs. An unusual case of acute myeloid leukaemia, which was diagnosed by mandibular MS that was developed in the alveolar socket after a dental extraction, is reported. The histological examination (including immunohistochemical analysis) of a subsequent biopsy showed infiltration of the oral mucosa by neoplastic cells. This lesion was therefore classified as acute myeloid leukaemia. The patient was referred to oncologists that confirmed the initial diagnosis. The patient underwent chemotherapy and the mandibular tumor disappeared. Forty days later, a relapse of the disease, which appeared as a great-ulcerated lesion, was developed in the hard palate. Thirty days after the second chemotherapy had finished, a new intraoral tumor was developed in the vestibular maxillary gingiva. Review of the literature shows no report of intraoral relapse and particularly multiple relapse of a MS that involves the oral cavity. Even though MS is encountered infrequently in the oral cavity, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of conditions (especially tumors) with a similar clinical appearance.

Hereditary Angioedema: Three Cases Report, Members of the Same Family

ABSTRACT Background This current clinical case report highlights three cases of Hereditary angioedema (HAE) patients who are all members of the same family (father and his two daughters). The father has C1–INH deficiency, while his daughters have low C1–INH levels: the first possesses only 10% function and the second has low C1–INH level with 0% function. Of note, the second daughter was discovered to have HAE at the age of 2, thus making her the youngest known HAE case report in the English literature. Methods Assess the efficacy of administration of C1-INH before dental operation as regards the prevention of HAE episode, when total or partial C1-INH deficiency exist Results Acute angioedema leading to laryngeal oedema is a possibly fatal complication for HAE patients undergoing dental procedures. Use of both short-term and long-term HAE prophylaxis prior to dental operations might be life saving for those patients. Conclusions Prevention and early recognition of potential laryngeal oedema that can occur as a complication of dental procedures may be lifesaving for HAE patients.

Angioleiomyoma of the oral cavity: a case report and brief review of the literature

This study presents a case of an oral angioleiomyoma along with its clinical diagnostic approach and laboratory confirmation. The differential diagnosis, especially from angioleiomyosarcoma, is also included. A 51-year-old patient presented with a tumor-like lesion on his upper labial mucosa. The clinical examination revealed a benign lesion that was surgically removed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the diagnosis of an oral angioleiomyoma. The post-surgical period was uneventful. No recurrence had occurred after a year of follow-up surveillance. Oral angioleiomyoma is a very rarely occurring oral lesion. Clinically, it may mimic some benign lesions, including fibroma, pyogenic granuloma or minor salivary gland tumor. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Histological and immunohistochemical examination can confirm the diagnosis. The differential diagnosis is crucial to rule out angioleiomyosarcoma.

Oral Lipoma Located at the Left Lower Vestibule- Report of a Case and a Brief Review of the Literature

Summary Backround/Aim: The present paper focuses on examining a case report of an oral lipoma located at the left lower vestibule. Case report: The patient’s clinical state was thoroughly studied, along with the findings of histopathological examinations. The surgical treatment and postoperative course are also within the scope of this report. Numerous histogenesis theories and the appropriate tumor treatment are mentioned within the article, being always in accordance with the relative literature. Conclusions: Oral lipoma is a benign not very rare neoplasm, which occurs most commonly in adult males. The surgical excision is the treatment of choice. The diagnosis must always be established by histological examination.

Oral Granular Cell Tumor: Report of Case Series and a Brief Review of the Literature

Summary Background/Aim: The present analysis focuses on examining a case series of eight patients diagnosed with a granular cell tumor located in the oral cavity. Case series: The patients’ clinical states were thoroughly studied, along with the histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations findings. Their surgical treatment and postoperative course are also within the scope of this analysis. Numerous histogenesis theories and the appropriate tumor treatment are mentioned within the article being always in accordance with the relative literature. Conclusions: Oral granular cell tumor is a benign oral disease of possible neural origin commonly located on the tongue. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. In any case, histological and immunohistochemical examination confirm both the clinical diagnosis and the differential diagnosis between oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Peripheral Gingiva Giant Cell Granuloma: A Differential Diagnosis Approach among Gingival Overgrowths: A Case Report and a Brief Review of the Literature

Summary Peripheral giant cell granuloma is the most common jaw located giant cell lesion. It originates from periosteum or from periodontal membrane as a response to local irritation or chronic trauma. It appears as a firm, soft or elastic nodule, sessile or pedunculated. Early and accurate diagnosis leads to sufficient management, minimizing possible damage of the adjacent tissues. This article reports the management of a peripheral giant cell granuloma in a 40-year-old male patient.

Oral Ulceration Due to Methotrexate Treatment: A Report of 3 Cases and Literature Review

SUMMARY Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolite which interferes with DNA synthesis. It is used for the treatment of many diseases, such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and various neoplastic diseases. It may cause, among various adverse reactions, oral ulceration and oral mucositis. 3 cases of methotrexate related oral ulcers are reported along with a brief review of the relevant literature.

Angiofibrolipoma of the oral cavity

We describe an unusual and rare case of a lipoma variant known as angiofibrolipoma. A literature search revealed only a few cases of angiofibrolipoma which were located in different anatomical sites; no case of angiofibrolipoma in the oral cavity has been previously reported. We present and discuss the histopatholological-immunohistological findings and features. Angiofibrolipoma histologically consists of mature adipocytes, blood vessels, and bundles of collagenous connective tissue with low to moderate cellularity. It is not encapsulated, but is histologically distinct from surrounding tissue. Positive immunohistological staining with CD-34 presented a large number of blood vessels of different sizes located between collagen fibers and adipocytes. The treatment of choice for a patient with angiofibrolipoma is surgical excision, which is expected to be curative.