Ari Viinikainen

Performance evaluation of the flow-based fast handover method for Mobile IPv6 network

Mobile IPv6 provides comprehensive mobility management for the IPv6 protocol. It provides many benefits compared to Mobile IPv4, such as reroute optimization, protocol extensions and IP Security (IPSec). One problem still remains; the handover time is relatively long. This is a big problem at least in real-time connections. This paper presents a new method for faster handover in IPv6 networks, called Flow based Fast Handover for MIPv6 (FFHMIPv6), which uses the features of the IPv6 protocol and benefits from IPv6 traffic control.

Flow-based fast handover for mobile IPv6 environment - implementation and analysis

Mobility Support in IPv6 (MIPv6) has been approved by the Internet Engineering Task Force as the standardized solution for mobility management in the upcoming IPv6 network. However, the MIPv6 handover procedures result in a time, when the Mobile Node (MN) cannot receive or send data. In this paper we present the Flow-based Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 (FFHMIPv6) for fast redirection of the MNs downstream flows during the Care-of-Address registration (binding update) process and another method speeding up the upstream handover by using a special Hand-of-Address (HofA) during registration process. First, we have studied the FFHMIPv6 method combined with the use of HofA theoretically, followed by the Network Simulator 2 (ns-2) simulations. Finally the effectiveness of FFHMIPv6 method is verified in real Mobile IPv6 for Linux environment. The FFHMIPv6 method with the use of HofA has been found to be a simple and promising candidate for faster handovers in MIPv6 networks with only a few minor changes to the MIPv6 specification.

Flow-based fast handover performance analysis in mobile IPv6 for Linux environment

In this paper we present a performance analysis of a recently proposed method flow-based fast handover method for mobile IPv6 (FFHMIPv6) in a real mobile IPv6 environment. The FFHMIPv6 uses the flow-state information and encapsulation to reduce the packet loss during the location update processes of mobile IPv6. In the experiments, the FFHMIPv6 handover is compared with the mobile IPv6 handover using the MIPL-based (mobile IPv6 for Linux) real network scenario. The effect of the distance of the nodes MN is communicating with, VoIP traffic and the processing delay caused by the FFHMIPv6 method are considered in the experiments. Also, some security aspects of the method have been considered. The FFHMIPv6 method has been found to be an efficient and a simple way to reduce the handover delay.

Fast handover for upstream traffic in mobile IPv6

The minimization of downstream handover delay in Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) has been the target of many researchers. However, the handover delay in the upstream traffic has not been considered equally important. But for example, in Voice over IP (VoIP) or in Video Conference both traffic directions are of equal importance. In this paper we propose the use of a Hand-of- Address (HofA) to minimize the delay in a Mobile Node (MN)s upstream traffic flow in Mobile IPv6 based networks. By using a specific HofA the MN can send upstream traffic during the Binding Update (BU) process.

Adaptive algorithm for revenue maximization in WFQ scheduler

This paper presents adaptive algorithm for updating the weights of a WFQ scheduler. The algorithm provides maximum revenue for the network operator, while the QoS requirements for the connections in different service classes are satisfied. The operation of the algorithm is verified in ns-2 simulator environment. The simulations show that the algorithm works well with TCP traffic and provides appropriate service for all service classes.

Security analysis of flow-based fast handover method for mobile IPv6 networks

Flow-based fast handover for mobile IPv6 (FFHMIPv6) is a new handover method designed for mobile IP networks. The FFHMIPv6 uses the flow-state information and packet encapsulation to enable reception of packets simultaneously with the address registration process of mobile IPv6. Analysis and performance evaluation of FFHMIPv6 shows it handles the handover delay more efficiently than the basic mobile IPv6, hierarchical MIPv6, as well as fast handovers for MIPv6 handover mechanisms. However, if FFHMIPv6 is to be the primary mechanism for handover in mobile IP networks it has to be secure, efficient as well as reliable alternative to the existing handover mechanisms. In this paper, we present the security analysis and assessment of FFHMIPv6. We also recommend solutions to the identified security vulnerabilities and defense mechanisms to FFHMIPv6. The major security threat of FFHMIPv6 is related to the process of Flow-based fast handover binding update (FFHBU).

Optimized Pricing and Closed Form Algorithm for WFQ Scheduling

The quality of future network services can be guaranteed with appropriate pricing and packet scheduling schemes. In this paper a closed form formula for updating adaptive weights of a packet scheduler is derived from a revenue-based optimization problem. The algorithm ensures bandwidth as a quality of service (QoS) requirement and optimizes revenue of the network service provider. We derive and prove the guaranteed bandwith and revenue optimization algorithm which has been tested with NS-2 simulations. The weight updating algorithm is implemented with a network simulator to compute the weights of a WFQ scheduler and compared to constant weights.

Machine learning classification model for Network based Intrusion Detection System

With an enormous increase in number of mobile users, mobile threats are also growing rapidly. Mobile malwares can lead to several cybersecurity threats i.e. stealing sensitive information, installing backdoors, ransomware attacks and sending premium SMSs etc. Previous studies have shown that due to the sophistication of threats and tailored techniques to avoid detection, not every antivirus system is capable of detecting advance threats. However, an extra layer of security at the network side can protect users from these advanced threats by analyzing the traffic patterns. To detect these threats, this paper proposes and evaluates, a Machine Learning (ML) based model for Network based Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS). In this research, several supervised ML classifiers were built using data-sets containing labeled instances of network traffic features generated by several malicious and benign applications. The focus of this research is on Android based malwares due to its global share in mobile malware and popularity among users. Based on the evaluation results, the model was able to detect known and unknown threats with the accuracy of up to 99.4%. This ML model can also be integrated with traditional intrusion detection systems in order to detect advanced threats and reduce false positives.

Bandwidth allocation and pricing in multimode network

This paper presents adaptive resource sharing model that uses a revenue criterion to allocate network resources in an optimal way. The model ensures QoS requirements of data flows and, at the same time, maximizes the total revenue by adjusting parameters of the underlying scheduler. Besides, the adaptive model eliminates the need to find the optimal static weight values because they are calculated dynamically. The simulation consists of several cases that analyse the model and the way it provides the required QoS guarantees. The simulation reveals that the installation of the adaptive model increases the total revenue and ensures the QoS requirements for all service classes

NFSK/LPSK modulation scheme for EDGE

The data transmission speed of GSM can be in- creased with the use of EDGE, improving the spectral efficiency of the system at the expense of power efficiency. However, in some applications, in addition to good spectral efficiency, good power efficiency is also needed. In this paper, we propose the use of a spectral and power efficient modulation scheme, a combination of frequency and phase modulation NFSK/LPSK to improve the performance of the GSM EDGE system. We compare by simulation 2FSK/8PSK modulation scheme to 8PSK in the EDGE system with turbo coding and decoding. 2FSK/8PSK modulation scheme achieves similar Bit Error Rate (BER) performance as 8PSK in the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel and in severe Intersymbol Interference (ISI) channels 2FSK/8PSK performs a few dB worse than 8PSK. However, the data rate is of 2FSK/8PSK is 33% higher.