Arnaldo Nonato P de Oliveira

Rendimento do inhame adubado com esterco bovino e biofertilizante no solo e na folha

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yam yield, cultivar Da Costa, fertilized with bovine manure doses and biofertilizer. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in subdivided plots 6 x 2 + 1 with three repetitions. In plots six doses of cattle manure (0; 6; 12; 18; 24 and 30 t ha-1) were tested, factorially combined with the presence and absence of biofertilizer and in subplots, two forms of application of biofertilizer in the soil and by spray on the leaf and an additional treatment with conventional fertilization (animal manure and NPK). The doses of 30 t ha-1 of bovine manure and the biofertilizer which was applied in the soil and leaf produced tubers with ideal average weight for the commercialization. The bovine manure in doses of 19.2 t ha-1 and in the absence of biofertilizer provided maximum productivity of 20.3 t ha-1 of commercial tubers. Subplots in which the biofertilizer was applied to the soil and leaf, the dose of 30 t ha-1 of cattle manure was responsible, respectively, for maximum yields of 22.8 and 24 t ha-1 of commercial tubers. The organic and conventional fertilizations did not cause any significant change in the mean tuber weight, but the conventional fertilization increased the productivity of commercial tuber.

Yield of gherkin in response to doses of bovine manure

Considering the importance of gherkin in Northeastern Brazil, studies focusing on increasing its quality and yield are powerful tools to improve people social and economical condition in this region. The effects of doses of bovine manure were evaluated in gherkin yield in an experiment using cultivar Nordestino, from May to September 2006, at the Federal University of Paraiba, in Areia County, Paraiba State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks, with five treatments (0; 10; 20; 30, and 40 t ha-1) of bovine manure, in four replications. The working area in each experimental plot corresponded to 80 m2, including 20 plants, with 2.0 x 2.0 m spaces. The highest number of fruits per plant (30) was achieved with 32.2 t ha-1 of bovine manure. Both fruit production per plant and fruit yield increased with doses of bovine manure, with maximum values of respectively 1,306 g and 19.5 t ha-1, when 40 t ha-1 of bovine manure were used.

Rendimento de feijão-vagem em função de doses de K2O

Aiming to evaluate the effect of K2O levels on the increase of snap bean yield, an experiment was performed in Paraiba State, Brazil, in a Quartz Psamment soil. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with six treatments (0; 50; 100; 150; 200 and 250 kg ha-1 of K2O), in four replications. Each plot contained 40 plants spaced 1.0 m x 0.2 m. Pods maximum number/plant (20 pods) and the maximum yield/plant (171 g), were obtained, respectively with 145 and 173 kg ha-1 of K2O, and pods yield reached maximum value around 25,3 t ha-1 at the level of 171 kg ha-1 of K2O. The most economic level of K2O for the production of pods was of 165 kg ha-1. The most economic level represented 96% comparing to that responsible for maximum pods production. The K2O levels that obtained maximum pods production and economic return were correlated, respectively, with 181 and 176 mg dm-3 of K available for the extractor Mehlich 1.

Lima beans production and economic revenue as function of organic and mineral fertilization

Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.) are alternative food and income sources for the population of Northeastern Brazil. In this region, lima beans are consumed either as green or dry grains. However, low yields have been observed, a challenge that could be overcome by adequate organic and mineral fertilization. This work intended to assess lima beans yield, cultivar Raio de Sol, as affected by doses of cattle manure in the presence and absence of mineral NPK fertilization. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil, from September, 2004 to May, 2005. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with four replications, 40-plant plots, spaces of 1.00 x 0.50 between and within rows, respectively. Treatments were displayed in a 6 x 2 factorial, corresponding to manure doses (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 t ha-1) and presence and absence of NPK. Green and dry grain, and pod yields were analysed, as well as the economic revenue for pods and dry grains. To measure the economic efficiency, pods and dry grains were employed as the exchange units. Maximum pod yields (12.6 and 11.2 t ha-1) were achieved with 21.4 and 23 t ha-1 of manure, with and without NPK, respectively. Highest green grain yields (11.1 and 9.9 t ha-1) were obtained with 21.3 and 22.9 t ha-1 of manure, with and without NPK, respectively. The highest yield of dry grains (3.5 t ha-1) was obtained with 26.6 t ha-1 of manure combined with NPK. In the absence of NPK, the use of cattle manure resulted in an average dry grain yield of 2.0 t ha-1. The maximum economic efficiency for pod production was reached with 17 and 18.6 t ha-1 of manure, with predicted net incomes of 2.88 and 3.36 t ha-1 of pods, in the presence and absence of NPK, respectively. For dry grains, the maximum economic efficiency was achieved with 23 t ha-1 of manure, in the presence of NPK, which produced a net revenue of 2.12 t ha-1 of dry grains.

Desempenho de genótipos de coentro em Areia

Seven coriander genotypes were evaluated (lines HTV 9299, HTV 7299, HTV 0699, HTV 0999,HTV 0199 and cvs. Verdao and Palmeira), in Areia County, Paraiba State, Brazil, from May to July of 2003 in randomized blocks in four replications. Verdao (5,0 kg m-2) and Palmeira (4,3 kg m-2) cultivars and the lines HTV 9299 (4,4 kg m-2), HTV 7299 (4,5 kg m-2) and HTV 0999 (4,3 kg m-2), exhibited the greatest yield of green mass (GM), while the line HTV 0199, with 2.9 kg m-2 of GM, showed the lowest yield. Lines HTV 7299 (0.73) and HTV 0199 (0.81) presented the largest values for the ratio leaves:stalks. Verdao and Palmeira cultivars and lines HTV 7299, HTV 0999, HTV 0699 and 9299 persented 65; 58; 35; 29; 40 and 59%, respectively, of plant bolting (PB) at 42 days after sowing date, while Line HTV 0199 presented only 11%. Line HTV 7299 might be an alternative for coriander cropping in Areia.

Produção da batata-doce adubada com esterco bovino e biofertilizante

Objetivou-se avaliar a producao da batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) adubada com esterco bovino e biofertilizante, conduziu-se um experimento no periodo de Janeiro a Junho de 2004, em NEOSSOLO REGOLITICO, psamitico tipico, na Universidade Federal da Paraiba, em Areia-PB. O delineamento experimental empregado foi de blocos casualisados, com quatro repeticoes com os tratamentos distribuidos em arranjo fatorial 6 x 2, sendo seis doses de esterco bovino (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 t ha-1) e ausencia e presenca de biofertilizante. As parcelas foram constituidas por 80 plantas, espacadas de 80 x 30 cm. O numero de raizes comerciais por planta atingiu valores maximos estimados de 2,0 e 1,7 raizes, respectivamente, nas doses de 26 e 25 t ha-1 de esterco bovino na presenca e ausencia de biofertilizante. O peso medio de raizes comerciais da batata-doce aumentou com elevacao das doses de esterco bovino, atingindo na maior dose 360 e 224 g na presenca e ausencia de biofertilizante. As doses de 25,6 e 24,4 t ha-1 de esterco bovino foram responsaveis pela maxima producao total de raizes de 21,4 e 21,2 t ha-1, respectivamente, na presenca e ausencia de biofertilizante. As maximas producoes de raizes comerciais, 15,2 e 12,9 t ha-1 foram alcancadas com 25,5 e 21,3 t ha-1 de esterco bovino, na presenca e ausencia de biofertilizante, respectivamente.

Rendimento de maxixe adubado com doses de nitrogênio

The effect of increasing nitrogen doses was evaluated on the gherkin yield, cv. Nordestino. This study was carried out on the period from May to September 2006, at the Universidade Federal da Paraiba, in Areia, Paraiba State, Brazil, in an experimental design of randomized blocks with six treatments (0; 50; 100; 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 N) and four replications. Twenty plants per plot were used, on a spacing of 2 x 1 m. Fruit average mass, number and fruits production per plant, and yield of fruits were evaluated. Fruits average mass reached the maximum value of 21 g using the dose of 155 kg ha-1 of N. The maximum number (21 fruits) and the maximum fruits production per plant of gherkins (469 g) were reached with 153 and 187 kg ha-1 of N, respectively. The dose of 188 kg ha-1 of N was responsible for the maximum yield of 12.7 t ha-1 of fruits. For the highest maximum economic efficiency the dose of 183 kg ha-1 of N was responsible for the yield of 12.7 t ha-1 of commercial fruits, meaning a development of 9.4 t ha-1 in the fruits productivity, relative to N absence.

Produção de rizóforos comerciais de Inhame em função de doses de nitrogênio

O inhame (Dioscorea spp) e uma hortalica com expressivo consumo mundial e considerada cultura alternativa em expansao; porem, seu rendimento medio continua baixo, o que pode ser atribuido a adubacao ineficiente. Com o objetivo de avaliar o rendimento do inhame, cv. Da Costa, em funcao da adubacao nitrogenada, conduziu-se um experimento de marco a dezembro de 2005, na Universidade Federal da Paraiba, em Areia. O delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados com cinco doses de N (0; 50; 100; 150 e 200 kg ha-1), fornecidas em adubacao de cobertura, aos tres e quatro meses apos o plantio, com quatro repeticoes. O comprimento estimado de rizoforos foi de 32 cm obtido com 70 kg ha-1 de N, enquanto o diâmetro nao sofreu alteracoes significativas em funcao das doses de N, apresentado media de 7,0 cm. O peso medio dos rizoforos aumentou ate a dose estimada de 120 kg ha-1de N, com peso estimado em torno de 1,5 kg. A dose de 120 kg ha-1 de N, induziu a producao maxima de 19,2 t ha-1 e a dose economica foi 118 kg de N ha-1, com producao de 13,9 t ha-1 de rizoforos comerciais. O teor de N nas folhas apresentou resposta linear crescente a aplicacao das doses de N.

Características produtivas da batata-doce em função de doses de P2O5, de espaçamentos e de sistemas de plantio

Com o objetivo de avaliar a influencia da adubacao fosfatada, espacamentos e sistemas de plantio na producao de raizes de batata-doce cv. Rainha Branca, conduziu-se um experimento no periodo de fevereiro a julho de 2004 em um NEOSSOLO REGOLITICO Psamitico tipico, textura areia-franca, na Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Areia-PB. O delineamento experimental empregado foi de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdivididas com quatro repeticoes. Nas parcelas, foram testados vinte tratamentos formados por cinco doses de P2O5 (0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 kg ha-1), combinado fatorialmente com quatro espacamentos entre plantas (0,20, 0,30, 0,40 e 0,50 m) por 0,80 m entre linhas; e nas subparcelas, dois sistemas de plantio (uma e duas ramas/cova). A maior producao de raizes comerciais/planta (662 g) foi obtida no sistema de plantio com uma rama/cova, no espacamento de 0,80 m x 0,50 m (25.000 plantas ha-1), na dose estimada de 180 kg ha-1 de P2O5, enquanto que a menor (108 g), no espacamento de 0,80 m x 0,20 m com duas ramas/cova, na ausencia de P2O5. A produtividade comercial de raizes de batata-doce, em resposta as doses de fosforo no sistema de plantio com uma rama/cova, foi de 18,7 t ha-1, obtida com 210 kg de P2O5 ha-1. No sistema de plantio com duas ramas/cova, essa produtividade foi de 18,9 t ha-1, alcancada com 231 kg de P2O5 ha-1. A maior produtividade de raizes comerciais em funcao dos espacamentos (19,64 t ha-1) foi obtida com 0,30 m entre plantas, no sistema de plantio com duas ramas/cova (83.330 plantas ha-1).

Gherkin yield influenced by spacing between rows and between plants in a row

The yield of the gherkin cv. Nordestino was evaluated with different spacings between rows and plants in a row in an essay which was carried out at the Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Brazil, from August/2007 to January/2008. The randomized block experimental design was used and the treatments were arranged in the factorial scheme 3 x 4 - three spacings between rows (1.0; 2.0; and 3.0 m) and four spacings between plants (0.5; 1.00; 1.5; and 2.0 m) - with four replicates. The experimental plot comprised four rows with ten plants in each one, totaling 40 plants, with one plant per hole. Two central rows were considered as the useful area. The evaluated variables were the average mass of commercial fruits, the number and production of the commercial fruits plant-1 and the commercial productivity of fruits. Setting 0.5 m between plants, all the characteristics under evaluation decreased as consequence of increasing spacings between rows. The highest values for average fruit mass (38 g), number of fruits (67 and 78) and productivity of fruits plant-1 (36 and 34 kg) were obtained at spacings of 2.0 and 3.0 m between rows and 1.0 m between plants, respectively. The highest productivities of commercial fruits (16 and 12.9 t ha-1) were obtained with 1.0 and 1.5 m between plants and 2.0 and 1.0 m between rows. On the other hand, the highest spacing between plants (2.0 m) reduced fruit productivity.