Arshian Sharif

Acceptance of mobile banking framework in Pakistan

Tasks & technology characteristics are significant to facilitate task technology fit.Initial trust is facilitated by structural assurance & familiarity with bank.Intention is affected by task technology fit, initial trust & facilitating condition. PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the untapped (behavioral, environmental and technological) dimensions of mobile banking acceptance by following a more comprehensive approach to address mobile banking intention adoption. Design/methodology/approachCFA and SEM analyses have been used to analyze the data collected from university students. The study strives to examine the role of technological and environmental variables in predicting behavioral intention of individuals to adopt mobile banking by integrating three pre-established frameworks of UTAUT, TTF and ITM. FindingsThe empirical findings established the significant contribution of task (TAC) and technology characteristics (TEC) in facilitating task technology fit (TTF). Initial trust is also found to be facilitated by structural assurance (SA) and familiarity with bank (FB). The statistical results also support the significant association of task technology fit (TTF), initial trust (IT) and facilitating condition (FC) with intention to adopt m-banking. Originality/valueThe present study provides an all-inclusive approach to understand the acceptance of mobile banking by incorporating three established theories of technology acceptance. The existing literature on mobile banking emphasizes greatly on the perception aspects of technology and hardly studies the impact of the task technology fit. The strength of present research lies in combining behavioral, technological and environmental aspects of mobile banking. This is evidenced by high explanatory power of our research model that depicted 60.1% of the behavioral intention to adopt m-banking compared to 31% by Kim et al. (2009) and 53% by Oliveira et al. (2014).

Tourism development and environmental degradation in the United States: evidence from wavelet-based analysis

The recent literatures indicate that the tourism development (TD) has significant influence over the environmental degradation of both high-tourist-arrival and low-tourist-arrival countries. This study investigates the empirical influence of TD on environmental degradation in a high-tourist-arrival economy (i.e. United States), using the wavelet transform framework. This new methodology enables the decomposition of time-series at different time–frequencies. In this study, we have used maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT), wavelet covariance, wavelet correlation, continuous wavelet power spectrum, wavelet coherence spectrum and wavelet-based Granger causality analysis to analyse the relationship between TD and CO2 emission in the United States by using the monthly data from the period of 1996(1) to 2015(3). Results indicate that TD is majorly having the positive influence over CE in short, medium and long run. We find the unidirectional influence of TD on CE in short run, medium and long run in the United States.

Does Tourism Sustain Economic Growth? Wavelet-Based Evidence From the United States

This study explores the relationship between tourism development and economic growth in high tourist arrival country such as the United States of America (USA) by adopting the wavelet transform approach using monthly data over the period 1996M01-2015M08. Three innovative techniques that are continuous wavelet, wavelet coherence power spectrum and wavelet based Granger causality that consider the decomposition of time-series at different time frequencies, are utilized to conduct the study. The results of autoregressive distributed lag and combine cointegration tests show that there is a significant long-run relationship occurs between tourism development and economic growth in USA. Furthermore, the results indicate that there is a unidirectional causal influence of economic growth on tourism development in the short-run whereas, in the long-run the opposite causal relationship is evident in USA. Thus it can be recommended that government needs to increase and promote tourism demand and further providing and nurturing the expansion of tourism supply with the advancement of economic growth.

Does democracy embolden economic growth in Pakistan? Evidence from ARDL bound testing and rolling window analysis

This study investigates the relationship between democracy and economic growth in Pakistan by using the annual time series data from the period 1972 to 2013. The ARDL bound testing cointegration approach, Johansen and Juselius cointegration approach and Gregory and Hansen structural break cointegration approach confirm the valid long-run relationship between democracy and economic growth. Results suggested that democracy, labour force and gross fixed capital formation have positive and significant impact on economic growth in both long run and short run. Results of generalised forecast error variance decomposition method under vector autoregressive (VAR) system suggested unidirectional causal relationship between democracy and economic growth in Pakistan. The present study may guide policymakers in formulating conclusive monetary and fiscal policies to increase economic growth in Pakistan and also get sustainable economic growth for long span of time.

Foreign direct investment and higher education development in Pakistan: evidence from structural break testing

This study investigates the relationship between foreign direct investment and higher education development in Pakistan by using the annual time series data from the period of 1972 to 2013. Results of autoregressive distributed lag-based coefficient model, fully modified ordinary least square method and dynamic ordinary least square method indicate that foreign direct investment has a positive and significant impact on higher education in long run and short run. Results of causality analysis suggest the unidirectional causal relationship of foreign direct investment and higher education development in Pakistan which runs from foreign direct investment to higher education development. It is concluded that foreign direct investment brings advanced technologies, which requires more skilled and managerial labour force. Similarly, the competition in labour market also increases with the entrance of foreign direct investment. Consequently, people go for higher studies to enhance their capabilities and to get the competitive edge in the labour market.

Higher Education Development and Unemployment in Pakistan: Evidence from Structural Break Testing:

This study investigates the relationship between higher education development and unemployment in Pakistan by using the annual time series data from the period of 1973 to 2013. The ARDL bound testing cointegration approach, Johansen and Juselius cointegration approach and Gregory and Hansen structural break cointegration approach confirm the valid long-run relationship between higher education development and unemployment. Results of long-run analysis indicate the negative and significant impact of higher education development on unemployment in Pakistan. Results of variance decomposition method confirm the valid unidirectional causal relationship of higher education development with unemployment in Pakistan. The direction of a causal relationship is run from higher education development to unemployment. Results of rolling window analysis show that the coefficient of higher education development has remained negative for last 15 years since 1999. It is clear from our findings that higher education commission plays an important role in creating the employment opportunities in Pakistan, which also leads to economic growth. It is recommended that policy makers should make policies to strengthen the higher education commission. Policy makers should make policies which are designed for promoting the fixed capital investments and increasing job opportunities.

Impact of tourism on CO2 emission: evidence from Pakistan

ABSTRACT This study investigates the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission–tourist arrival–growth in Pakistan by taking time series data from the period of 1972 to 2013. The study applied three approaches of co-integration (autoregressive distributed lag bounds test, Johansen and Juselius and Gregory and Hansen structural break test) to confirm the valid long-run positive interaction between CO2 emission and tourist arrivals. The robustness of cointegrating vectors is further checked using fully modified ordinary least square and dynamic ordinary least square tests and results validate the long-run coefficients. The results of variance decomposition method exhibit the uni-directional causality between CO2 emission and tourist arrivals running from tourist arrival to CO2 emission. It was therefore noted that policies which moderate the influence of tourism development to emission are necessary for reducing the harmful effect of tourist activities and also to increase the impact of tourism upon the economic growth. The study may guide policy-makers in formulating categorical energy and tourism development policies for sustainable growth for long periods.