Aryanti Kusuma Putri

Application of Sinusoidal Field Pole in a Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine to Improve the NVH Behavior Considering the MTPA and MTPV Operation Area

In this paper, various approaches to improve the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) behavior of a single-layer interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) are evaluated. The studied machine is used in electric vehicles and has a maximum output power of 53.6 kW. The acoustic noise of the electrical machine is mainly generated due to vibration of the stator yoke, which is caused by the radial forces acting on the stators teeth. The radial force is directly correlated with the flux density in the air gap. Through modification of the outer frame of the rotor, the composition of the air-gap field, which consists of the fundamental wave and its harmonics, can be modified. The distribution of the radial force density on the surface of the stator teeth will be affected and the dominant order of the radial force can be reduced selectively, which will improve its acoustic behavior.

Analysis and determination of mechanical bearing load caused by unbalanced magnetic pull

One common mechanical fault in electrical drives applied to industrial processes are related to bearing damage [1]. These faults can be brought forward by mechanical and thermal stress during the operation. This paper focuses on the radial electromagnetic forces, which are known as static and dynamic unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP), caused by rotor eccentricities. In particular in this paper the interaction of the rotor position and the amplitude of the static and dynamic eccentricity, the slot harmonics and saturation effects in the entire operational range of a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) are studied.

Hybrid acoustic model of electric vehicles: Force excitation in permanent magnet synchronous machines

In this work an integrated model for acoustic evaluation of electric vehicles is introduced. The paper focuses on the force excitation part of the model. The analysis is performed for permanent magnet synchronous machines. The excitation forces are placed on the stator teeth and calculated for a structure dynamic model of the power train. A model for the acoustic emission is adapted and finally the psychoacoustical behavior is characterized at the position of the driver of the e-car. An approach for the design of the rotor pole topology is introduced to ensure a beneficial acoustic behavior under consideration of air gap flux density and related force densities on the stator teeth. The calculation is performed using FEA simulation, but also analytical design methods are considered. Objective of this comparison is a very short computation time and therefore an efficient simulation process. The model is validated by measurements on test benches.

Permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine — Design guidelines to improve the acoustic behavior

The permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine (PMSynRM) is a type of permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) with the objective to provide high reluctance torque. This is realized by a particularly designed constellation of flux barriers in the rotor of the machine. Beside high efficiency and supplied power density, an acoustic evaluation of this machine is performed for various applications, for example in hybrid and electric vehicles (HEV, EV). A study for the acoustic design of a PMSynRM is presented in this paper. An approach to improve the magnetic circuit by varying the shape of the flux barriers is introduced. Using numerical simulations every operating point in the d-q-diagram is considered. The local force density in the air gap of the machine is calculated and analyzed with a 2-D Fourier Transformation. The results are used as analysis criterion.

Cost-oriented design of high speed low power interior permanent magnet synchronous machines

In this paper, the characteristic of interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) with concentrated windings is evaluated for three different rotor geometries. The reference machine is a fractional horsepower IPMSM with single-layer magnets (1-layered IPMSM). The maximum output power of the machine is 820 W. Based on the electrical properties and machine cost of the reference machine, IPMSM with two different rotor geometries are designed. The first one is an IPMSM with v-shaped magnets (VPMSM) and the second is an IPMSM with double-layer magnets topology (2-layered IPMSM). The machines are compared in two operating points: one in the base speed area and one in the field weakening range. The focus of the machine comparison are the parasitic effects due to the non-sinusoidal rotor field, e.g. back-emf harmonics, torque harmonics, radial force densities and iron losses.

Application of sinusoidal field pole in a permanent magnet synchronous machine to improve the acoustic behavior considering the MTPA and MTPV operation area

In this paper, various approaches to improve the acoustic behavior of a single layer interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) are evaluated. The studied machine is designed for the application in electric vehicles and has a maximum output power of 53.6 kW. The acoustic noise of the electrical machine is mainly generated due to vibration of the stator yoke, which is caused by the radial forces acting on the stators teeth. The radial force is directly correlated with the flux density in the air gap. Through modification of the outer frame of the rotor, the composition of the air gap field, which consists of the fundamental wave and its harmonics, can be modified. The distribution of the radial force density on the surface of the stator teeth will be affected and the dominant order of the radial force can be reduced selectively, which will improve its acoustic behavior.

Design of a Contactless Power Supply for Magnetically Levitated Elevator Systems Integrated into the Guide Rail

A contactless energy transmission system is essential to supply onboard systems of magnetically levitated vehicles without physical contact to the guide rail. This paper introduces a contactless power supply (CPS) where the primary is integrated into the guide rail of an electromagnetic guiding system (MGS). The secondary is mounted onboard the elevator car. The advantages of this system when compared to existing energy transmission systems are the low requirement of construction space and reduced costs.

Methods for hysteresis losses determinations at non-standard ring core geometries equivalent to Epstein measurements

The iron losses in electrical machines differ significantly from those of measurements using the standardized measurement method, i.e. by use of an Epstein frame. In order to obtain a better approximation of the losses in an electrical machine, several toroidal geometries were examined more closely. In the first step, according to the standardized method, a ring-geometry was chosen, which corresponds to the magnetic path length of the Epstein frame. Starting from this reference ring and by gradual reduction of the diameter, further ring cores were measured. Within this framework, different methods were used, in which e.g. the influence of axial height, length of the cutting edge relative to the area or the ratio of outer and inner diameter was investigated. In addition to the measurements, numerical calculations were performed. Here, the focus lies on the exploration of the field density distribution over the ring width with respect to the various methods. Taking into account for those processing effects with the highest impact, the smallest geometries of each method and the largest ring, acting as a reference, were studied in detail. The investigations on the toroidal cores of the methods were carried out at a frequency of 400 Hz and a target minimum polarization of 1.0 T. As a final outcome, a recalculation of an existing machine with the new parameters of a selected ring nucleus was done.

Hybrid Acoustic Model of Electric Vehicles: Force Excitation in Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines

In this paper, an integrated model for acoustic evaluation of electric vehicles is introduced. The paper focuses on the force excitation part of the model. The analysis is performed for permanent magnet synchronous machines. The excitation forces are placed on the stator teeth and calculated for a structure dynamic model of the power train. A model for the acoustic emission is adapted, and finally, the psychoacoustical behavior is characterized at the position of the driver of the e-car. An approach for the design of the rotor pole topology is introduced to ensure a beneficial acoustic behavior under consideration of air gap flux density and related force densities on the stator teeth. The calculation is performed using finite-element analysis simulation, but also analytical design methods are considered. Objective of this comparison is a very short computation time and, therefore, an efficient simulation process. The model is validated by measurements on test benches.