Aryn C. Karpinski

The Relationship Between Cell Phone Use and Academic Performance in a Sample of U.S. College Students

The cell phone is ever-present on college campuses and is frequently used in settings where learning occurs. This study assessed the relationship between cell phone use and actual college grade point average (GPA) after controlling for known predictors. As such, 536 undergraduate students from 82 self-reported majors at a large, public university were sampled. A hierarchical regression (R2 = .449) demonstrated that cell phone use was significantly (p < .001) and negatively (β = −.164) related to actual college GPA after controlling for demographic variables, self-efficacy for self-regulated learning, self-efficacy for academic achievement, and actual high school GPA, which were all significant predictors (p < .05). Thus, after controlling for other established predictors, increased cell phone use was associated with decreased academic performance. Although more research is needed to identify the underlying mechanisms, findings suggest a need to sensitize students and educators about the potential academic risks associated with high-frequency cell phone use.

A meta-analysis of the relationship of academic performance and Social Network Site use among adolescents and young adults

This meta-analysis explores the relationship between SNS-use and academic performance. Examination of the literature containing quantitative measurements of both SNS-use and academic performance produced a sample of 28 effects sizes (N=101,441) for review. Results indicated a significant negative relationship between SNS-use and academic performance. Further moderation analysis points to test type as an important source of variability in the relationship. We found a negative correlation between SNS-use and GPA, while a positive one for SNS-use and language test. Moreover, we found that the relationship of SNS-use and GPA was more strongly negative in females and college students. Meta-analysis on the relationship between SNS use and academic performance.Found a negative relationship between SNS use and achievement test.Found a positive relationship between SNS use and literacy test.Association of SNS use and GPA was only significant among college students.

Factor Structure of the Counselor Burnout Inventory in a Sample of Professional School Counselors.

This study tested a five-factor model structure with a sample of professional school counselors. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a modified five-factor model was the most appropriate. In addition, the levels of professional school counselors’ burnout differed from other diverse samples of counselors. Implications for professional school counselors are discussed.

Investigating the Dynamics and the Content of Customers’ Social Media Reporting after a Restaurant Service Failure

ABSTRACT This study investigates how the dynamics of service failures in restaurants influence customers’ attitudes and electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) intentions on Social Media (SM). This study explores the escalating service failure continuum, including failure types, failure severity, and recovery efforts. Study 1 examines the influence of the different failures on customers’ positive and negative eWOM intentions. The findings suggest that the prevalent path begins with escalation of service failures that leads to customers’ attitude and eventually influences customers’ negative eWOM intentions. Study 2 further investigates various negative eWOM contents in SM. The findings suggest that customers’ negative eWOM becomes more aggressive as the service failure escalates. Interestingly, results also suggest that customers hold restraint and self-control with aggressiveness of their negative eWOMs.

The relationship between Internet addiction and negative eWOM

ABSTRACT Customers prevalently use social media (SM) to post their experiences and to review others’ experiences. This study investigated how Internet addiction (IA) influenced customers’ word-of-mouth behaviors on SM after a service failure, focusing on both young and older customers. Two experiments were conducted. The first study was conducted with young customers and second experiment with older customers. Results suggest that the group of young customers had significantly higher levels of IA, compared to older customers. The analysis identified that IA and functional/technical service failure partially influenced four negative types of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) (i.e. Badmouthing, Tattling, Spite, and Feeding the Vultures). Both young and older customers tended to show more negative eWOM types for technical service failures. For the functional service failures, IA was the main predictor of negative eWOM for both young and older customers.

Feasibility, utility and symptom impact of modified mindfulness training in sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterised by noncaseating granulomatous inflammation of unknown aetiology. It may resolve spontaneously, but ∼30% of patients have progressive disease with significant organ damage [1]. Although any organ is vulnerable, the lungs are frequently involved resulting in shortness of breath and dry cough. Fatigue is an overarching symptom in sarcoidosis, originating from multiple and combined causes of mental fatigue and physical fatigue [2]. This is also true of the psychosocial impact of sarcoidosis, which may include depression, anxiety, isolation and feelings of uncertainty. The prevalence of these factors remains high even for those who achieve clinical remission, resulting in psychological distress and reduced health status [3]. A modified mindfulness-based exercise intervention has beneficial impact on people living with sarcoidosis http://ow.ly/XYTO30jtmms

Multidimensional fatigue in pulmonary hypertension: prevalence, severity and predictors

Pulmonary hypertension is a potentially fatal disease. Despite pharmacological advances in pulmonary hypertension, fatigue remains common in patients with pulmonary hypertension. A convenience sample of 120 participants at an international patient conference completed the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI)-20 scale. Data on New York Heart Association Functional Class, body mass index, oxygen use and medication type/use were also collected. There was a high prevalence of “severe” to “very severe” fatigue for each dimension: General Fatigue (60%), Physical Fatigue (55.8%), Reduced Activity (41.7%), Reduced Motivation (32.5%) and Mental Fatigue (27.5%). The mean±sd overall MFI-20 score was 58±5.1. Dimensions with the highest averaged levels were General Fatigue (13.40±3.61), Physical Fatigue (13.23±3.67) and Reduced Activity (11.33±4.16). Body mass index correlated with higher fatigue scores. Phosphodiesterase inhibitor plus endothelin receptor antagonist combination negatively predicted General Fatigue, Physical Fatigue, Reduced Motivation and Reduced Activity. Triple therapy was a significant predictor of General Fatigue, Physical Fatigue and Reduced Activity. There were no significant predictors of Mental Fatigue. Multidimensional fatigue is common and severe in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Phosphodiesterase inhibitor plus endothelin receptor antagonist combination resulted in lower scores in most fatigue dimensions. Comprehensive assessment of fatigue should be considered in the clinical care of patients with pulmonary hypertension and clinical research to develop formal interventions that target this disabling symptom. Fatigue is common and severe in PH, and impacted by medications; targeted strategies to mitigate fatigue are needed http://ow.ly/EISN30i0WWU

The histopathologic reliability of tissue taken from cadavers within the gross anatomy laboratory

The purpose of this study was to examine the histopathologic reliability of embalmed cadaveric tissue taken from the gross anatomy laboratory. Tissue samples from hearts, livers, lungs, and kidneys were collected after the medical students’ dissection course was completed. All of the cadavers were embalmed in a formalin‐based fixative solution. The tissue was processed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at six micrometers, and stained with H&E. The microscope slides were evaluated by a board certified pathologist to determine whether the cellular components of the tissues were preserved at a high enough quality to allow for histopathologic diagnosis. There was a statistically significant relationship between ratings and organ groups. Across all organs, there was a smaller proportion of “poor” ratings. The lung group had the highest percentage of “poor” ratings (23.1%). The heart group had the least “poor” ratings (0.0%). The largest percentage of “satisfactory” ratings were in the lung group (52.8%), and the heart group contained the highest percentage of “good” ratings (58.5%) The lung group had the lowest percentage of “good” ratings (24.2%). These results indicate that heart tissue is more reliable than lung, kidney, or liver tissue when utilizing tissue from the gross anatomy laboratory for research and/or educational purposes. This information advises educators and researchers about the quality and histopathologic reliability of tissue samples obtained from the gross anatomy laboratory. Anat Sci Educ 11: 207–214.

The impact of symptoms of anxiety and depression on subjective and objective outcome measures in individuals with vestibular disorders

BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression are common in individuals with vestibular disorders and anecdotally symptoms of these disorders have been associated with poorer scores on subjective outcome measures of dizziness and balance. It is unknown if symptoms of psychological distress impact individual outcomes with vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT). OBJECTIVE To compare subjective and objective outcome measures in subjects with vestibular disorders who have symptoms of anxiety and/or depression to those who do not exhibit those symptoms. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed at two outpatient vestibular rehabilitation clinics. Data recorded included demographics, scores on the Positive and Negative Affective Scale (PANAS), and subjective and objective outcome measures of balance and gait. RESULTS The PANAS scale was utilized to group subjects (N = 118) into two groups: Subjects with abnormal affect (SAA) (18.6%; N = 22) and subjects with normal affect (SNA) (81.4%; N = 96). Both groups demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in all outcome measures (p < 0.001) from evaluation to discharge. SAA subjects took longer than SNA subjects to achieve goals (p < 0.05). SAA subjects tended to have poorer outcome measure scores at both initial and final assessment, but this was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Results from this study indicate that VRT is effective in treating vestibular disorders in individuals with symptoms of psychological distress such as anxiety and depression. However, individuals with these symptoms may not achieve as high of outcomes as those that do not report symptoms of psychological distress.

Utilization of Database Marketing in the Private Club Industry

ABSTRACT The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of database marketing in private clubs. Additionally, it aimed to develop a list of preferences that would be beneficial to track and determine how satisfaction levels with the remembrance of preferences impacted overall satisfaction at home and reciprocal clubs. A mixed method approach involving a focus group of private club managers and a mail survey of members at three private clubs was used to achieve research objectives. Results indicated that database marketing is only starting to become prevalent in private clubs. Also, member satisfaction with remembrance of preferences did affect their overall satisfaction with the club. A list of member preferences that would be beneficial to track is presented.