Asaf Adi

Amit - the situation manager

Abstract.This paper presents the “situation manager”, a tool that includes both a language and an efficient runtime execution mechanism aimed at reducing the complexity of active applications. This tool follows the observation that in many cases there is a gap between current tools that enable one to react to a single event (following the ECA: event-condition-action paradigm) and the reality in which a single event may not require any reaction; however, the reaction should be given to patterns over the event history.The concept of situation presented in this paper extends the concept of composite event in its expressive power, flexibility, and usability. This paper motivates the work, surveys other efforts in this area, and discusses both the language and the execution model.

Complex Event Processing for Financial Services

Complex event processing (CEP) is an emerging technology for extracting information from distributed message-based systems. CEP is software used to create and deploy applications that process large volumes of incoming messages or events, analyze those messages or events in various ways, and respond to conditions of interest in real-time. This technology allows users of a system to specify the information that is of interest to them. This paper presents an over-view of complex event processing applied to the domain of financial services demonstrated using a CEP product called AMiT (active middleware technology). Two case studies (in the banking and the insurance industries) are introduced in order to demonstrate the special use of the CEP concept in the financial services domain and the advantages both on built-time and run-time. The various usages of CEP for BAM, messaging, decision-making in financial services applications express the increasing role of CEP in intelligent event-driven financial services solutions

Context awareness in Amit

This paper presents the context awareness capabilities of Amit. Amit is a tool that includes both a language and an efficient run-time execution mechanism, aimed at reducing the complexity of active applications. It follows the observation that in many cases, there is a gap between current tools that enable to react to a single event (following the ECA: Event-Condition-Action paradigm), and the reality, in which reaction is relevant only in certain contexts in response to patterns over event histories. Context awareness in Amit takes into account event information, time and location to introduce the concept of situation. The concept of situation is an extension of the concept of composite event in its context awareness capability; it results in additional expressive power, flexibility and usability.

Application Generation Framework for Real-Time Complex Event Processing

We propose to develop a framework which provides the ability to apply complex event processing in realtime domains, thus allowing an easier process of developing and maintaining specific solutions for real-time event-based systems, while upholding the real time requirements of the system. Specifically, we propose to develop a framework that includes an integrated development environment for defining rules, and, given a set of rules, generates code for a complex event processing application for which it is able to determine time bounds on the response of this application to a set of supported events. In particular, the tool helps determine a time bound for the execution time of the code corresponding to each rule. Many Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) applications, in domains such as financial services, manufacturing, gaming and military/aerospace, have real-time performance requirements. We present real-life industry use cases from these domains as motivation for the potential benefit in developing real-time complex event processing applications. In support of a feasibility argument for the proposed approach we present some preliminary experimental results obtained on a partially implemented tool.

Inference of reactive rules from dependency models

Reactive rules are rules that specify reactions to events. In some cases it is easier and more intuitive for users to define a dependency model representing an ontology. In this paper, we introduce the ADI model and its inference capabilities to run-time rule execution. We introduce a case study on eTrade and define the model building blocks exemplified by this case study. Then we show the specific rule language that is being used as the execution infrastructure. We explain the inference mechanism and its dynamic nature. The paper concludes with related work and a discussion about its utilization.

Generating real-time complex event-processing applications

We propose to exploit the technology for complex event processing (CEP) embodied in the rule-based engine known as IBM Active Middleware Technology™ and extend it to the development of real-time CEP applications. Specifically, we propose to develop a framework that includes an integrated development environment (IDE) for defining rules, and, given a set of rules, generates code for a CEP application and enables us to determine time bounds on the response of this application to a set of supported events. In particular, the IDE helps determine a time bound for the execution time of the code corresponding to each rule. The calculation of time bounds is based on a set of benchmark measurements to be performed on the target hardware and involves code segments corresponding to basic operations. Although we assume the code generation phase produces Java™ code, the same approach can be applied to any other suitable programming language. In support of a feasibility argument for the proposed approach, we present some preliminary experimental results obtained on a partially implemented tool.

Modeling and monitoring dynamic dependency environments

Enterprise modeling using data dependencies is common in monitoring and business performance management systems. The modern enterprise is a dynamic creature, constantly adapting itself to the changing environment. This adaptation may result in changes in enterprise components and data dependencies between them. An enterprise model must be able to express this dynamism, and business performance management services must be able to react accordingly. In this paper, we briefly introduce ADI (active dependency integration technology), a language for modeling data dependencies between entities. We discuss developments related to support in modeling dynamic environments, where elements may be added or deleted. Dynamism-related developments include the support of automatic dependency instantiation from an abstract dependency. The abstract dependency expresses a general pattern in the ontology, functioning as a template for dependency instances. Another aspect of dynamism is support for changes in existing dependencies rather than only creating new dependencies; for example, adding a new entity to a dependency. Changes in topology do not imply system redeployment. ADI also supports the influence of dynamism on data items and subsequent propagation of this influence through the model.

Emotion-awareness for intelligent vehicle assistants: a research agenda

EVA is describing a new class of emotion-aware autonomous systems delivering intelligent personal assistant functionalities. EVA requires a multi-disciplinary approach, combining a number of critical building blocks into a cybernetics systems/software architecture: emotion aware systems and algorithms, multimodal interaction design, cognitive modelling, decision making and recommender systems, emotion sensing as feedback for learning, and distributed (edge) computing delivering cognitive services.

Rules and Rule Markup Languages for the Semantic Web

Towards an Event-Driven Architecture: An Infrastructure for Event Processing Position Paper.- Enabling Semantic Web Inferencing with Oracle Technology: Applications in Life Sciences.- A Realistic Architecture for the Semantic Web.- Active Rules in the Semantic Web: Dealing with Language Heterogeneity.- Towards an Abstract Syntax and Direct-Model Theoretic Semantics for RuleML.- A Semantic Web Framework for Interleaving Policy Reasoning and External Service Discovery.- Reactive Rules-Based Dependency Resolution for Monitoring Dynamic Environments.- Towards Discovery of Frequent Patterns in Description Logics with Rules.- Design and Implementation of an ECA Rule Markup Language.- Extending the SweetDeal Approach for e-Procurement Using SweetRules and RuleML.- Using SWRL and OWL to Capture Domain Knowledge for a Situation Awareness Application Applied to a Supply Logistics Scenario.- A Semantic Web Based Architecture for e-Contracts in Defeasible Logic.- Merging and Aligning Ontologies in dl-Programs.- A Visual Environment for Developing Defeasible Rule Bases for the Semantic Web.- Flavours of XChange, a Rule-Based Reactive Language for the (Semantic) Web.- Rule-Based Framework for Automated Negotiation: Initial Implementation.- Uncertainty and RuleML Rulebases: A Preliminary Report.- Nested Rules in Defeasible Logic.- ContractLog: An Approach to Rule Based Monitoring and Execution of Service Level Agreements.- The OO jDREW Reference Implementation of RuleML.