Ashaq Hussain

Type 2 diabetes in rural and urban population: diverse prevalence and associated risk factors in Bangladesh

Aims  To describe differences in prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus with its associated risk factors between rural and urban populations in Bangladesh. Diagnostic criteria [fasting blood glucose (FBG) and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT)] were compared and reviewed for both populations.

PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AND DIABETES: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY FROM RURAL BANGLADESH

Aims  To determine the extent of depressive symptoms in a rural community of Bangladesh and its association with newly recognized diabetes.

Glucose tolerance in a rural population of Bangladesh.

CONTEXT: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing in the Bangladeshi population. However, there is little information available on the prevalence of glucose intolerance, ie, type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and impaired fasting glucose. AIMS: The main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of different categories of glucose intolerance and their relationship with different anthropometric and demographic characteristics. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This cross-sectional study was performed in a rural area of Bangladesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A random sample of 5000 persons aged ≥ 20 years was included in this study. Fasting blood glucose was measured in 3981 individuals and 2-h post-glucose blood glucose was measured in 3954 subjects after the known cases of diabetes (n = 27) were excluded. Height, weight, waist and hip circumference, and blood pressure were measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Pearson Chi-squared test and correlation test were used for analysis as appropriate. RESULTS: The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes (DM) were 1.3, 2.0, and 7.0%, respectively. IFG, IGT, and IFG + IGT were more prevalent in females. Age showed a significant positive relationship with increasing levels of glucose intolerance. Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio were higher in the glucose-intolerant group than in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group. There was a positive correlation between FBG and 2-h BG in NGT and DM subjects. CONCLUSION: The FBG value identified more people with glucose intolerance than the 2-h BG. These findings will help developing diabetes preventive strategy in rural populations.

Wake potential with exchange-correlation effects in semiconductor quantum plasmas

Using the non-relativistic quantum hydrodynamic model, wake potential has been studied in a magnetized semiconductor quantum plasma in the presence of upper hybrid wave which is excited via externally injected electron beam. The quantum effect contains electron exchange and correlation potential, Fermi degenerate pressure, and Bohm potential. It is found that the contribution of quantum mechanical electron exchange and correlation potential significantly modifies the amplitude and the effective length of the oscillatory wake potential. In the electron-hole plasma systems, electron exchange-correlation effects tend to increase the magnitude of the wake potential and are much effective at the distances of the order of Debye-length. The application of the work in context of the semiconductor plasmas have also been analyzed graphically.

HbA1c as a diagnostic tool for diabetes and pre‐diabetes: the Bangladesh experience

To evaluate HbA1c as a tool for the diagnosis of diabetes and pre‐diabetes (impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glucose) and to identify the optimal cut‐off values suitable for a Bangladeshi population.

Response of Sweet Corn Hybrid to Transplanting Dates and Nitrogen Levels under Temperate Conditions

The popularity of sweet corn is fast growing across India due to its sweet taste and high nutritional quality. Its consumption at immature stage as roasted and boiled ears is a popular practice as the kernels are sweet, creamy, tender, crispy and almost shell-less. The awareness about sweet corn in Kashmir valley is also growing gradually and may increase further with the growth in tourism industry. Abundant sunshine, moderate temperature and nearly pest free environment of Kashmir valley is suited for high quality and yield of sweet corn. Optimum sowing/transplanting dates is important to maximize the yield and also to sustain the supplies for a longer time keeping in view the perishable nature of the crop. Planting date is a major factor affecting the sweet corn International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 04 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

Assessment of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) awareness and practices in manufacturing sector of Pakistan

© 2017 The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved. Globalization and mass communication have significantly influenced the socio-economic growth of countries and organizations are under immense pressure to develop their businesses in a more socially responsible way. Consequently, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a business development concept. CSR acknowledgement is low in south Asian countries both at state and corporate levels. Pakistan, being a developing country, is no exception and the manufacturing sector, which is the third largest contributing sector to the economy, is facing the challenge of corporate social compliance. This study explores the awareness level amongst employees in the manufacturing sector and also evaluates the practices of CSR activities in these organizations. The study is mainly focused on the textile and automobile sectors and shows greater CSR awareness in the automobile sector than the textile sector; however, there are many organizations where the concept of CSR is unknown. The findings of this research will help organizations in enhancing understanding of CSR amongst employees and will also allow manufacturing industries to improve their implementation against identified weak areas. Increased levels of social compliance will ultimately help organizations in promoting their businesses in the global market.