Ashish Chauhan

Powder XRD Technique and its Applications in Science and Technology

The review presents a brief overview of advanced X-Ray Powder Diffraction Technique. It is an indispensable method of material investigation, characterization and quality control. It has many salient features and advantages that promote its wide range use. It has numerous applications that cater to industrial and academic research that ultimately enriches the growth and development of Science and Technology.

GC-MS Technique and its Analytical Applications in Science and Technology

GC-MS is highly effective and versatile analytical techniques with numerous scientific applications to cater the field of applied Sciences and Technology. This review elaborates the significant uses of this technique. It is a very useful for quality control, analytical research, impurity profiling and maintenance for human welfare and development.

Natural Fibers Reinforced Advanced Materials

The increasing environmental concerns and depletion of petroleum resources has forced the researchers around the globe to find new green and advanced materials. In present review, a particular interest was focused on composites, advantages of natural fiber over glass fiber and the effective use of lignocellulosic natural fibers as reinforcement in composites.

Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite: A Concise Review Article

Fiber reinforced composites were in use since ancient times. Due to the disadvantage of the synthetic and fiber glass as reinforcement, the use of fiber reinforced composite gained the attention of the young scientists. The review article explores the use of variable fiber as reinforcement in composites. With the advancement of science and technology the new means of characterization and evaluation of physico-chemico-thermo-mechanical properties of the composite have been used that have explored the new horizon of utilizing them for various applications.

Analytical Method Development and Validation: A Concise Review

Analytical method development and validation are the continuous and inter-dependent task associated with the research and development, quality control and quality assurance departments. Analytical procedures play a critical role in equivalence and risk assessment, management. It helps in establishment of product-specific acceptance criteria and stability of results.Validation should demonstrate that the analytical procedure is suitable for its intented purpose. Design of experiment is a powerful tool for the method characterization and validation. Analytical professionals should be comfortable to use it to characterize and optimize the analytical method. An effective analytical method development and its validation can provide significant improvements in precision and a reduction in bias errors. It can further help to avoid costly and time consuming exercises.

Thermo-Chemical Evaluation of the Roselle Graft Copolymers

In this paper, the morphological transformations in Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) stem fiber on graft copolymerization with Butyl acrylate (BA) and its binary mixture with Acrylic acid (AA) and Acrylamide (Aam), using ceric ammonium nitrate – nitric acid initiator system was reported. Different reaction parameters such as temperature, time, initiator concentration, monomer concentration and pH were optimized. The graft copolymers were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, TGA and DTA techniques. The percentage crystallinity and crystallinity index were found to decrease with the increase in percentage grafting. The swelling behavior of graft copolymers in methanol, n-butanol, water and dimethyl formamide was studied and screened for dye uptake behavior in 0.1% gentian violet dye for seven hours. The graft copolymers were found to be moisture, chemical and thermal resistant. These graft copolymers could be utilized for various advanced applications.

Thermal and Chemical Studies of Hibiscus sabdariffa-graft-(Vinyl Monomers)

In this paper, the thermal and chemical changes in Hibiscus sabdariffa stem fiber on graft copolymerization with methyl acrylate (MA) and acrylonitrile (AN) monomer, using a ceric ammonium nitrate – nitric acid initiator system, has been reported. Different reaction parameters such as temperature, time, initiator concentration, monomer concentration, and pH were optimized to get the maximum graft yield. The graft copolymer thus formed was characterized by FTIR, SEM, TGA, DTA, and XRD techniques. The swelling behavior of graft copolymers in methanol, n-butanol, water and di methyl formamide was studied and screened for dye uptake behavior in 0.1% gentian violet dye for seven hours. With increase in percentage grafting the percentage crystallinity, crystallinity index, and moisture absorbance were found to decrease whereas chemical resistance (against 1 N HCl and 1 N NaOH) and thermal resistance were found to increase for its various advanced applications.

Biodegradation of DDT

D.D.T. (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane) is one of the best synthetic pesticides. First synthesized in 1874, its properties were not discovered until 1939. It was used to control mosquitoes spreading malaria, typhus and other insect borne diseases among both military and civilian populations. After the war DDT was made available for use as an agricultural insecticide. It is an organo-chlorine insecticide highly hydrophobic, colorless, crystalline solid with a weak, chemical odor. It is nearly insoluble in water but has a good solubility in most organic solvents, fats and oils. DDT does not occur naturally, but is produced by the reaction of chloral (CCl3CHO) with chloro benzene (C6H5 Cl) in the presence of sulphuric acid, which acts as a catalyst. Commercial DDT is a mixture of several related compounds. It has significant amount of (15%). Dichloro-diphenyl-dichloro-ethylene (DDE) and dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethane (DDD).

Using the Advanced Analytical Techniques to Investigating the Versatile Cellulosic Graft copolymers

In this research paper, the cellulose rich biomass of Sorrel was graft copolymerized by vinyl monomeric mixtures. The graft copolymers were characterized by advanced analytical techniques like FTIR, SEM, XRD, TGA and DTA techniques and evaluated for physico-chemical changes in the properties of the modified fiber. With increase in the percentage grafting a significant physico-chemico-thermal resistance were observed. Miscibility in organic solvents, hydrophobicity were found to increase whereas crystallinity, crystallinity index, dye-uptake and hydrophylicity decreased after graft copolymerization, however, the cellulose form I remained unchanged. These graft copolymers were then used as reinforcement in phenol-formaldehyde polymer matrix based green composite. They were then characterized and evaluated for their physico-chemico-thermo-mechanical competence. The use of graft copolymers as reinforcement in polymer matrix is the best technique to procure green composite. The novelty of the work lies in the use of renewable waste biomass to procure the advanced material. These advanced materials could serve as pioneer for scientific and industrial applications.

Reprocessing the Natural Fibers to Procure Advanced Materials

Nature and natural resources has offered the mankind with precious gifts for survival and maintenance but with the ever increase in population, pollution and deforestation the sustenance of natural resources is in suspicion. A major part of the land on earth provides us with renewable biomass that mostly degrades with time. Graft copolymerization is a chemical technique to improve the properties of the waste biomass and modify its properties while sustaining the inherent trait. With the advancement of science and research many efforts have been made to modify and improve the synthesis, characterization and evaluation techniques for a better scientific and industrial achievements. The review explores a brief overview of this magnificent engineering, its types and factors that has helped to provides with outstanding results.