Asli Tanrivermis Sayit

Vascular leiomyoma of an extremity: Report of two cases with MRI and histopathologic correlation.

Vascular leiomyoma is a benign, usually solitary tumor arising from the tunica media of the vein. It can occur anywhere in the body wherever smooth muscle is present. These masses are commonly found in the uterus, urogenital tract and gastrointestinal tract but also less commonly in the extremities. They occur more often in the lower extremities than the upper extremities. Females are more affected than males and are generally seen in the third and fourth decades of life. We present magnetic resonance imaging, and histopathologic features of two pathology proven subcutaneous vascular leiomyomas of the hand and lower leg.

Efficiency of B-mode Ultrasound and Strain Elastography in Differentiating Between Benign and Malignant Cervical Lymph Nodes

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of ultrasonography (US), especially when combined with strain elastography (SE), in differentiating between benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes (LNs). Methods Forty-one LNs were examined by B-mode US, power Doppler US, and SE. The following imaging features were analyzed: shape, echogenicity, echogenic hilum, calcification, intranodal vascular pattern, elasticity scores (5 categories), and strain ratio. The average strain ratio was calculated as the mean strain of the adjacent sternocleidomastoid muscle divided by the mean strain of the target LN. The results of the US and SE features were compared with the histopathologic findings. Results The imaging features that were significantly associated with malignant LNs were an increased short-to-long axis diameter ratio, abnormal or absence of hilum, microcalcification, type 2-3-4 vascularity, 3-4-5 elasticity scores, and a high level of strain ratio (P < 0.05). The cutoff value of the strain index was detected as 1.18. According to this, there was a significant difference (P = 0.004) in the strain index between benign and malignant LNs. Conclusions Strain elastography is useful in differentiating between benign and malignant cervical LNs, thereby informing decisions to perform a biopsy and/or surgery, and facilitating follow-up.

Imaging of unilateral adrenal hemorrhages in patients after blunt abdominal trauma: Report of two cases

Adrenal hemorrhage following blunt abdominal trauma is extremely rare. Most of the lesions are unilateral and right sided. Although often asymptomatic, life-threatening adrenal insufficiency may develop in the bilateral adrenal gland hemorrhage. Isolated adrenal injuries are very rare. They are often associated with other organ injuries. The mortality rates of patients range from 7% to 32%. In this report, we present the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of unilateral adrenal hemorrhages in two patients with a history of fall from a height.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence of Varicella Zoster Virus Polyneuropathy: Involvement of the Glossopharyngeal and Vagus Nerves Associated With Ramsay Hunt Syndrome.

The involvement of lower cranial nerve palsies is less frequent in Ramsay Hunt syndrome caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV). The authors report 1 of extremely rare patients of radiologically proven polyneuropathy of VZV infection with magnetic resonance imaging findings of VII, IX, and X cranial nerve involvement is a 62-year-old female patient, who initially presented with Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Varicella zoster virus infection should be considered even in patients who show unilateral palsy of the lower cranial nerves associated with laryngeal paralysis. Thin-section T2W and T1W images with a contrast agent should be added to the imaging protocol to show the subtle involvement.

Is the Mean Platelet Volume in Patients with Acute Cholecystitis an Inflammatory Marker

INTRODUCTION Acute cholecystitis is an inflammatory disease of the gallbladder. Ultrasonography (US) is the initial and the most valuable method in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Also, laboratory findings are used to support the diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet (PLT) counts in patients with acute cholecystitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January to August 2014, the medical records of patients were reviewed for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. The study included 60 age-matched patients with acute cholecystitis and 60 healthy individuals as a control group. Patients with a chronic disease were excluded from the study. Over all, patients with acute cholecystitis and patients in the control group were evaluated for their MPV, PLT count, platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet crit (PCT) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in a complete blood count (CBC). RESULTS The MPV values were found to be significantly lower in the acute cholecystitis group when compared to the control group. The PDW and PCT were found to be significantly higher in the acute cholecystitis group when compered to the control group. When a correlation test was performed, MPV was negatively correlated with PLT and PCT counts. CONCLUSION US is the initial and the most important imaging method for diagnosing and evaluating the biliary system. Also, laboratory findings such as WBC, ESR and CRP support the diagnosis but may have some undesirable limitations. However, MPV is an acute phase reactant that does not require an additional cost because it is already worked in the CBC. Therefore, MPV can be used as a marker in diagnosing inflammatory diseases.

Unilateral right pulmonary agenesis in adulthood.

Congenital malformations of the lung, which may vary in degrees of severity, are very rare diseases. Pulmonary artery agenesis is a rare anomaly that may occur during the early involution of the proximal portions of the sixth aortic arch, during embryological development of the heart. This agenesis may be accompained by a complete or partial absence of the lung and its bronchus on the same side, which is diagnosed as pulmonary agenesis. In the great majority of the cases, the diagnosis is usually made at or soon after birth and it can be associated with multiple anomalies. However, extremely rare asymptomatic cases may go unnoticed until adulthood. We are presenting a patient with unilateral right pulmonary agenesis, who survived through adulthood without any symptoms and other congenital anomalies. The multislice computed tomography findings and differential diagnoses have been discussed.

Migration of intrauterine devices with radiological findings: report on two cases.

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are one of the most reliable and cheapest contraception methods. Our aims are to evaluate misplaced IUDs with radiological findings and to emphasise the importance of radiological imaging. We report two cases with radiological findings, one of complete migration to the abdomen without colonic perforation and one of partial migration to the bladder lumen with pregnancy. Uterine perforation and migration of IUDs are rare and undesirable complications. Suspected intra-abdominal IUDs can be evaluated with CT for precise localisation and possible complications without pregnancy.

Does Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Affect the Shear Wave Velocity of the Thyroid Gland of Children Without Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the shear wave velocity (SWV) of the thyroid gland with acoustic radiation force impulse elastography in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Materials and Methods Between November 2015 and April 2016, 35 T1D patients who were referred to our hospitals endocrinology outpatient clinic (mean age, 11.88 ± 4.1 years) and 30 children (mean age, 11.3 ± 3.08 years) in the control group were enrolled in the study. Five acoustic radiation force impulse elastography measurements from each lobe of the thyroid gland in m/s were recorded. Diabetes age, hemoglobin A1c, and C-peptide levels were recorded in T1D patients. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY). Results The mean SWV of the thyroid gland in T1D patients and the control group was 1.11 ± 0.21 and 1.29 ± 0.23 m/s, respectively. The mean SWV of the thyroid gland in T1D patients was lower than that in the control group and this was significant (P = 0.002). The mean SWV of the thyroid gland was not correlated with hemoglobin A1c level, body mass index, or the insulin dose in T1D patients. Conclusions The present study showed that T1D affects the thyroid gland stiffness even in patients without autoimmune thyroiditis. Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography may be a useful method in determining early changes in thyroid gland in T1D and may be used as a screening tool.

Open Dislocation of Ankle without Fracture Treated with an External Fixator

Ankle dislocations are orthopedic emergencies that require immediate treatment to avoid neurovascular impairment. They are usually accompanied by one or more comminuted fractures of the ankle mortis. In rare circumstances, such as high‐energy trauma, the ankle dislocations may not be accompanied by concomitant malleolar fractures and, thus, are named “pure ankle dislocations”. We presented a very rare and interesting case of an open medial dislocation of the ankle without associated fracture in an 18‐year‐old man with no known predisposing risk factors. The patient was admitted to the emergency department after sustaining a catastrophic trampoline accident resulting in severe inversion of the right ankle. The patient was treated with an external fixator and was mobilized early in the post‐surgical course. Despite initial presentation that revealed lack of posterior tibial pulse, the post‐surgical course was uneventful, with full functional recovery and joint mobility. The primary goals of treatment are immediate reduction of the joint and relief of neurovascular stress. External fixation is a prompt, fairly easy treatment that one should keep in mind in pure ankle dislocations. Nonetheless, ligamentous restoration and early mobilization were the key elements as seen in our case for full functional recovery.

Radiological, clinical and audiological evaluation of jugular bulb–vestibular aqueduct dehiscence

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of jugular bulb–vestibular aqueduct dehiscence (JBVAD) in patients undergoing temporal bone multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and assess the relationship between JBVAD and hearing loss with the findings of audiometry. Methods: About 1503 temporal bone MDCT scans were evaluated for the prevalence of JBVAD. Correlation of the imaging findings and audiometric data was performed. Patients were divided into two groups, those with and those without hearing loss, and were statistically compared. Results: Jugular bulb–vestibular aqueduct dehiscence was detected in 124 of the 1503 patients with a prevalence of 8.2%. MDCT images of 56 of the 124 patients were normal except for JBVAD (n = 38) and close proximity of the jugular bulb (JB) and vestibular aqueduct (VA) (n = 18). A total of 23 of 38 patients with JBVAD and 7 of 18 patients with close proximity of the JB and VA had hearing loss detected by audiometric evaluation. Conclusions: The most common hearing loss was detected as sensorineural hearing loss in patients with JBVAD. Also, median air and bone conduction and air bone gap values were found statistically higher in patients with hearing loss versus those without hearing loss.