Assíria Maria Ferreira da Nóbrega

Banco de sementes de remanescentes naturais e de áreas reflorestadas em uma várzea do Rio Mogi-Guaçu - SP

The objective of this study was to evaluate qualitative and quantitatively the seed bank of two natural forest remainders, one Eucalyptus robusta plantation and three reforestation areas with native species, located in a riparian area of Mogi-Guacu River floodplain, in Luiz Antonio County (21°31´S and 47°55´W), Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The evaluation was carried out in 12 plots of 10 x 10 m systematically distributed in each area. Four subplots of 0.5 m x 0.5 m were randomly distributed in each plot. Two subplots were used to evaluate the seed bank in the litter and two in the soil sample at the 0 - 5 cm depth. The sampling was accomplished in September 2001 in the natural forest remainders and in the eucalyptus plantation and, in September 2002, in the reforested areas. The soil and the litter were conditioned in plastic pots, and incubated with periodic irrigations for the seed germination during seven months, in two greenhouse environment conditions: one at 100% sunlight and the other, under a screen that provides a 70% sunlight reduction. In the composition of all sample area seed banks, there was a predomination of pioneer species at the early successional stages. The most important arboreal species were Aloysia virgata and Cecropia hololeuca. The reforestation with native species provided a seed bank with a greater diversity of native arboreal species than the eucalyptus plantation. The present study indicates that the similarity between the planted and natural forest should be enhanced over the time.

Regeneração natural em remanescentes florestais e áreas reflorestadas da várzea do rio Mogi-Guaçu, Luiz Antônio - SP

The phytosociology of the woody stratum of both young regenerating individuals and seed banks are quality indicators of heterogeneous reforestations. The objetive of this research was to evaluate the structure of regeneration of the arboreal species in two natural remainders, in three areas reforested with native species and in a Eucalyptus robusta settlement located in a floodplain of Mogi-Guacu river in Luiz Antonio County (21°31´S and 47°55´W), Sao Paulo, Brazil. Sampling was collected in 40 subplots of 2 m2in of each natural remainder and each eucalyptus sub-forest, as well as 60 subplots of 3.5 m2in each area reforested. All individuals with height > 10 cm and diameter at breast height (DBH) < 5.0 cm were measured and analyzed separately in four height classes according to floristic diversity, similarity, density, frequency, dominance, importance value and natural regeneration. A total of 2,010 individuals were identified, belonging to 24 families, 46 genera and 51 species. The species with greater importance values were Cabralea canjerana, Psidium cattleyanum, Nectandra megapotamica, Acacia polyphylla and Syzygium cumini, well represented in the four height classes. Reforestation with native species in a degraded Mogi-Guacu River floodplain promoted natural regeneration with more biodiversity than in natural remainders submitted to border effect, and contributed to the forest ecosystem restoration process. The 20-year-old Eucalyptus robusta plantation promoted the regeneration of climax and secondary species.

MATURAÇÃO E COLHEITA DA SEMENTE DE Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A. C. Smith

Studies about the maturation of seeds are essential to guide the ideal time of harvest, to assist the drying process planning, for storage and quality control. Therefore, the work aimed to know the appropriate time to harvest seeds from Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A. C. Smith. The fruits were collected in the city of Malta, in Paraiba state, and then taken to the seed laboratory at the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, where the analyses and the germination tests were carried out. In each of the six harvests, held weekly, fruits and seeds were evaluated for staining, biometrics and water content addition of the dry mass, germination and vigor of seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications of 25 seeds each. The revealed results have found that 54 days after anthesis, this stadium prior to dehiscence of fruits, these were dark brown color, wrinkled and with cracks at the apex, while the seeds in the sweet spot of physiological ripeness, black coloring, germination of 94,0%; 3,0% of abnormal seedlings and dead seed for 1.0% in the northeastern semi-arid conditions, it is recommended to harvest of the fruits to 54 days after anthesis when they presented a dark brown color and wrinkled apex with cracks, once 63 days after anthesis there is the natural dispersion of seeds.

Clonagem de Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão pela técnica de miniestaquia

Objetivou-se a avaliacao de dois minijardins clonais de Myracrodruon urundeuva, conduzidos em dois ambientes e submetidos a tres regimes de adubacao. Foi formado um minijardim em um ambiente que retem 50% da intensidade luminosa e outro a ceu aberto. Em cada minijardim as minicepas foram submetidas aos regimes de adubacao quinzenal e mensal, alem da testemunha. Foram coletados dados referentes ao diâmetro basal e sobrevivencia de minicepas. A partir da coleta de miniestacas foi avaliada a capacidade produtiva de miniestacas/minicepa/coleta. As miniestacas de cada coleta, provenientes de cada ambiente e regime de adubacao foram avaliadas com relacao a sobrevivencia. Foi constatada uma sobrevivencia de 100% de minicepas de Myracrodruon urundeuva. Nao houve diferencas significativas entre os regimes de adubacao para o diâmetro de minicepas em nenhum dos ambientes avaliados. No ambiente com 50% de retencao solar a adubacao quinzenal proporcionou as minicepas uma maior produtividade de miniestacas em relacao a testemunha e no ambiente a ceu aberto nao foi verificada diferencas entre os regimes de adubacao. As miniestacas coletadas no ambiente a pleno sol proporcionou uma media de sobrevivencia ligeiramente superior (38,2%) aquelas obtidas no ambiente sombreado (34,9%). Nao foram verificadas diferencas significativas entre os regimes de adubacao para a este carater.

Maturation and harvest of seed Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A.C. Smith

Studies about the maturation of seeds are essential to guide the ideal time of harvest, to assist the drying process planning, for storage and quality control. Therefore, the work aimed to know the appropriate time to harvest seeds from Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A. C. Smith. The fruits were collected in the city of Malta, in Paraíba state, and then taken to the seed laboratory at the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, where the analyses and the germination tests were carried out. In each of the six harvests, held weekly, fruits and seeds were evaluated for staining, biometrics and water content addition of the dry mass, germination and vigor of seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications of 25 seeds each. The revealed results have found that 54 days after anthesis, this stadium prior to dehiscence of fruits, these were dark brown color, wrinkled and with cracks at the apex, while the seeds in the sweet spot of physiological ripeness, black coloring, germination of 94,0%; 3,0% of abnormal seedlings and dead seed for 1.0% in the northeastern semi-arid conditions, it is recommended to harvest of the fruits to 54 days after anthesis when they presented a dark brown color and wrinkled apex with cracks, once 63 days after anthesis there is the natural dispersion of seeds.