Atilla Karateke

Protective Effect of Colchicine on Ovarian Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury An Experimental Study

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the efficiency of colchicine in the experimental rat ovarian torsion model in the light of histological and biochemical data. Study Design: A total of 35 Wistar albino female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, group 1: (control-sham operated, n = 7); group 2: (torsion/detorsion, n = 7) 2 hours of ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion; group 3: (torsion/detorsion, n = 7), 2 hours of ischemia and 5 days of reperfusion; group 4: (torsion/detorsion, n = 7) 2 hours of ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion and a signal dose of oral 1 mL/kg colchicine; and group 5: (torsion/detorsion, n = 7), 2 hours of ischemia and 5 days of reperfusion and 5 days of oral 1 mg/kg colchicine. Histopathologic evaluation was performed by a scoring that assesses congestion, bleeding, edema, and cellular degeneration in the ovarian tissue. Catalase, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl levels were calculated. Results: The histopathologic scores, MDA, and protein carbonyl levels in the control and colchicine groups were significantly lower than groups 2 and 3 (P < .001). Catalase activities were significantly higher in the control and colchicine groups than in groups 2 and 3 (P < .001). The results of the histopathologic parameters and biochemical markers showed that protective effects of colchicine treatment persisted up to 5 days. Conclusion: Our study results revealed that colchicine reduced ovarian ischemia–reperfusion injury in experimental rat ovarian torsion model. As the ovarian detorsion is the first choice of the treatment modality in the early phase, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatment modalities like colchicine might be used to reduce ovarian ischemia–reperfusion injury.

Protective Effects of Colchicine in an Experimental Rat Endometriosis Model Histopathological Evaluation and Assessment of TNF-α Levels

Objective: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease observed in reproductive period. The aim of the present study is to assess the efficacy of colchicine, widely used to treat many inflammatory diseases, in an experimental rat endometriosis model. Study Design: Experimental endometriosis was constituted with implantation of autogenous endometrial tissue. Rats were divided randomly into 2 groups as colchicine group (n = 8) and control group (n =8). Although oral 0.1 mg/kg colchicine was administered 4 weeks to the colchicine group, the same amount of saline solution was administered to the control group. Before and after 30 days of treatment period, peritoneal and tissue tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), the volumes and histopathological properties of the implants were evaluated. Results: Although the implant volume decreased significantly in the colchicine group (89.2 ± 13.4 mm3 to 35.2 ± 4.5 mm3, P < .05), the implant volume increased in the control group (85.1 ± 14.2 mm3 to 110.3 ± 10.5 mm3, P < .05). When compared to the control group, the colchicine group had significantly lower histopathologic sores (1.4 ± 0.2 vs 2.6 ± 0.4, P < .001). Although peritoneal fluid TNF-α levels were significantly decreased in the colchicine group (45.2 ± 5.3 pg/mL vs 12.1 ± 5.2 pg/mL, P < .001), the peritoneal fluid TNF-α levels were significantly increased in the control group after the treatment (44.2 ± 3.5 pg/mL vs 61.3 ± 12.2 pg/mL; P < .001). Tissue TNF-α levels were significantly lower in the colchicine group when compared to the control group (45.4 ± 8.6 pg/mL vs 71.3 ± 11.2 pg/mL; P < .001). Conclusion: Colchicine resulted in regression of endometrial implant volumes in experimental rat endometriosis model and decreased peritoneal and tissue TNF-α levels.

Relations of Platelet Indices with Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Cancer

BACKGROUND Platelets are blood elements thought to play a role in the immune system and therefore tumor development and metastasis. Platelet activation parameters such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) can be easily evaluated with the whole blood count and have been studied as markers of systemic inflammatory responses in various cancer types. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the correlation between endometrial pathologies and MPV, PDW and PCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 194 patients who presented to our clinic with abnormal vaginal bleeding were included in our study. The patients were divided into 3 groups (endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, control) according to their pathology results. The groups were compared for MPV, PDW, and PCT values obtained from the blood samples taken on endometrial biopsy day. RESULTS The endometrial cancer patients were the oldest group (p=0.04). There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PC), and hemoglobin (Hb) level. The highest MPV (p<0.001), PDW (p=0.002), and PCT (p<0.001) levels were in the endometrial cancer group, and the lowest levels were in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The easy evaluation of platelet parameters in patients who are suspected of having endometrial pathology is a significant advantage. We found MPV, PDW, and PCT to be correlated with the severity of endometrial pathology with the highest values in endometrial cancer. Studies to be conducted together with different laboratory parameters will further help evaluate the diagnosis and severity of endometrial cancer and precursor lesions.

Increased density of Demodex folliculorum mites in pregnancies with gestational diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the presence of Demodex in patients with gestational diabetes and the impact of glucose regulation on Demodex density in gestational diabetes. Subjects and Methods: The study population consisted of 33 patients with gestational diabetes and 30 pregnant women without gestational diabetes (control group). The age, parity, gestational age, and BMI of the study group were recorded and the patients were divided into 2 groups, i.e. those with regulated and unregulated glucose levels, according to their postprandial 1st- and 2nd-hour glucose values. A standardized skin surface biopsy method was used to determine if patients had Demodex folliculorum infestation (>5 mites/cm2 of skin). Results: Patients with gestational diabetes had a statistically significantly higher Demodex density compared to the control group (24.2 vs. 3.3%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, a significantly higher proportion of gestational diabetes patients with unregulated glucose levels had a higher Demodex density compared to those in the regulated subgroup (6/19 vs. 2/14; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Our study revealed that the Demodex density was increased in gestational diabetes patients. Further, poor glucose regulation could be the mechanism responsible for the increased Demodex density in gestational diabetes patients with unregulated glucose levels compared to those with regulated glucose levels.

Zofenopril attenuates injury induced by ischemia‐reperfusion on rat ovary

The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of zofenopril in an experimental model of ovarian torsion in rats with histologic and biochemical assessments.

Menopausal cardiomyopathy: Does it really exist? A case-control deformation imaging study

We aimed to evaluate and compare the left ventricular (LV) functions of pre‐ and postmenopausal women at similar ages with none of the known cardiovascular risk factors, by both conventional and advanced echocardiographic methods such as 2‐D strain imaging via speckle tracking echocardiography.

Malouf Syndrome with Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism and Cardiomyopathy: Two-Case Report and Literature Review

Malouf syndrome is a very rarely encountered syndrome which was first diagnosed in 1985 upon the examination of two sisters, with findings of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, dilated cardiomyopathy, blepharoptosis, and broad nasal base. Later on, Narahara diagnosed another sporadic case with the same findings. A survey of relevant literature leads us to three women cases in total. Here we present two cases of Malouf syndrome and literature review.

Investigation of Therapeutic Effects of Erdosteine on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Rat Model

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a serious endocrine disorder. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of erdosteine in letrozole-induced PCOS in rats. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino female rats were grouped as control group (C), PCOS group (PCOS), PCOS-metformin group (PCOS+MET), and PCOS-erdosteine group (PCOS+Erd). PCOS was induced by administering letrozole; such rats presented with sex hormone disorder, abnormal estrous cycles determined by daily vaginal smear, large cystic follicles, and increasing fasting insulin levels. After induction of PCOS, metformin (500 mg/kg/day) and erdosteine (100 mg/kg/day) were given orally to the treatment groups for 30 days. Serum concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, as well as the total oxidant and antioxidant status, oxidative stress index, circulating estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), testosterone, and androstenedione were evaluated. The ovaries were graded histologically. Results: Weights of ovarian tissues (p < 0.05) and the number of atretic follicles (p < 0.001) and cystic follicles (p < 0.01) decreased in the PCOS+Erd group; the corpus luteum number was significantly higher in the PCOS+Erd group (p < 0.01) as compared with the PCOS group. Lipid parameters (total-C, LDL-C, and TG), E1 (estrone), E1/E2 ratio, testosterone, and androstenedione significantly decreased, while HDL-C and E2 (estradiol) significantly increased in the PCOS+Erd group as compared with the PCOS group. Moreover glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR were reduced with treatment of erdosteine (p > 0.05, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: It is suggested that erdosteine may be used in the treatment of PCOS as an alternative to metformin. It appears that our findings might be supported by clinical and molecular studies.

Abdominal Sacrohysteropexy in Women with Uterovajinal Prolapse: Our 3 Years Clinical Experience

DOI: 10.4328/JCAM.2598 Received: 02.06.2014 Accepted: 11.07.2014 Printed: 01.02.2015 J Clin Anal Med 2015;6(suppl 1): 26-9 Corresponding Author: Atilla Karateke, Hatay Antakya Doğumevi, 31000, Hatay, Türkiye. T.: +90 3262146170 E-Mail: drkarateke@gmail.com Özet Amaç: Uterusu destekleyen uterosakralkardinal ligamanların zayıflaması sonucu oluşan duruma uterovajinal prolapsus denir. Bu olgularda zayıflama uterusun doğrudan kendisine bağlı olmamasına rağmen histerektomi en çok uygulanan cerrahi yöntem olmuştur. Son yıllarda ise hastaların hem psikolojik ve işlevsel açıdan uterusun korunmasını istemesi ve hem de anatomi düzeltici cerrahi tekniklerin gelişmesinden dolayı histerektominin yerini pelvik organ koruyucu cerrahi almıştır. Pelvik koruyucu cerrahi operasyonlardan en önemlilerden birisi abdominal sakrohisteropeksidir (ASH). Bu çalışmamızda kliniğimizde uterovajinal prolapsus tanısıyla ASH yaptığımız olguların özelliklerini sunmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kliniğimizde Ocak 2010 – Mart 2013 tarihleri arasında uterovajinal prolapsus tanısıyla ASH yapılan 27 hastanın verileri incelendi. Hastaların tamamına ürogenital patoloji yönünden preoperatif jinekolojik muayene ve transvajinal ultrasonografi yapıldı. Vajinal muayene pelvik organ prolapsus evreleme sistemi (POP-Q) kriterlerine göre yapıldı. Uygun endikasyon konulan hastalara laparatomi ile ASH uygulandı. Ayrıca 5 hastaya eş zamanlı stres tipi inkontinans varlığından dolayı ‘Burch’ ameliyatı yapıldı. Bulgular: ASH yapılan olgularımızda hastanede ortalama yatış süresi 2.6 gün (aralık, 2-5gün) ve yaş ortalaması 52.8 ±7.5 olarak bulunmuştur. Hiçbir olguda operasyona bağlı mesane, barsak ve üreter komplikasyonu görülmedi. İlk yıl sonunda başarı oranı %92.6 iken rekürrens oranı % 7.4 idi. Birinci yıl sonunda olguların hiçbirinde ileus gibi barsak problemi görülmezken, ‘Burch’ yapılan 1 olguda idrar kaçırma şikayetinin tekrarladığı gözlendi. Tartışma: Bu çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler, ASH’ın pelvik organ prolapsuslarında ciddi anlamda başarılı olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, bu yöntemin minimal komplikasyon görülme açısından diğerlerine üstün olduğu bulunmuştur.

KLİNİĞİMİZE BAŞVURAN MOL GEBELİK OLGULARININ RETROSPEKTİF İNCELENMESİ: 5 YILLIK KLİNİK DENEYİM

Aim: In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of gestational trophoblastic disease by using data of patients who were treated for molar pregnancies. Material and methods: . The patients diagnosed as gestational trophoblastic disease between January 2009- January 2014 was evaluated retrospectively. Patients’ age, gravidity, parity and aborts were noted. Patients’ history, ultrasonographic findings, β HCG and laboratory results, hystopathology findings, treatment modalities and β HCG for following-up were recorded. Results: The incidence of molar pregnancy was found as 8 per 1000 deliveries. The mean age of patients was 28.72 ±7,5 and mean gestastional week was 10±2,4. β HCG values was found between 240 and 145100. Out of all patients, 20 (33.3%) had ultrasonographic signs of molar pregnancy. Pathology results revealed partial mole in 45 (75%), complete mole in 12 (20%) patients and choriocarcinoma in 3 (5%) patients. No mortality related to disease and complications was observed