Atlee L. Stroup

Analytical, Sample, and Gender Variations in 16 PF Second-Order Personality Factors

Separate principal components analyses delineate five second-order factors for the Sixteen Personality Factor subscales (16 PF) when four male and female subsamples are analyzed. If these factor solutions are subjected to varimax and oblimin rotations, no substantive gender or technique differences emerge. Only moderate sampling variations are apparent. The five factors specified are Anxiety vs. Adjustment, Independence vs. Subduedness, Extraversion vs. Intraversion, Affective Field Dependence, and Superego Strength. Orthogonal solutions are recommended for future research because of the suitability of derivative factor scores for regression analysis.

CPI and 16PF second‐order factor congruence

Three studies provide the basis for a comparison of second-order factor structures of the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) and the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF). Results show a high degree of congruence across samples and methods. Five factors are common to both instruments: Adjustment vs. Anxiety, Extraversion vs. Introversion, Independence vs. Subduedness, Affective Field Dependence, and Superego Strength. Clinical implications are explored.