Aubry Dupuy

Identification of bromo/chloro dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in ash samples

Abstract This paper describes the analytical procedures, results and identification of bromo/chloro dibenzo- p -dioxins and dibenzofurans in ash samples from several types of combustion and incineration processes.

Determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in fresh water fish

Abstract Validated sample preparation procedures and high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry techniques were utilized for the quantitative measurement of 4 to 695 pg/g (ppt) levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2378-TCDD) in the edible portions of fish from the state of Michigan. The methodology and the analytical results are presented.

A statistical survey of dioxin-like compounds in United States beef : A progress report

The USEPA and the USDA have completed the first statistically designed survey of the occurrence and concentration of CDDs and CDFs in the fat of beef animals raised for human consumption in the United States. Back fat was sampled from 63 carcasses at federally inspected slaughter establishments nationwide. The sample design called for sampling beef animal classes in proportion to national annual slaughter statistics. All samples were analyzed using a modification of EPA method 1613, using isotope dilution, High Resolution GC/MS to determine the rate of occurrence of 2,3,7,8-substituted CDDs/CDFS. The whole weight method detection limits ranged from 0.05 ng kg-1 for TCDD to 3 ng kg-1 for OCDD. The results of this survey showed a mean concentration (reported as I-TEQ, lipid adjusted) in U.S. beef animals of 0.35 ng kg-1 and 0.89 ng kg-1 when either non-detects are treated as 0 value or assigned a value of 1/2 the detection limit, respectively.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofruran contamination in Chlornail and Carbazole Violet

Abstract Four samples of Chloranil and one sample of Carbazole Violet were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins and dibenzofurans. Part per billion and part per million levels of hepta- and octachlorinated dioxins and furans were found in the samples. Hexachlorinated dioxins and furans were also found in some of the samples. These levels are considered minimum levels since the extraction and analytical procedures were not optimized for these samples containing such extremely high concentrations.

Evaluation of a sampling and analysis method for determination of polyhalogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in ambient air

General Metals Works PS-1 PUF air samplers and an analytical method based on high resolution gas chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS) were evaluated for determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDDs/PBDFs) and bromo/chloro dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (BCDDs/BCDFs) in ambient air. Dilute solutions of these compounds and 13C12-1,2,3,4-TCDD were used to spike the filters of PS-1 air samplers which were then operated 24 hr to sample 350–400 m3 ambient air. After sampling, each quartz-fiber filter and polyurethane foam (PUF) were spiked with 13C12-labeled PCDD, PCDF, PBDD, and PBDF internal standards before separate Soxhlet extractions with benzene. The extracts were subjected to an acid/base clean-up procedure followed by clean-up on microcolumns of silica gel, alumina, and carbon and then analyzed by HRGC-HRMS. Results derived from this study indicated the PS-1 ambient air samplers and the analytical procedures were very efficient and that pg/m3 and sub-pg/m3 levels of total PCDDs/PCDFs, PBDDs/PBDFs, BCDDs/BCDFs, and 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners could be accurately measured. Background levels of these compounds in the ambient air were also determined. Total PCDDs, PCDFs, TBDFs, and PeBDFs were detected in a low concentration range of 0.3 to 3.0 pg/m3.

Interlaboratory validation of PCDD and PCDF concentrations found in municipal incinerator emissions

Abstract Extracts from five stack-gas samples and a National Bureau of Standards dust sample were analyzed for PCDDs and PCDFs by three laboratories. The coefficients of variation were less than 50% for 84% of the results from the analysis of 2,3,7,8-tetra-CDD, 2,3,7,8-tetra-CDF and the tetra- to octa- congener groups.

Analysis for 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin Residues in Environmental Samples

Small scale environmental monitoring studies have been conducted to quantitatively determine the presence or absence of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) in fish and deer. 2,3,7,8-TCDD was detected in a concentration range of 3 to 42 parts-per-trillion (ppt) in 19 of 20 fish samples collected in the State of Michigan. Two of 27 ppt levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were detected in various parts of the bodies of deer which were used in a study conducted in California to determine the effects of an aerial application of 2,4,5-T. Average minimum limits of detection for these analyses were: fish, 3 ppt; deer, 2 ppt. The analytical methodology, criteria for confirmation of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and the results of each study are discussed.

A status report on the U.S. national dioxin study

Abstract In 1983, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) embarked on an extensive investigation of the presence and extent of contamination of the national environment by CDDs/CDFs. This status report is a prelude to a final report to be delivered to the US Congress in December, 1985.