Azlina Idris

The Effect of Additive White Gaussian Noise and Multipath Rayleigh Fading On BER Statistic in Digital Cellular Network

This paper highlights the simulation using cyclic codes in order to identify the effect of two types of noise which are additive white Gaussian noise and multipath Rayleigh fading to a communication system. The main objective is to know which communication channel is better, a communication channel with AWGN or a communication channel with multipath Rayleigh fading. Modulation technique used in this simulation is quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK). Noise reduction and information message recovery are the important aspect in designing a communication system instead of speed and accuracy in transmitting the information. Matlab Version 7.1 is used to simulate the system. The model consists of transmitter, transmission channel and receiver. The messages are encoded and decoded using cyclic codes. The system also provides error detection and correction using forward error correction (FEC)

Reduction of ISI using different equalization of adaptive algorithm for mobile WiMAX communication system

Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is one of the modulation technique designed to have high speed data rate transmission in wireless communication system. Inter symbol interference (ISI) is a main cause that can reduce efficiency of the system due to multipath propagation. Different equalization of adaptive algorithm technique had been proposed in this research in order to reduce ISI in OFDMA system. This research also proved the combination of space time frequency block code (STFBC) with multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna enable to overcome ISI by using IEEE 802.16 simulation parameter. The simulation results show the improvement of bit error rate (BER) performance after reducing ISI and also prove that STFBC was able to achieve maximum diversity order in the MIMO OFDMA system.

Reduction of interference with linear equalizer using quarter subcarrier mapping scheme

MIMO-OFDM is known for its novelty and capability for higher data rate transmission and has been an effective multicarrier transmission technique over frequency selective channels. However, its vulnerability to frequency offset (FO), has wiped out the orthogonality of the subcarriers and lead to inter-carrier interference (ICI) which degrades the system performance. The system performance will also be affected by the Inter-symbol interference (ISI) due to severe frequency selective fading (FSF) from a time delay at the receiver induced from multipath channel between transmitter and receiver. In order to overcome ICI and ISI a new subcarrier mapping (quarter) intercarrier interference self-cancellation (ICI-SC) scheme STFBC with an equalization technique is appended at the receiver to filter and compensate the ICI and ISI effects. The objective of this paper is to evaluate Pair-wise error probability (PEP) performance using a new quarter method subcarrier mapping ICI-SC scheme STFBC MIMO OFDM with added linear equalizer at the receiver for ICI and ISI reduction. The result indicates that the Pair-wise error probability (PEP) has improved better over STFBC MIMO-OFDM system by using quarter subcarrier mapping scheme (ICI-SC) with equalizer compared to existing available subcarrier mapping scheme, and efficient bandwidth with maximum diversity can be achieved.

Mitigate the GPS ionospheric scintillation during solar flare

This paper to mitigate the Ionospheric Scintillation effect during solar flare happen on 7th June 2011. This scintillation data recorded by dual-frequency GPS Receiver, GPS ionospheric scintillation and TEC monitored (GISTM) at UKM, Malaysia (2.55°N, 101.46°E). Parameters on this study will focus on the amplitude scintillation in between 18:00 LT until 00:00 LT; 06:00 pm to 12:00 am. Observation showed that after the post sunset until midnight, the scintillation index in strong scintillation level, S4 ≥ 0.4.

Nighttime D-region ionosphere characteristics from tweek atmospherics observed in the North America Region

Tweek atmospherics are ELF/VLF pulse signals with frequency dispersion characteristics generate from lightning discharges and spread in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide mode. This study uses the electromagnetic wave approach describe as ELF (extremely low frequency) and VLF (very low frequency) which propagates sub-ionospherically among the earth and the lowest ionosphere. This paper presents the nighttime D-region ionosphere characteristics of tweeks at Gakona station (62.71° N, 143.99°W) in the North America Region. By using the fundamental of cut-off frequency, we estimated the nighttime variations of the tweek reflection height of the D-region ionosphere, equivalent electron density and the distance travel by tweek along its propagation. Our observation indicated that the equivalent electron densities for tweeks varies from 23-27 el/cm3 in the altitude range of 77 to 91 km and demonstrated that these signals is capable to travel up to 5600 km over a wide area in mid-latitude region. Comparison in term of the ionospheric parameters at different latitude shows that the reflection height and electron density in this study is almost consistent for all latitude tweek measurements.

A New Data-Conjugate Intercarrier (ICI) Self-Cancellation for ICI Reduction in Space Time Frequency Block Codes MIMO-OFDM System

The objective of this research is to propose a new data conjugate sub carrier mapping technique that combines ICI self cancellation method using data allocation in space-time-frequency block codes (STFBC) MIMO-OFDM system. It aims to achieve maximum diversity order and to compensate integrated effect of FO for ICI reduction in the system. Using theoretical derivation of the Common Phase Error (CPE), ICI and Carrier to Interference Ratio (CIR), a simulation model is then being used to compare with data conjugate adjacent method. The results show that the ICI contained in the received signals can be effectively reduced using the propose data conjugate method. Thus, the proposed method outperforms the adjacent method by approximately reducing the ICI at high signal to noise ratio (SNR) and CIR.

RFID (NFC) application employment on inventory tracking to improve security

Retailers and consumers alike will face a time when they are uncertainty about a particular product since product identity replication being abused everywhere since barcodes is the only way to determine the original details of a product which can easily be forged. However, the introduction of new technology in security enforcement for product which is RFID called Radio Frequency Identification that can scan and detect the details of the product much easier without the need any line of sight unlike barcodes system being used nowadays. With the new technological upgrade from the RFID system called the NFC which stands for Near Field Communication that have an upgraded security system, so this project proposes an NFC based application to ensure that the product originality can be determined easily to help track the item from the factory to the stores. The system consists of an NFC module that can be attached to the mainboard and it will be programmed using C language programming. The NFC stands for Near Field Communication. It is a short-range radio technology that enables communication between devices that either touch or are momentarily held close together. This device will be used along with a card or tags in the form of a sticker or a simple card that containing an antenna to communicate with the NFC allowing the information within the card to be read. The received data will be processed by the mainboard and are connected through a display LCD to show the product specifications and whether it is original or not. So as a result the tag that has been written with a specific key can be written onto it and when it is swiped onto the board the board will match they keys from the card and the device, once the key is matched the details of that product will be shown and it will provide a warning if the keys did not match.

Mobile Application for Electric Power Monitoring on Energy Consumptions at a Campus University

Received Mar 3, 2018 Revised Apr 11, 2018 Accepted Apr 21, 2018 Paintball has gained a huge popularity in Malaysia with growing number of tournaments organized nationwide. Currently, Ideal Pro Event, one of the paintball organizer found difficulties to pair a suitable opponent to against one another in a tournament. This is largely due to the manual matchmaking method that only randomly matches one team with another. Consequently, it is crucial to ensure a balanced tournament bracket where eventual winners and losers not facing one another in the very first round. This study proposes an intelligent matchmaking using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and tournament management system for paintball organizers. PSO is a swarm intelligence algorithm that optimizes problems by gradually improving its current solutions, therefore countenancing the tournament bracket to be continually improved until the best is produced. Indirectly, through the development of the system, it is consider as an intelligence business idea since it able to save time and enhance the company productivity. This algorithm has been tested using 3 size of population; 100, 1000 and 10,000. As a result, the speed of convergence is consistent and has not been affected through big population.N. N. S. Abdul Rahman, N.M. Saad, A. R. Abdullah, M. R. M. Hassan, M. S. S. M. Basir, N. S. M. Noor 1,2,4,6Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2,3Center for Robotics and Industrial Automation, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 3,5Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, MalaysiaLight rail transit (LRT), or fast tram is urban public transport using rolling stock similar to a tramway, but operating at a higher capacity, and often on an exclusive right-of-way. Indonesia as one of developing countries has been developed the LRT in two cities of Indonesia, Palembang and Jakarta. There are opinions toward the development of LRT, negative and positive opinions. To reveal the level of LRT development acceptance, this research uses machine learning approach to analyze the data which is gathered through social media. By conducting this paper, the data is modeled and classified in order to analyze the social sentiment towards the LRT development.Mohamad, S., Nasir, F.M., Sunar, M.S., Isa, K., Hanifa, R.M., Shah, S.M., Ribuan, M.N., Ahmad, A. 1,4,6,7,8Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 1,2,3UTM-IRDA Digital Media Centre, Media and Game Innovation Centre of Excellence, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 1,2,3Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 5Centre for Diploma Studies, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 6Research Centre for Applied Electromagnetics, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, MalaysiaReceived Jan 31, 2018 Revised Apr 21, 2018 Accepted Apr 30, 2018 Bluetooth is an emerging mobile ad-hoc network that accredits wireless communication to connect various short range devices. A single hop network called piconet is the basic communication topology of bluetooth which allows only eight active devices for communication among them seven are active slaves controlled by one master. Multiple piconets are interconnected through a common node, known as Relay, to form a massive network called as Scatternet. It is obvious that the performance of Scatternet scheduling is highly dependent and directly proportionate with the performance of the Relay node. In contrary, by reducing the number of Relays, it may lead to poor performance, since every Relay has to perform and support several piconet connections. The primary focus of this study is to observe the performance metrics that affects the inter-piconet scheduling since the Relay node’s role is like switch between multiple piconets. In this paper, we address and analyze the performance issues to be taken into consideration for efficient data flow in Scatternet based on Relay node.

Link Adaptation Algorithm for IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Netwoks in Fading Channel

Applied Computing Technology (ACT), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, 86400 Johor, Malaysia. Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, 86400 Johor, Malaysia. Department of Management Information Systems, College of Commerce and Business Administrations, Dhofar University, Salalah, Oman.

An enhancement of direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique in LTE and Wi-Fi coexistence technologies

This paper presented an enhanced of SINR based on serving and neighboring path loss to mitigate co-channel interference by using DSSS technique in LTE-Wi-Fi network. The proposed technique is the continuity from the earlier work which enhanced the DSSS with new coefficient: chip rate coefficient and radius fraction coefficient. The earlier works only consider its serving BS for path losses values. In this paper, an enhance DSSS technique is proposed which considers path losses for both serving and its neighbouring base stations in the network. The purpose of the proposed technique is to improve the signal-interference-to-noise ratio (SINR) value at UEs. The proposed technique applied delta path loss which is the path loss difference between the serving and the neighbours BSs. As the results, the SINR at MUE using the proposed technique gives better SINR around 66%∼72% improvements. On the other hand, the SINR at WUE using the proposed technique also gives better SINR around 155%∼170% improvements.