Badri Prasad Badhu

Clinical presentation of retinoblastoma in Eastern Nepal.

Background:  The purpose of the present study was to determine modes of presentation of retinoblastoma and the association between proptosis with orbital extension and histopathologically detectable optic nerve infiltration by the tumour.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus presenting as orbital abscess along with superior orbital fissure syndrome: A case report.

Orbital abscess and superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS) are rare manifestations of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Herein, we report a case of orbital abscess along with SOFS in a 2.5-year-old-male child secondary to herpes zoster infection. He presented with a 5-day history of proptosis and ptosis of the right eye that had been preceded by vesicular eruptions on the right forehead and scalp. Computed tomography scan of the head and orbit showed orbital abscess and right cavernous sinus thrombosis. A diagnosis of orbital abscess with SOFS secondary to herpes infection was made. The condition subsequently improved following antiviral therapy, intravenous vancomycin and amikacin, and oral corticosteroids.

Ocular Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in the Left Eye with Phthisis Right Eye: A Rare Occurrence in a Child

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a benign pseudoneoplastic inflammatory condition with the potential for persistent local growth and recurrence that rarely affects the orbit. We report a very rare case of anterior orbital IMT in a child who presented with gradually progressive mass in left eye for 16 months. Ocular examination showed a cauliflower like exophytic mass at 360 degrees of the perilimbal area covering the entire cornea and obscuring the visualization of anterior and posterior segments. The right eye was phthisical. CT scan showed a lobulated exophytic soft tissue mass in the preseptal region and along the anterior portion of the left globe extending from medial canthus to the lateral canthus. Enucleation of the left eye was performed and the histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of IMT. This report aims to raise awareness about this rare ocular entity and emphasizes its early treatment as delay can result in loss of the eye.

Orbital cellulitis in a neonate of the tooth bud origin: a case report.

Orbital cellulitis is a serious, yet uncommon infection in neonates. It can result in significant sight and life threatening complications. Most commonly, it occurs secondarily as the result of a spread of infection from the sinuses. Orbital cellulitis, secondary to dental infection is rare. We hereby report a case of orbital cellulitis secondary to dental infection in a 15-day-old neonate without any systemic features.

Efficacy of topical carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5% and cyclosporine A 0.05% in dry eye syndrome

Abstract Context: Dry eyes has been associated with inflammation and apoptosis of the ocular surface which is responsible for conjunctival goblet cell loss in long term. Aim: To study the efficacy of carboxymethylcellulose and topical cyclosporine A 0.05% in the treatment of dry eyes and their effect on the density of conjunctival goblet cells (GCD). Settings and design: Hospital based, Randomized clinical trial. Methods and material: A total of 90 patients of dry eyes were enrolled and were randomly divided into two groups of 45 each. Group A was treated with topical cyclosporine A 0.05% twice daily and group B with preservative free carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5% (CMC) four times daily for 6 weeks. Different parameters like dry eye symptoms through visual analogue score (VAS), tear break up time (TBUT), Schirmer’s tests (SCH), fluorescein stain (FLU) and goblet cell density (GCD) were obtained prior to treatment and compared with the results after 6 weeks of treatment. Statistical analysis used: SPSS software, version 12.0. Results: After 6 weeks of treatment both the groups showed significant improvement from baseline values of all the parameters (p < 0.001). Comparison between these two groups after treatment showed that all the parameters except FLU score (p < 0.001) were statistically not significant. Conclusions: Both the topical CMC 0.5% and cyclosporine A 0.05% showed improvement of ocular surface at 6 weeks interval. However, there was no significant difference between the outcome of two groups.