Bambang Guritno

RESPON TIGA VARIETAS KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merill) PADA INOKULASI Rhizobium

Rendahnya produksi kedelai lokal menyebabkan semakin tergantungnya masyarakat pada kedelai impor. Peningkatan produksi kedelai dapat didukung dengan inokulasi Rhizobium karena dapat membentuk bintil akar yang berfungsi dalam pengikatan nitrogen yang akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh inokulasi Rhizobium pada tiga varietas kedelai dan untuk mendapatkan dosis inokulasi terbaik bagi pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2015 di Desa Karangduren, Kecamatan Pakisaji, Kabupaten Malang, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah varietas yang terdiri dari Grobogan (V 1 ), Wilis (V 2 ), dan Gepak Kuning (V 3 ), sedangkan faktor kedua yaitu inokulasi Rhizobium , terdiri dari dosis 0 g kg -1 benih atau tanpa inokulasi (R 0 ), 3 g kg -1 benih (R 1 ), 5 g kg -1 benih (R 2 ), dan 7 g kg -1 benih (R 3 ), dimana perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran biji pada masing-masing varietas tidak menentukan tinggi rendahnya dosis inokulan Rhizobium yang dibutuhkan tanaman. Inokulasi Rhizobium dengan dosis 0 g kg -1 benih hingga 7 g kg -1 benih menunjukkan peningkatan hasil yang linear pada seluruh parameter pengamatan. Perlakuan varietas dengan inokulasi Rhizobium mampu meningkatkan jumlah bintil akar efektif pada umur 21, 28, dan 49 HST berturut-turut sebesar 61,19%, 58,42%, dan 62%. Inokulasi Rhizobium dengan dosis 7 g kg -1 benih mampu meningkatkan hasil panen hingga 37,30% dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa inokulasi, sehingga didapatkan dosis terbaik sebesar 7 g kg -1 benih.

Bioactive Components of Pandan's Fruits from Jayawijaya Mountains, Papua, Indonesia

Five Pandan species, namely Pandanus julianettii, Pandanus iwen, Pandanus brosimos, Pandanus sp.1 (owadak) and Pandanus sp.2 (woromo) from Jaya Wijaya Mountains, Papua have potential bioactive components. This study aimed to identify the bioactive components in Pandans fleshy receptacle and seed from five Pandan species. Samples were obtained from fleshy receptacle and seed. Sample were mashed and dried for further proximate, minerals, and vitamins contents analysis. The study revealed that nutritive value compositions of food fiber per 100 grams in fleshy receptacle and seed of Pandanus julianettii were 23% and 12%; those of Pandanus sp.1 (owadak) were 17.59% and 18.38%; those of Pandanus sp.2 (woromo) were 30% and 23%; those of Pandanus iwen were 18% and 30%; those of Pandanus brosimos were 47.75 % and 17.40%. The nutritive value compositions of starch per 100 grams in pandans fleshy receptacle and seed of Pandanus julianettii were 23 ppm and 0.24 ppm; those of Pandanus sp.1 (owadak) were 26 ppm and 0.96 ppm; those of Pandanus sp.2 (woromo) were 36 ppm and 18 ppm; those of Pandanus iwen were 21 ppm and 0.21 ppm; those of Pandanus brosimos were 35.88 ppm and 9.67 ppm. The nutritive value compositions of vitamin C per 100 grams in fleshy receptacle and seed of Pandanus julianettii were 8.10 mg and 6.40 mg; those of Pandanus sp.1 (owadak) were 16.88 mg and 9.74 mg; those of Pandanus sp.2 (woromo) were 20 mg and 1.72 mg; those of Pandanus iwen were 10 mg and 4 mg; those of Pandanus brosimos were 185.68 mg and 109.84 mg. The nutritive value compositions of vitamin E per 100 g in fleshy receptacle and seed of Pandanus julianettii were 0.19 mg and 0.46 mg; those of Pandanus sp.1 (owadak) were 3.18 mg and 15 mg; those of Pandanus sp.2 (woromo) were 6 mg and 0.07 mg; those of Pandanus iwen were 0.19 mg and 8 mg; those of Pandanus brosimos were 185.68 mg and 109.84 mg.