Bambang Sulistyantara

Study of the effectiveness of several tree canopy types on roadside green belt in influencing the distribution of NO2 gas emitted from transportation

Transportation is one significant factor which contributes to urban air pollution. One of the pollutants emitted from transportation which affect humans health is NO2. Plants, especially trees, have high potential in reducing air pollutants from transportation through diffusion, absorbtion, adsorption and deposition. Purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of several tree canopy types on roadside green belt in influencing distribution of NO2 gas emitted from transportation. The study conducted in three plots of tree canopy in Jagorawi Highway: Bungur (Lagerstroemia speciosa), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea) and Tanjung (Mimusops elengi). The tree canopy ability in absorbing pollutant is derived by comparing air quality on vegetated area with ambience air quality at control area (open field). Air sampling was conducted to measure NO2 concentration at elevation 1.5m, 5m and 10m at distance 0m, 10m and 30m, using Air Sampler Impinger. Concentration of NO2 was analyzed with Griess-Saltzman method. From this research, the result of ANOVA showed that tree plot (vegetated area) affected significantly to NO2 concentration. However the effect of distance from road and elevation was not significant. Among the plots, the highest NO2 concentration was found on Control plot (area without tree canopy), while the lowest NO2 concentration was found in Tanjung plot. Tanjung plot with round shape and high density canopy performed better in reducing NO2 than Bungur plot with round shape and medium density canopy, regardless the sampling elevation and distance. Gmelina plot performed the best in reducing horizontal distribution of NO2 concentration at elevation 1.5 and 5m, but the result at elevation 10m was not significant.

Analysis of Green Space Characteristic Effect to the Comfort Microclimate in the Simple Flats in Jakarta

Existence of green spaces on simple flats (Rusunawa), especially trees, greatly affect the ambient temperature outside and inside the building. Density of tree canopy can modify air temperature under trees or buildings by reducing solar radiation on building facade. The aims of this study is to analize the characteristics of green space in Rusunawa and its influence on the microclimate. The experiment was conducted at four Rusunawa building located in Jakarta, i.e. Rusunawa Jatirawasari, Tambora, Pulogebang, and Marunda Cluster A. Species and number of trees were identified, while the ground cover was identified by its species and coverage. Physical characteristics of trees were measured by tree thrunk, tree height, and width crown. Measurement of temperature, relative humidity (RH), and wind velocity was conducted at seven points in each Rusunawa to determine their effects. The results showed the presence of trees can modify the temperature of building outside similar with in the building. The decrease of temperature was influenced by green coverage area, green coverage index, and environmental condition around Simple flats. In this study, the best microclimate was modification by the ability to reduce largest temperature differences. Further more, green space in Rusunawa Marunda Cluster A was considered as the most effective one in reducing temperature.

EFEKTIFITAS VOID DAN TAMAN INTERIOR PADA KENYAMANAN TERMAL DI DALAM RUANG

ABSTRACT Comfort in a place is a dream shared by all people while doing all kinds of activities, consequently all the factors that promote comfort activity will be attempted to be met, such as sufficient space, adequate facilities, adequate lighting, comfo rtable aeration, safety, beauty, self - esteem and so forth.The concern of this study is how comfort can be achieved by combining natural factors with environmental factors such as plant - made form void (vertical openings) in the design of a simple house. Com bination of the two factors is expected to increase comfort in the simple house, that is a change in thermal comfort factors such as the flow of wind speed, air humidity and air temperature in the room. The study was conducted as utilizing experimental met hod (experimental), is that creating two (2) rooms of the same size but with different treatment, one room (a) with voids and one other room (b) without voids.This study found that, 1). the existence of voids in a room are very significant in improving th ermal comfort of the room, 2). the existence of plants as an element of the interior garden are less significant in improving thermal comfort of the room 3). the interaction between the void and garden does not make a significant contribution in improving the thermal comfort of the room. Provision of void in a room will increase the speed of air flow.This study provides voids and garden design solutions that can provide the convenience factor, especially the aeration of space by minimizing the use of artif icial energy such as electricity and maximize the use of natural resources.

Study of the Effectivity of Several Tree Canopy Types on Roadside Green Belt in Influencing The Distribution Vertically and Horizontally of CO gas Emitted from Transportation Activities to Vicinity of The Road

High volume of vehicle leads to the increase of emission of pollutants level in major cities of Indonesia. Carbon monoxide (CO) is categorized as the main gas pollutants from transportation that are harmful to human health. Plants could be used as roadside green belt to reduce the level of pollutants emitted from the transportation. The purpose of this research is to determine tree canopy type that effectively reduce CO gas concentration, to determine the relation between tree canopy types and pollutant distribution vertically and horizontally. The research was conducted on roadside green belt of Jagorawi Highway, especially on the plot of glodogan (Polyanthea fragrans), plot of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) and a control plot (open filed). Air sampling was conducted to measure the concentration of CO at three elevation 1.5 m, 5 m, and 10 m at each distance 0 m, 10 m, and 30 m. Concentration of CO was analysed using Iodometri method. Vertical distribution of CO gas shows that the concentration increases with the increasing of sampling elevation on the plot of Polyalthia fragrans and Swietenia mahogany, but the control plot shows the opposite. Horizontal distribution shows that the concentration decreases at the distance 10 m on the plot of Polyalthia fragrans and Swietenia mahogany, but the concentration increases again at the distance 30 m. At the distance 10 m and an elevation 1.5 m, the highest decline percentage of CO occurs on the plot of Swietenia mahogany (45.1%), on the plot of Polyalthia fragrans is just 22.2%, while in control plot, it increases by 2.2%. At the distance 30 m and elevation 1.5 m, the concentration increased again on all of the plots. Thus roadside green belt with a thickness 10 m is not effective in reducing the concentration of CO at the distance 30 m or in residential areas.