Barbara Amon

Ammonia Abatement with Manure Storage and Processing Techniques

In this chapter we examine techniques for reducing NH3 emissions from stored manure, including: covers, storage design, and manure processing. Most techniques are for liquid manure stores, whereas there are few methods for solid manures and more research is needed. The cost effectiveness for reducing NH3 emissions by each technique was estimated using installation and operating cost data from several sources and published data on baseline emissions and emission reductions of the techniques. A key uncertainty in these cost-efficacy estimates is the baseline emission used to calculate the quantity of N conserved. It is therefore important to obtain regional baseline emission factors (consistent with national emission inventories) to ensure accurate cost estimates.

Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Different Stages of Liquid Manure Management Chains: Abatement Options and Emission Interactions

Farm livestock manure is an important source of ammonia and greenhouse gases. Concerns over the environmental impact of emissions from manure management have resulted in research efforts focusing on emission abatement. However, questions regarding the successful abatement of manure-related emissions remain. This study uses a meta-analytical approach comprising 89 peer-reviewed studies to quantify emission reduction potentials of abatement options for liquid manure management chains from cattle and pigs. Analyses of emission reductions highlight the importance of accounting for interactions between emissions. Only three out of the eight abatement options considered (frequent removal of manure, anaerobic digesters, and manure acidification) reduced ammonia (3-60%), nitrous oxide (21-55%), and methane (29-74%) emissions simultaneously, whereas in all other cases, tradeoffs were identified. The results demonstrate that a shift from single-stage emission abatement options towards a whole-chain perspective is vital in reducing overall emissions along the manure management chain. The study also identifies some key elements like proper clustering, reporting of influencing factors, and explicitly describing assumptions associated with abatement options that can reduce variability in emission reduction estimates. Prioritization of abatement options according to their functioning can help to determine low-risk emission reduction options, specifically options that alter manure characteristics (e.g., reduced protein diets, anaerobic digestion, or slurry acidification). These insights supported by comprehensive emission measurement studies can help improve the effectiveness of emission abatement and harmonize strategies aimed at reducing air pollution and climate change simultaneously.

Tierhaltung und Wirtschaftsdüngermanagement in Österreich - Erhebungskonzept und methodisches Vorgehen

To compute emission inventories, knowledge about animal husbandry and farm manure management is very important. The Division of Agricultural Engineering collects production process data from about 2,500 farms. Model farms are simulated from this and emissions calculated.

NH3-, N2O- und CH4-Emissionen aus einem Schrägbodenstall für Mastschweine

The straw flow system is an animal friendly and functioning housing system for fattening pigs. Greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions from a commercial straw flow system were continuously measured from June 2003 to April 2004. Emissions were always lower than the default values of forced ventilated fully slatted floor systems. The straw flow system combines animal welfare and environmental protection.

Emissionsinventur in Österreich

It is mandatory for countries to report emissions annually. The Division of Agricultural Engineering (ILT) is involved in compiling the emission inventory for the agricultural sector in Austria. ILT is a member of national and international working groups, which update guidelines for emission inventories and make proposals for abatement measures.