Baseem Khan

Transmission pricing using power flow tracing methodology with consideration N-1 security criterion

The transmission usage cost allocation is one of the major issues experienced by the Electric Supply Industries. A technique is proposed which is based on graph theory for the transmission usage cost allocation to generators. The proposed impact factor is used to allocate transmission usage cost to generator based on the contributions to maximum line flows under N-1 contingency condition. For allocating the cost, Line Outage Impact Factor (LOIF) and proposed Maximum Line Outage Impact Factor (MLOIF) is used. For transmission usage cost allocation modified MW-Mile method is used. IEEE 14 bus system is used to explain the feasibility of the proposed methodology.

A Shapley value approach for transmission usage cost allocation under contingent restructured market

Restructuring of Electricity supply industry introduced many issues such as transmission pricing, usage cost, loss cost and reliability margin (TRM) allocation. Many methods and algorithms have been developed to address these issues. In this paper authors propose a cooperative game theory based methodology for transmission usage cost allocation. For this purpose Shapley approach of cooperative game theory is used. Optimal usages are allocated at base case and under contingency condition by using cooperative game theory. Transmission usage cost is allocated under normal and N-1 contingency condition. Results are shown for the sample 6 bus system and IEEE 14 bus system.

A Comprehensive Review of Embedded Transmission Pricing Methods Based on Power Flow Tracing Techniques

Restructuring of electricity supply industry introduced the concept of deregulation. After deregulation transmission cost allocation is a vital issue. In the available literature, various authors have presented different methods for allocation of transmission cost. This paper presents the review of a variety of methods and algorithm based on the principle of power-flow tracing. For a fair and equitable transmission charge allocation it is necessary to know the quantum of power flowing by each generator and load in line flows. Power flow tracing techniques are mainly based on the concepts of proportional sharing principle, graph theory, circuit theory (Z-bus tracing), optimization approach, relative electrical distance concept, Equilateral bilateral exchange (EBE), and game theory. This paper presents a comprehensive review of all the available literature on the above.

A PSO based approach for usage and cost allocation under contingent restructured market

Restructuring of Electricity supply industry introduced many issues such as transmission pricing, usage, loss and cost allocation. Many methodologies have been proposed to address these issues. In this paper authors propose a graph theory based combined methodology which involves modified Kirchhoff matrix for transmission usage and cost allocation. For optimal usage allocation at contingent condition particle swarm optimization method is used. Full and partial recovery models of transmission cost allocation are also developed. First, the transmission usages are allocated to users for base case power flow by modified Kirchhoff matrix. For allocating transmission usage cost under contingency line outage distribution factor (LODF) are calculated. Further this factor is modified and calculated at maximum loading condition of line. Hence this index are called line outage distribution factor at maximum flow (LODFM). With the help of this index maximum transmission usage cost is recovered from the users. For usage cost allocation under contingency condition Modified MW-mile approach is used. Results are shown for the sample 6 bus system and IEEE 14 bus system.

Available transfer capability enhancement by unified power flow controller

In deregulated electricity market available transfer capability (ATC) are of great importance, because many generators and distributors are available for sending and receiving the power from the transmission line. Hence in this paper flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices are incorporated in the power system to enhance the ATC of transmission line. The third generation FACTS device such as Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is used for this purpose. Also voltage source modeling of FACTS device is used to show the ATC enhancements because by this model effect of parameters variation are incorporated for each iteration. Results are shown for sample 5 bus system.

Transmission pricing scheme under contingency conditions in open access market

In the deregulated power system, transmission pricing has become a very important task because it is necessary to develop an efficient, feasible and reliable pricing scheme that can generate the useful economic signals to transmission network users such as generating companies, distribution companies and customers. In a pool based market or bilateral contract market a number of techniques have been proposed to allocate the usage cost and loss cost of the transmission system to generators and/or loads under base case and contingency condition. In this paper, a new approach to allocate the usage cost and loss cost under contingency condition is presented. Maximum flow during an outage is calculated with the help of various line outage impact factors, then with the help of MW-Mile methodology, transmission usage cost and loss cost is allocated to users (generators and/or loads). Two test systems have been considered to check the efficiency and feasibility of the method namely Sample 6 and a large New England 39 bus system.

Optimal transmission pricing with reliability indices

In a restructured market, reliability cost, as a separate service, has not received much detailed analysis. Many issues such as transmission pricing, transmission loss allocation and congestion management have introduced. Many methodologies and algorithms were proposed for addressing these issues. In this paper Matrices methodology which is based on graph theory is proposed for the transmission usage and Transmission Reliability Margin (TRM) allocation for generators. This method provides TRM allocation in a direct way because all the computation is previously done for usage allocation. The proposed method is also used to allocate transmission usage to generator based on the contributions to line flows under normal conditions and under contingency conditions. For this purpose Line Outage Impact Factor (LOIF) is used. By this optimal flow of transmission line is calculated. For transmission usage cost allocation modified MW-Mile method is used. A comparison between proposed method and already existing methods also presents. Sample 6 bus system is used to explain the feasibility of the proposed methodology.