Bastien Sepúlveda

Escaping the Border, Debordering the Nature: Protected Areas, Participatory Management, and Environmental Security in Northern Patagonia (i.e. Chile and Argentina)

Abstract This paper focuses on the management of protected areas in transboundary contexts and centres on the contemporary evolution of the border between Chile and Argentina in Northern Patagonia, which is a region that has witnessed the creation of numerous protected areas that are currently claimed by Mapuche organisations and communities as part of their customary territory. In response to these claims, both states have progressively integrated Mapuche communities into the management of protected areas through specific agreements. Many of these protected areas have also been included in a Transboundary Biosphere Reserve proposal for UNESCO. A new environmental governance model that includes the protection of indigenous peoples’ rights is under construction not only along but also across the border between Chile and Argentina. Therefore, we discuss how participatory management could be viewed as a tool for redefining borders by linking environmental security in protected areas to human security in Mapuche communities. The article seeks to understand the role of environmental governance in shaping and/or overcoming political boundaries, and analyse how strategic mobilisations of the environment can advance the achievement of competing territorial projects led by different actors in different periods.

Geografías indígenas urbanas: el caso mapuche en La Pintana, Santiago de Chile

For many indigenous peoples, the city was historically constructed as a space of exclusion and domination that relegated them to the confi nes of the very idea of modernity. However, the current construction of collective spaces enables them to renegotiate their position within the urban fabric. This article aims at understanding the territorial reconfi gurations that have arisen in this context, using data collected through a fi eldwork (interviews, participatory observation and archival research) conducted between 2013 and 2014 with indigenous groups in La Pintana, located within the metropolitan area of Santiago. In addition to describing the processes of Mapuche migration in Chile and the modalities by which an urban territoriality is being formed, we also analyze the emergence of rukas over the last fi fteen years in La Pintana. We conclude that urban areas clearly form a portion of the contemporary Mapuche territorial dynamics.

La cuestión territorial indígena en América Latina: algunas perspectivas desde Chile y Argentina

1 Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile). E-mail: nmartinez@uct.cl 2 Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios Interculturales e Indígenas-ICIIS, Pontifi cia Universidad Católica de Chile (Chile). E-mail: bastien_sepulveda@yahoo.fr 3 School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand). E-mail: marcela.palomino-schalscha@vuw.ac.nz La cuestión territorial indígena constituye sin lugar a dudas un tema de actualidad que, desde ya varias décadas, se vincula a las fuertes movilizaciones que han protagonizado diversas organizaciones y comunidades indígenas en distintas partes del planeta. En América Latina, más específi camente, este proceso se ha manifestado con particular énfasis desde el comienzo de los años 1990, en las perspectivas abiertas por las contracelebraciones del quinto centenario del “Descubrimiento”. En efecto, en la mayoría de los países latinoamericanos, las reivindicaciones de numerosos pueblos y comunidades indígenas han venido cuestionando la realidad de una historia marcada por el sello del colonialismo y la usurpación. El “levantamiento indígena” liderado por la Confederación de Nacionalidades Indígenas del Ecuador (CONAIE) en 1990, las acciones del Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN) en Chiapas en 1994, o las movilizaciones pewenche contra el desarrollo hidroeléctrico en el Alto Biobío en Chile, son algunos ejemplos concretos de la vitalidad del movimiento indígena en la región.

Pueblos indígenas, saberes y descolonización: procesos interculturales en América Latina

Participar de la produccion y de la difusion del conocimiento ha sido y es el proposito del programa educacional impulsado, en distintos niveles y a diferentes escalas, por muchos pueblos indigenas en America Latina. Desde la implementacion de una educacion intercultural bilingue hasta la creacion de universidades indigenas, numerosos y variados han sido los caminos explorados hasta hoy. Todos, sin embargo, parecen apuntar a la reapropiacion de prerrogativas usurpadas en el transcurso de una ...