Beata Żelazowska-Rutkowska

Proinflammatory plasma cytokines in children with migraine.

Toward understanding the role of cytokines in migraine, this study focused on selected proinflammatory cytokines. The study group consisted of 21 children who had migraine with and without aura; the control group was 24 children with episodic tension-type headache. Plasma interleukin-1 alpha was undetectable in 19 control subjects with tension-type headache, but was detectable in 16 patients with migraine, which suggests that interleukin-1 alpha level might be higher in migraine. Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in the migraine group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.0005). Migraine patients tended to have increased tumor necrosis factor alpha level, compared with the control group. The interleukin-1 alpha level was significantly higher in migraine with aura than in migraine without aura (P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor alpha and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 levels tended to be increased in the migraine with aura subgroup. The results suggest that proinflammatory cytokines may be involved in the pathogenesis of migraine attacks, although fluctuations in cytokine levels could be different in children than in adults. Such difference could be due to long medical history of migraine in adult patients and frequent intake of analgesic drugs or prophylactic treatment.

Anti-inflammatory plasma cytokines in children and adolescents with migraine headaches

Studies have shown fluctuations of cytokine levels in patients with migraine headaches; however, further studies are needed to verify these results. Our previous studies suggest increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1alpha, sTNF-RI and TNF-alpha, in children with migraine headaches. In this study, we analyzed anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) in plasma from children and adolescents with migraine and tension-type headaches during the interictal period. The study group consisted of 35 children and adolescents between 8-18 years old, suffering from migraine headaches with or without aura. The control group consisted of 33 patients suffering from episodic tension-type headaches. IL-4 was detected in 17.1% of patients with migraine headaches and in 28.6% of patients with tension-type headaches. IL-13 was detected in 17.1% of patients with migraine headaches and in 15.2% of patients with tension-type headaches. IL-10 was only detected in 3 of 68 (4.4%) patients. Any significant correlations between measurable cytokine levels and age, gender, aura, duration of disease, frequency and severity of headaches were determined. Any significant fluctuations of selected anti-inflammatory cytokines during the headache-free period in children with migraine and tension-type headaches have been found, immune dysfunction in migraineurs could not be excluded.

Chosen factors of T and B cell apoptosis in hypertrophic adenoid in children with otitis media with effusion.

Evaluation of lymphocyte homeostasis within the chronically inflamed adenoid, closely related to the functioning of the immune system, may have a role in qualifying children for adenoidectomy. Apoptosis is a major process maintaining balance between tonsillar lymphocytes. The Fas receptor and Bcl-2 protein family which show pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic actions are of particular significance in apoptosis induction. Adenoid excised due to hypertrophy with or without chronic otitis media with effusion was used as study material. Flow cytometry was used to assess the percentages of apoptotic lymphocytes and CD4(+), CD8(+), CD19(+) cells with CD95(+) antigen and Bcl-2 protein in the group of children who underwent adenoidectomy due to adenoid hypertrophy and accompanying otitis media with effusion. The percentages of CD4(+)Bcl-2(+), CD8(+)Bcl-2(+) and CD19(+)Bcl-2(+) lymphocytes in the group of children with adenoid hypertrophy and acute otitis media were lower as compared to the reference group. However, the percentages of CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD19(+) cells with CD95(+) antigen were higher in the study group comparing to the reference group. The tendency of reduced percentages of T and B lymphocytes with Bcl-2 expression and elevated percentages of these cells with CD95(+) expression within the adenoid may reflect local immunity disorders.

Cardiac function in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Aim:  The study objective was to assess plasma N‐terminal–pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and to evaluate left ventricular mass as well as left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in 44 children who had undergone treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and Hodgkins lymphoma, with regard to gender, age at disease onset, time that had passed since therapy completion, cumulative dose of antracyclines and mediastinal radiotherapy applied.

Ocena odsetka limfocytów CD19+CD5+ w przerosłych migdałkach gardłowych u dzieci chorych na wysiękowe zapalenie ucha środkowego☆☆☆

Summary Introduction Otitis media with effusion and hypertrophied adenoid are still common diseases in childhood. Adenoid has particular meaning to develop of immunological response to inflammations in upper respiratory inclusive middle ear. The origin CD19+CD5+ B cells remains controversial. The differentiation response to ligation of CD5 resulting in apoptosis or proliferation lymphocytes. The aim of this study was compare the percentage of CD19+CD5+ lymphocytes in hypertrophied adenoid tissue at children with otitis media with effusion to comparative group without inflammatory state in middle ear. Material and methods We tested 37 children in examine group with hypertrophied adenoid and otitis media with effusion (OME), and 32 children in comparative group only with hypertrophied adenoid (HA). We also divided both groups into two groups, above 5 and over 5 years old. We made the research by flow cytometry method. We used anty-CD19 and anty-CD5 monoclonal antibodies to examinations. Results In this study we showed significantly higher percentage of the CD19+CD5+ lymphocytes at children with examined group (OME 22.12 ± 4.31%) than in comparative group (HA 19.16 ± 4.32%), p Conclusions The significant higher percentage of B lymphocytes with expressions of CD5+ receptor in hypertrophied adenoid tissue at children with otitis media with effusion are important to develop of early immunological response to inflammatory state in middle ear.

Ekspresja koreceptorów CD80 i CD86 na limfocytach B w przerosłych migdałkach gardłowych u dzieci chorych na wysiękowe zapalenie ucha środkowego

Summary Aim The aim of this study was evaluation of the percentage and mean fluorescence intensity of lymphocytes B with expression CD80 and CD86 in hypertrophied adenoids in children with otitis media with effusion. Material and methods Expression coreceptors CD80 and CD86 on lymphocytes B in adenoid tissue were estimated by flow cytometry method. 15 children with otitis media with effusion and 15 children with hypertrophied adenoid were tested. Results This study showed significantly higher percentage of lymphocytes CD19+CD80+ in children with otitis media with effusion (OME 1,42% ± 0,91) than in comparative group with hypertrophied adenoids (AH 0,63% ± 0,21). The receptor CD86 didn’t show differences in expression on lymphocytes B between both examinated groups. Conclusion Low expression of CD80 and CD86 indicates that local immunity response in hypertrophied adenods in children with otitis media with effusion is weakened. It can contribute to the otitis media with effusion.

Komórki dendrytyczne w tkance przerosłych migdałków gardłowych u dzieci chorych na wysiękowe zapalenie ucha środkowego

Summary Introduction The adenoids are organized as lymphoepithelial structures that play an important role in protecting both the upper respiratory and alimentary tract regions. This functions requires dendritic cells (DC) which are one of the major populations of immune cells. Due to the presence of specific receptors (DC) are able to respond to both inrta- and extracellular antigens. Dendritic cells activating immunological response in tonsil contribute formation immunologic competent cells on necessity of rolling inflammatory process in middle ear. Aim of study An investigation was executed in hypertrophied adenoids with or without otitis media with effusion. Methods By flow cytometry percentage of CD11c + myeloid DC and 123 + plasmacytoid DC in hypertrophied adenoid and hypertrophied adenoid and otitis media with effusion was analyzed. Results The percentage of CD11c + myeloid DC and 123 + plasmacytoid DC was similar in hypertrophied adenoid and otitis media with effusion compared to the control group. Conclusions Our data show that part of dendritic cells has not on course of inflammatory process influence rolling in middle ear.

Ekspresja receptora CD27 na limfocytach T i B w tkance przerosłych migdałków gardłowych u dzieci chorych na wysiękowe zapalenie ucha środkowego

Summary Introduction Adenoid has particular meaning to develop of immunological response to inflammations in upper respiratory inclusive middle ear. The mining of antigen CD27 on lymphocytes T and B in creation of memory cells is still unclear. Aim CD27 on lymphocytes T and B has a crucial role in development of immune response against inflammatory state. Aim of this study was evaluation functions of lymhocytes with expression CD27 in hypertrophied adenoid in children with otitis media with effusion. Matherial and methods We tested 24 children in examine group with hypertrophied adenoid and otitis media with effusion (OME), and 29 children in comparative group only with hypertrophied adenoid (HA). We also divided both groups into two groups, above 5 and over 5 years old. We made the research by flow cytometry method. We used anty-CD19, anty-CD3, anty-CD5 and anty-CD27 monoclonal antibodies to examinations. Results We showed the lowest percentage lymphocytes B CD5+ with expression of CD27 in subgroup older children with otitis media with effusion (O.M.E. 22,43 ± 2,66%) in compartative to younger children in the same group (15,96 ± 5,31%; p Conclusions Iteraction of CD27-CD70 regulates many functions of T and B lymphocytes. It seems that disorders humoral immunologucal answer in hypertrophied adenoids are supported to develop of otitis media with effusion.INTRODUCTION Adenoid has particular meaning to develop of immunological response to inflammations in upper respiratory inclusive middle ear. The mining of antigen CD27 on lymphocytes T and B in creation of memory cells is still unclear. AIM CD27 on lymphocytes T and B has a crucial role in development of immune response against inflammatory state. Aim of this study was evaluation functions of lymhocytes with expression CD27 in hypertrophied adenoid in children with otitis media with effusion. MATERIAL AND METHODS [corrected] We tested 24 children in examine group with hypertrophied adenoid and otitis media with effusion (OME), and 29 children in comparative group only with hypertrophied adenoid (HA). We also divided both groups into two groups, above 5 and over 5 years old. We made the research by flow cytometry method. We used anty-CD19, anty-CD3, anty-CD5 and anty-CD27 monoclonal antibodies to examinations. RESULTS We showed the lowest percentage lymphocytes B CD5+ with expression of CD27 in subgroup older children with otitis media with effusion (O.M.E. 22.43 +/- 2.66%) in compartative to younger children in the same group (15.96 +/- 5.31%; p < 0.005) and to older comparative subgroup (H.A. 15.50 +/- 8.03; p < 0.001). Percentages of B CD5 cells with expression of CD27 was statistical lower in examinated group (7.25 +/- 3.81) than in comparative group (H.A. 16.26 +/- 5.82; p < 0.04). In group with hypertrophied adenoid showed higher percentages of CD5-CD27+CD19+ cells both in younger and older supgroup than in equivalent supgroups with O.M.E. CONCLUSIONS Iteraction of CD27-CD70 regulates many functions of T and B lymphocytes. It seems that disorders humoral immunologucal answer in hypertrophied adenoids are supported to develop of otitis media with effusion.

Ocena odsetka limfocytów B z ekspresją koreceptorów CD40, CD22 i CD72 w przerosłych migdałkach gardłowych dzieci chorych na wysiękowe zapalenie ucha

Summary Introduction In hypertrophied adenoid lymphocytes B make up about 60% all lymphocytes. When the lymphocytes B come in interaction with antigens this membranes signal be passed through their receptor (BCR) to interior of cell. This signal affect modulation on gene expression, activation from which depends activation, anergy or apoptosis of lymphocyte B. Accompany BCR co-receptors regulate his functions influence stimulate or inhibitive. To the most important co-receptors stepping out on lymphocyte B belong: CD40, CD22, CD72. Aim of study The aim of study was evaluation of lymphocytes B (CD19) with co-expression with CD72 and CD40 receptors in hypertrophied adenoid with at children with otitis media with effusion. Material An investigation was executed in hypertrophied adenoids with or without otitis media with effusion. Methods By flow cytometry percentage of lymphocytes B with co-receptors CD 40, CD22 and CD72 in was analyzed. Results The percentages of CD19+CD72+ lymphocytes in the group of children with adenoid hypertrophy and exudative otitis media were lower as compared to the reference group. However, the percentages of CD19+CD22+, CD19+CD40+ in the study group was approximate to the reference group. Conclusions The lower percentage of lymphocytes B CD72 + near approximate percentages of lymphocytes B CD40+ and BCD22+ at children with otitis media with effusion can be the cause of incorrect humoral response in hypertrophied adenoid at children. Maybe it is cause reduced spontaneous production IgA and IgG through lymphocyte at children with otitis media with effusion.

Ekspresja wybranych receptorów chemokin na limfocytach Th przerosłych migdałków gardłowych w wysiękowym zapaleniu ucha środkowego

Summary Introduction Chemokine receptors play a crucial role in the recruitment of leucocytes into inflamed tissue from secondary lymphoid organs. Aim of this study was evaluation of the percentage Th (CD4+) lymphocytes with expression of chemokine receptors: CCR3, CCR4, and CCR5 in hypertrophied adenois tissue in children with otitis media with effusion. Material and methods 36 children with otitis media with effusion and 25 children with hypertrophied adenoids were tested. Expression of chemokine receptors CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5 on T CD4 lymphocytes of hypertrophied adenoids tissue was estimated by flow cytometry method. Results Average percentage of T CD4+ lymphocytes with expression CCR4 in hypertrophied adenoid in children group with otitis media with effusion (OME = 64,11%) was significantly higher than in comparative group with hypertrophied adenoid (HA = 75,05%, p Conclusion Results suggests that intensify of humoral immunological answer in hypertrophied adenoid depends on Th2 lymphocytes with expression CCR3 and CCR4 chemokine receptors in course of inflammatory state in middle ear.