Beong Ou Lim

Effect of Dietary Fiber on the Lipid Metabolism and Immune Function of Aged Sprague-Dawley Rats

Eight-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on diets containing dietary fiber at the 5% level for 3 weeks to examine the effect on the lipid metabolism and immune function. Among cellulose, guar gum, partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), glucomannan and highly methoxylated pectin, guar gum induced a significant decrease in the food intake and weight gain, as well as a significant increase in the liver weight. In addition, the epidydimal adipose tissue weight of the rats fed on PHGG was significantly higher than that of the rats fed on cellulose. There was no significant effect on the serum lipid levels, but the serum IgG level of the rats fed on guar gum was significantly lower than that of the rats fed on cellulose. The IgA and IgG productivity in mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes was significantly higher in the rats fed on guar gum, glucomannan and pectin than in those fed on cellulose, while the effect on Ig productivity in spleen lymphocytes was not as marked. In addition, only guar gum induced a significant increase of IgM productivity in MLN lymphocytes when compared to the cellulose group. These results suggest that enhancement of the immune function by dietary fiber is mainly expressed in the gut immune system.

Effect of Dietary Pectin on the Production of Immunoglobulins and Cytokines by Mesenteric Lymph Node Lymphocytes in Mouse Colitis Induced with Dextran Sulfate Sodium

The present study explores the dietary effect of pectin on the MLN lymphocyte functions of mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DS)-induced colitis. We found that the immunoglobulin (Ig)A level in mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes was high, while the IgE level was lower, in mice fed with pectin than in those fed with cellulose. Interestingly, the fecal IgA concentration of the pectin-fed mice was significantly higher than that of the cellulose-fed mice. The concentrations of interferon-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 treated with concanavalin A (ConA) were significantly higher in the pectin-fed group than in the cellulose-fed group. Although dietary pectin did not affect the IL-4 and IL-10 levels, the activation-induced IL-4 and IL-10 secretion was lower in MLN cells of the pectin-fed mice than of the cellulose-fed mice following DS-induced colitis. Based on these findings, we propose that the effect of dietary pectin on mice with DS-induced colitis is mediated by the manipulation of Th1 cells. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of IL-4 and IL-10 by dietary pectin may play an important role in promoting a change in Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1-dominant immunity.

Effect of the flavonoid components obtained from Scutellaria radix on the histamine, immunoglobulin E and lipid peroxidation of spleen lymphocytes of Sprague-Dawley rats.

The effect on the IgE content induced by concanavalin A in spleen lymphocytes of the presence wogonin, ganhuangenin, wogonoside and 3,5,7,2′,6′-pentahydroxyl flavanone was investigated. These flavonoid components markedly inhibited the histamine released from cells stimulated with the calcium ionophore, A23187. However, the magnitude of the inhibitory effect on the degree of lipid peroxidation by ConA of these components was in order of PHF> GHG>WG>WGS. Interestingly, WG, GHG and WGS, with a methoxyl group in the A and B rings, strongly inhibited histamine and IgE production, whereas PHF without a methoxyl group was much stronger than that for lipid peroxidation. We suggest that WG, GHG and WGS might block the pathway for the release of histamine, and that the IgE level in spleen lymphocytes is responsible for the lipid peroxidation.

Immunoglobulin and cytokine production from mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes is regulated by extracts of Cordyceps sinensis in C57Bl/6N mice.

Cordyceps sinensis, one of the well-known fungi used in traditional Chinese medicine, is recognized to play a role in the metabolic process of inflammation and immunity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of water extracts of C. sinensis on the immune function of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes in C57Bl/6N mice. C. sinensis-treated mice were administered the respective extract by oral gavage for 4 weeks. Immunoglobulin E concentrations in serum and MLN lymphocytes were significantly lower in C. sinensis-treated mice than in control mice. In contrast, the immunoglobulin A concentration from the C. sinensis group was higher than that in control mice. C. sinensis increased the proportion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in MLN lymphocytes. C. sinensis significantly decreased interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 cytokine concentrations. Therefore, water extracts of C. sinensis modulate immune parameters through regulation of immunoglobulin production resulting from decreased T-lymphocyte helper 2 cytokine secretion and reduce cytokine secretion in MLN lymphocytes.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hericium erinaceus Water Extracts

This study was conducted to determine the antioxidative activity of Hericium erinaceus (HE) and we investi- gated that HE extract contributes to cell proliferation and to anti-LPS-induced inflammation. HE extract showed high DPPH free radical scavenging activity. However, the reducing power activity slightly increased in compare with control. Nitrite scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, SOD-like activity of HE were elevated in dose-dependent. The level of total phenolic and flavonoid showed 30.06 ㎎/100 g and 33.86 ㎎/100 g, respectively. Linoleic acid oxidation inhibi- tion had reached a maximum level on the fourth day and started to drop from the fifth day. HE extract contributes to cell proliferation on the RAW 264.7 cell. Our finding demonstrated that water extracts of HE possess significant antioxidant activities and may be suggested a new potential source of anti-inflammatory medicines.

Free Radical Scavenging Activity and Protective Effect against H2O2-Induced Stress in Neuronal Cells of Enzymatic Extracts from Sarcodon aspratus

【The antioxidative activity of various enzymatic extracts from Sarcodon aspratus (S. aspratus) was evaluated by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and alkyl radical scavenging activity using an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. For this study, the S. aspratus were enzymatically hydrolyzed by seven carbohydrases (Viscozyme, Celluclast, Dextrozyme, AMG, Promozyme, Maltogenase, and Termamyl) and eight proteases (

Dietary β-Glucan Regulates the Levels of Inflammatory Factors, Inflammatory Cytokines, and Immunoglobulins in Interleukin-10 Knockout Mice

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Dietary Restriction Downregulates Free Radical and Lipid Peroxide Production: Plausible Mechanism for Elongation of Life Span

-chymotrypsin, Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Neutrase, papain, pepsin, Protamax, and trypsin). The DPPH radical scavenging activities of Viscozyme and pepsin extracts were the highest, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (

Efficacy of Dietary Aloe vera Supplementation on Hepatic Cholesterol and Oxidative Status in Aged Rats

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Inhibitory effects of 1,3-selenazol-4-one derivatives on mushroom tyrosinase

) values were 0.896 and 0.734mg/mL, respectively. The Celluclast and trypsin extracts showed the highest scavenging activities on alkyl radical, and their