Bernabé Pf

Root canal treatment with calcium hydroxide

Root canals of dog premolar teeth were negotiated and overfilled with calcium hydroxide paste. After 30 days, half of the treated teeth were refilled up to the apical limit. Root canals not filled were considered as the control group. Ninety days after the first treatment, histologic analysis showed more favorable results in the refilled root canals. The overfilling elicits calcium hydroxide resorption and the ingrowth of periapical connective tissue into the root canal.

Root canal treatment with calcium hydroxide: II. Effect of instrumentation beyond the apices

Root canals of dog premolar teeth were instrumented beyond the apices and enlarged up to the size of a No. 40 or 80 file and filled with calcium hydroxide up to the foramen. Ninety days later the histologic data showed more favorable results with the root canals instrumented until file No. 80.

Root canal treatment with calcium hydroxide. III. Effect of debris and pressure filling.

Root canals of dog premolar teeth with or without debris were filled with calcium hydroxide with or without pressure. The histologic results, 90 days after treatment, showed better results in the specimens without debris. More favorable results were obtained with the pressure filling when debris was present in small amounts.

Evaluation of the apical infiltration after root canal disruption and obturation

The aim of this study was to evaluate two root canal filling techniques used in teeth that had their apical foramen disrupted and compare the apical infiltration with an ideal clinical situation. Twenty-seven freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were selected and radiographed to confirm the existence of a single and straight root canal. The crowns were removed at a mean distance of 11 mm from the apex. The teeth had the root canals instrumented and were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=9): ND group - root canals were filled using the lateral compaction technique and no disruption was performed; DRF group - the apical constriction was disrupted by advancing a #40 K-file 1 mm beyond the original working length, the canals were reinstrumented to create an apical ledge at 1 mm from the apical foramen and were obturated with a master gutta-percha cone with same size as the last file used for reinstrumentation; DF group - the teeth had the apical constriction disrupted and the canals were obturated with a master gutta-percha cone that fit at 1 mm from the apex. The teeth were submitted to dye leakage test with Rhodamine B for 7 days, using vaccum on the initial 5 min. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally and the leakage was measured in a linear fashion from apex to crown. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the groups that had the apical foramen disrupted (DF, DRF), but significant difference was found between the disrupted groups and the non-disrupted one (p<0.01). In conclusion, none of the evaluated techniques was able to prevent apical infiltration, so working length so the working length determination has to be established and maintained carefully.

Evaluation of tissue response to periodontal dressings: histological study in tooth sockets of rats.

Although the use of periodontal dressings is currently limited, there are some indications for their use. Selection of any material that will have direct contact with live tissues, such as periodontal dressings, should be careful in order to allow surgical wound healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intensity of inflammatory response and bone formation in tooth sockets of rats after implantation of three periodontal dressings. After removal of the right maxillary incisors of 84 male rats, each tooth socket received implantation of a polyethylene tube, 63 of which were filled with non-eugenol periodontal dressing and the remaining 21 tubes remained empty (control group). Histological evaluation assessed the intensity of inflammatory response and presence and location of bone tissue formation at postoperative periods of 7, 14 and 28 days. Statistical analysis was performed by the Kruskal-Wallis test at 5% significance level. Regarding the inflammatory infiltrate, at 28 days, there was statistically significant difference between one of periodontal dressings and control group (p<0.05). Analysis of postoperative periods, showed that the control group presented statistically significant reduction in the inflammatory infiltrate comparing the 14- and 28-day periods (p<0.05). Regarding bone tissue formation, there was difference in control group between the 7- and 28-day periods (p<0.05). Within the experimental conditions, it may be concluded that no differences were found in the inflammatory response among the groups at 7 and 14 days and that Voco pac™ dressing induced a more intensive inflammatory reaction at 28 days.