Bernard Hanes

Pulmonary Changes in 7,000 Mice Following Prolonged Exposure to Ambient and Filtered Los Angeles Air

This report summarizes the incidence and appearance of lung tumors and pneumonitis in over 7,000 mice, following prolonged exposure to ambient as compared with filtered Los Angeles air. Mice in the ambient air colonies showed no difference in histologic appearance and no increase in incidence of lung tumors in two lung tumor susceptible and one lung tumor resistant strains; on the contrary, more lung adenomas in A/J mice were noted in the filtered air group. Acute bronchopneumonia and interstitial pneumonitis were qualitatively similar but quantitatively significantly more common in ambient air C57 black mice. The findings suggest that prolonged exposure to ambient Los Angeles air is associated in several strains of mice with an increased susceptibility to pulmonary infection but not to increased pulmonary neoplasia.

The peripheral white blood count in respirovirus infection

The peripheral white blood counts and differentials of 246 infants and children with lower respiratory disease and 96 asymptomatic patients with similar viral infections were analyzed and compared. The median white blood count (WBC) for patients with lower respiratory disease was 14,465 per cubic millimeter. The median WBC for the asymptomatic group was 9,000 per cubic millimeter. Patients with lower respiratory disease had significantly more immature forms than asymptomatic patients. Differences in segmented neutrophils and lymphocytes were not as great. The degree of leukocytosis in patients with lower respiratory disease was not influenced by day of disease, age, or specific viral, etiologic agents. These data indicate that leukocytosis may also be associated with viral disease of the lower respiratory tract and that “infection” alone is insufficient to call forth the response. It is recommended that the classic concepts concerning the leukocytic response to infection be modified.

Factors affecting ECHO-9 Virus Recovery from Cerebrospinal Fluid.

The clinical laboratory findings in a group of 104 patients with aseptic meningitis associated with ECHO-9 infection are presented and analyzed in an attempt to delineate factors affecting the isolation of virus from the CSF.Statistical analysis failed to adduce significant relationships between the sex of the patients, the peripheral white blood cell counts, the CSF cell counts and differentials, or the CSF protein levels and the ability to recover ECHO-9 from CSF samples. Though these findings cannot implicate interferon or antibody as factors mediating recovery from viral central nervous system disease, direct measurement of both would be necessary for definitive conclusions. However, it seems unlikely that cerebrospinal fluid interferon levels have any direct relationship to the degree of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis.Factores Afficiente le Recovrage de Virus ECHO-9 ab le Liquido Cephalo-RhachideeEs presentate le constatationes de laboratorio clinic in un gruppo de 104 patientes con meningitis aseptic, associate con infection per virus ECHO-9. Le datos es analysate con le objectivo de delinear factores afficiente le isolation de virus ab le liquido cephalo-rhachidee.Le analyse statistic produceva nulle significative relationes del possibilitate de-isolar virus ECHO-9 ab specimens de liquido cephalo-rhachidee con le sexo del patientes, con le numeration leucocytic in sanguine peripheric, con le numerationes total e differential de cellulas in le liquido cephalo-rhachidee, o con le nivellos de proteina in le liquido cephalo-rhachidee. Ben que iste constatationes non suffice a provar que interferon o anticorpore es factores que age como mediatores in le restablimento ab morbo de virus del systema nervose central, directe mesurationes de ambes es necessari pro arrivar a definitive conclusiones. Tamen, il pare pauco probabile que le nivellos de interferon in le liquido cephalo-rhachidee es directemente relationate con le grado de pleocytosis del liquido cephalo-rhachidee.

Histopathologic Findings in Rats Exposed to Ambient and Filtered Air

There is no significant difference in life span or weight at death of rats living in ambient vs filtered Los Angeles atmosphere; nor is there any discernible histologic effect upon lung tissue following prolonged exposure of rats to ambient Los Angeles atmosphere. There appears to be a more abrupt increase in the incidence of chronic nephritis male rats in ambient air, commencing at about 650 days of age, and the overall incidence of advanced chronic nephritis at spontaneous death is significantly greater in male rats exposed to ambient air. These findings raise the possibility that exogenous factors in the Los Angeles atmosphere may promote the development of this renal degenerative disease.