Bernard Massiera

Is motivation for marathon a protective factor or a risk factor of injury

This research investigated whether and how self‐determined motivation predicts perceived susceptibility to injury during competition (marathon). Two correlational studies including 378 (Study 1) and 339 (Study 2) marathon runners were conducted. Participants filled out a questionnaire the day before the race measuring self‐determined motivation, perceived susceptibilities to marathon‐related injury and to keep running through pain, and control variables. Study 1 showed that self‐determined motivation was negatively related to perceived susceptibility to marathon‐related injury. Study 2 replicated this finding and showed that this relationship was partially mediated by perceived susceptibility to keep running through pain during the race. Moreover, results indicated that the predictive role of self‐determination was mostly driven by controlled forms of motivation, and more particularly external regulation. These results suggest that self‐determined motivation for sport is a protective factor of injury.

Mountain guides: between ethics and socioeconomic trends

This study analysed mountain guides’ representations of environmental responsibility and explored the paradox that these professionals face: using nature as a source of income while trying to preserve it. The study was mainly guided by the philosophical literature on this topic and made use of the concepts of sustainable development and nature. This exploratory work therefore contributes to the new field of environmental social psychology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and the qualitative analysis showed that mountain guides have a very sensitive and contemplative approach to moral aspects of our relationship with nature, which they try to transmit to their clients. They believe that this is a way to educate people about sustainable development, but this term emerged as quite vague for them, and they expressed the opinion that it might hide other concerns, such as to make translating it into moral conduct a difficult matter and to compromise their identity as moral actors.

L’influence déterminante du contexte sociohistorique sur la gouvernance des installations sportives : le cas de la ville de Nice

To accommodate sporting events of international significance, the city of Nice has built a large stadium, the Allianz Riviera. However, since decentralization, the public sector can no longer contribute, by itself, to the budgets dedicated to sports facilities. In light of changing patterns of management of sports facilities in the city of Nice, this study allows us to understand the system that mobilizes different actors motivated by various interests. The socio-economic approach through symbolic interactionism allows the development of ‘formal models compatible with local historical analysis,’ following Callède and Dané. With a focus on models of interpenetration, the study allows us to see, firstly, the underlying power relationships that govern the interactions between different actors, this being a prerequisite for the emergence of a new model of governance applicable in the context of this large-scale project in the city of Nice.

Ideological challenges to developing leisure sport in Romania: a cultural and historical analysis of the impact of elite sport on popular sport practice

In contrast to the national government willingness, the development of mass physical activities remains limited in Romania. This matter of fact is particular in regard of the elite sports team high level results and the countrys integration into the European Union which contributes to social and economic emancipation. This paradox has motivated us to link todays sport situation and the countrys sport strategy since 1945. The sports policy in Romania has made some representations far away from hedonistic dimensions of physical activity. This heritage is obvious in the promotion of sport by the government. Romanian institutions communicate on the possibilities of social improvement by competition and the functional benefits of physical activity. This functional vision of sport and the cultural heritage of the country obstructs the hedonistic values that characterize todays popular games and leisure practices.