Bernd Bochow

Position-aware ad hoc wireless networks for inter-vehicle communications: the Fleetnet project

The Fleetnet project aims at the development of a wireless ad hoc network for inter-vehicle communications. We present the rationale behind the choice of an appropriate radio hardware and the use of a position-based routing approach and outline applications to exploit the Fleetnet platform. In addition, we discuss simulation of vehicle movements as a basis for protocol evaluation as well as aspects of Internet integration of Fleetnet. We state the basic problems together with the intended approach of tackling these challenges, thereby providing an overview of the Fleetnet project

Vehicular Networking: Automotive Applications and Beyond

During the last 15 years, the interest in vehicular communication has grown, especially in the automotive industry. Due to the envisioned mass market, projects focusing on Car-to-X communication experience high public visibility. This book presents vehicular communication in a broader perspective that includes more than just its application to the automotive industry. It provides, researchers, engineers, decision makers and graduate students in wireless communications with an introduction to vehicular communication focussing on car-to-x and train-based systems. • Emphasizes important perspectives of vehicular communication including market area, application areas, and standardization issues as well as selected topics featuring aspects of developing, prototyping, and testing vehicular communication systems.

IEEE dynamic spectrum access networks standards committee

This article presents the latest status and achievements of the IEEE Communication Society Standards for Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, formerly IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 41, which develops standards in the areas of dynamic spectrum access, cognitive radio, interference management, coordination of wireless systems, advanced spectrum management, and policy languages for next generation radio systems under the sponsorship of the IEEE Communications Society. The article also envisions future directions for the DYSPAN Committee.

Purpose-Driven, Self-Growing Networks - A Framework for Enabling Cognition in Systems of Systems

Purpose-driven, self-growing networks are a novel concept using their service or geographical extend to augment network capacity or operational constrains such as energy consumption. This paper builds upon the purpose-driven, self-growing paradigm: it contributes a first step towards a framework allowing a formal description and performance evaluation of such novel network functionality. The paper hereby shows how purpose-driven, self- growing networks can be described by their network lifecycle. The latter is decomposed into transition points and associated parameters, rules for transition between points, and associated costs. By applying backward reasoning, the paper contributes a mathematical description of the lifecycle and presents first ideas how such representation can be used for network optimization.

Spectrum sensing infrastructure support for IEEE 1900.6b sensing-assisted spectrum databases

Spectrum databases are increasingly being used, particularly in spectrum sharing mechanisms, but also in realms such as network optimization, novel licensing regimes, and regulatory monitoring, among others. Spectrum databases are often far more effective, reactive, or sometimes even are required to operate, in conjunction with spectrum sensing - especially if their operation requires automation. Given such observations, this paper presents an update on the IEEE 1900.6b standards work on spectrum sensing to support such databases. Specifically, this paper provides an overview of IEEE 1900.6 and the current work towards 1900.6b, pinpointing the latest updates and thoughts on aspects of the system model incorporating spectrum databases, as well as use cases for the standard. It particularly concentrates on some of the more recent developments and challenges that IEEE 1900.6 is addressing for 1900.6b, such as sharing of sensing infrastructures with different client constraints (noting that spectrum databases - the clients - may have very different requirements in terms of measures such as accuracy and reliability), flexibility in the definition of sensing infrastructures, and security requirements, among many others. This paper finishes by presenting some detail on an experimental set-up for an upcoming trial of the IEEE 1900.6 standard as amended with IEEE 1900.6b capabilities, supporting the operation of a spectrum database as a key European showcase.

IEEE 1900.6b: Sensing support for spectrum databases

A number of key examples of spectrum databases in wireless communications either persist or are in the process of being instantiated. Perhaps one of the most notable recent developments in this area is the spectrum databases that enable secondary usage of TV White Space (TVWS), authorized by regulators such as the FCC in the US, Ofcom in the UK, and various others internationally. Such developments have moved away from spectrum sensing for detection and secondary usage of TV band spectrum opportunities. However, it is clear that spectrum sensing might still viably assist opportunistic spectrum usage, even from a regulatory point of view, both in TVWS and in other forms of spectrum sharing. This also might be the case in wireless communications in general (e.g., in the context of self-organizing networks), particularly when spectrum sensing methods are employed to enhance or verify the operation of spectrum databases. To this end, the IEEE 1900.6 working group is undertaking an amendment standard project, IEEE 1900.6b, on spectrum sensing support for spectrum databases. This paper addresses the IEEE 1900.6 background, and reasoning for the 1900.6b amendment standard, as well as the use cases for the amendment standard and the deployment scenarios and benefits for such standardized spectrum sensing support for spectrum databases. It also provides qualitative arguments of the benefits of the approach using real information from an operational TVWS spectrum database compared with measurements at the same location. It is shown that spectrum sensing to support such a database might viably increase the amount of TV band spectrum available at that location for opportunistic usage, with 4 Watts EIRP, from around 24 MHz to around 240 MHz.

The self-growing concept as a design principle of cognitive self-organization

In next generation systems and networks self-organization in networks of collaborating networks is expected to relax some of the intricacies of managing complex cooperative communication systems. In particular, in the presence of distributed cognitive decision-making, increasing complexity may increase potential interference between collaborating networks hence leading to performance, robustness and dependability issues. This paper focuses on a specific form of self-organization denoted here as self-growing, which is believed to provide a foundation for flexible, open and trustworthy networks, relax some of the scalability issues of collaborating cognitive networks, as well as to enable self-organization for resource constrained systems.

An SDN-based solution for increasing flexibility and reliability of dedicated network environments

To pave the way towards using adapted wide scale telco technologies within dedicated networks environment, there is a dire need to increase the reliability of the end-to-end communication beyond what is currently offered to individual subscribers towards the levels previously available in operations technology. This can be achieved by adding a new dynamic Software Defined Networks (SDN) routing overlay on top of the existing point-to-point forwarding technologies. This article introduces an SDN-based solution for dedicated industrial environments, aiming at providing a new level of flexibility and adaptability in case of network or service failure. A gap analysis of the existing infrastructures gives the basis for the network evolution, especially addressing the control of the routing within the given deployment. Furthermore, a new set of functional features are proposed to be added to the existing wired and to the emerging wireless infrastructure in order to further increase the network flexibility and reliability from network availability and optimal data paths perspective. The different features are then exemplified as existing and further to be implemented extensions of the Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenSDNCore toolkit, assessing the effectiveness of the approach for different deployments and use cases.

Enabling cognition in system of systems: The distributed self-growing architecture

This paper presents initial work towards an architecture suitable for purpose-driven, self-growing networking as realized by distributed cognitive decision engines within the network. Starting from describing basic modules enabling for self-growing, the paper derives a logical architecture for realizing the concept at various network levels. Mapping results to the UMTS stratum model shows potential for immediate applicability of the concept to deployed networks.