Bharatkumar Rajiv Manuel Vyas

Potential of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics for management of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality and is the fourth most common malignant neoplasm in USA. Escaping apoptosis and cell mutation are the prime hallmarks of cancer. It is apparent that balancing the network between DNA damage and DNA repair is critical in preventing carcinogenesis. One-third of cancers might be prevented by nutritious healthy diet, maintaining healthy weight and physical activity. In this review, an attempt is made to abridge the role of carcinogen in colorectal cancer establishment and prognosis, where special attention has been paid to food-borne mutagens and functional role of beneficial human gut microbiome in evading cancer. Further the significance of tailor-made prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics in cancer management by bio-antimutagenic and desmutagenic activity has been elaborated. Probiotic bacteria are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a healthy benefit on the host. Prebiotics are a selectively fermentable non-digestible oligosaccharide or ingredient that brings specific changes, both in the composition and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microflora, conferring health benefits. Synbiotics are a combination of probiotic bacteria and the growth promoting prebiotic ingredients that purport “synergism.”

Decolorization of sulfonphthalein dyes by manganese peroxidase activity of the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Manganese peroxidase (MnP) was produced by shallow stationary cultures ofPhanerochaete chrysosporium growing on N-limited medium. Decolorization of sulfonphthalein (SP) dyes by MnP was investigated. The MnP activity profile and decolorization of SP dyes was correlated and almost all dyes were decolorized at pH 4.0. The influence of various inhibitors on Bromocresol Purple decolorization suggested an oxidative nature of the MnP-catalyzed decolorization of SP dyes.

Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial proteins produced by a potential probiotic strain of human Lactobacillus rhamnosus 231 and its effect on selected human pathogens and food spoilage organisms

Abstract Objective: To study in vitro properties of potential probiotics and the antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus 231 isolated from human faeces. Methods and Results: Lact. rhamnosus 231 isolated from human faeces tolerated bile salt (4%), phenol (0.5%), and NaCl (4%) and retained viability at low pH (2.5). The cell-free culture (CFC) filtrate and extracellular protein concentrate (EPC) of Lact. rhamnosus 231 contained antimicrobial substances active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, and Listeria monocytogenes. EPC contained a mixture of low molecular weight antimicrobial proteins, produced during log and stationary phases of growth against the test organisms. Thermostability of the antimicrobial proteins and their sensitivity to proteinase K was observed to be test organism specific. The antimicrobial activity was observed in the pH range 4.5–9 except against Ps. aeruginosa and Ent. aerogenes. These antimicrobial proteins are low molecular weight (4 kDa) anionic peptides as determined by tricine-SDS-PAGE and 2D gel. Periodic acid-Schiffs (PAS) staining of gel confirmed the presence of carbohydrate moiety with low molecular weight peptides. The antimicrobial activity of the partially purified protein was determined against Staph. aureus 74B, H. pylori 33, H. pylori 17874, and C. jejuni CJE 33566. Conclusion: Human Lact. rhamnosus 231 exhibits in vitro properties of potential probiotic. CFC filtrate and EPC of Lact. rhamnosus 231 exhibit antimicrobial activity against potential human pathogens and food spoilage organisms. Antimicrobial proteins in EPC were partially purified and characterized. In vitro properties of potential probiotic and antimicrobial properties of Lact. rhamnosus 231 could be useful as food additive against human pathogens and removal of food contaminants in the target environment.

Insight into the Draft Genome Sequence of Human Isolate Lactobacillus rhamnosus LR231, a Bacterium with Probiotic Potential

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain LR231 was isolated from the feces of healthy human subjects. It is observed to be a potential probiotic strain, having a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against a wide range of human pathogens and food pathogens. Here, we provide the 2.59-Mb draft genome sequence of L. rhamnosus LR231.