Bjørn A. Bjerke

LTE-advanced and the evolution of LTE deployments

The fourth generation (4G) wireless technology known as Long Term Evolution (LTE) allows cellular operators to use new and wider spectrum and complements third generation (3G) networks with higher user data rates, lower latency, and a flat Internet Protocol (IP)-based network architecture. The LTE standard was first published in March 2009 as part of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 8 specifications. The specifications have been in development since 2005 when 3GPP defined LTE requirements and performance goals to significantly improve on the 3GPP Release 6 standard, which was at that point the state of the art. Achieving those goals required an evolution of both the air interface and the network architecture, now known as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) and Evolved Packet Core (EPC), respectively. The very first commercial LTE networks were deployed on a limited scale in Scandinavia at the end of 2009, and currently, large-scale deployments are taking place in several regions, including North America, Europe, and Asia.

Antenna diversity combining schemes for WCDMA systems in fading multipath channels

In this paper, we analyze the performance of various receive antenna diversity schemes for use in combination with transmit diversity on the downlink of wideband code-division multiple-access third-generation systems. We consider open loop and closed loop versions of both maximal ratio combining and selection diversity, and study the impact of channel correlation on the performance of these schemes. We also present an analysis of the asymptotic performance of coded systems. The analytical results are compared with simulation results obtained in typical channels.

Packet error probability prediction for system level simulations MIMO-OFDM based 802.11n WLANs

A method for predicting packet error rates in MIMO-OFDM WLAN systems is presented. The method is based on using post-detection SNRs as an abstraction of the physical layer, and is motivated by the need for a simple and efficient way of modelling the physical layer in system level simulation scenarios involving multiple stations. The physical layer abstraction is sufficient for generating error processes in the system simulations that accurately reflect the interaction between the MIMO-OFDM physical layer and the underlying wireless channel. We validate the abstract model by comparing packet error rates predicted by the model with packet error rates obtained through full link simulations for two different approaches to MIMO processing, referred to as spatial spreading and eigenvector steering.

A Comparison of MIMO Receiver Structures for 802.11N WLAN - Performance and Complexity

This paper compares the performance and complexity of various MIMO receiver structures for 802.11n WLAN systems, including linear approaches such as MMSE and ZF, and iterative detection and decoding using list sphere decoding. Optimal beam steering with the low-complexity MMSE receiver is shown to outperform the computationally-expensive list sphere decoder receiver with an uninformed transmitter

Transmission strategies for high throughput MIMO OFDM communication

This paper presents two transmission techniques for MIMO OFDM communication, referred to as spatial spreading and eigenvector steering. Spatial spreading is used when the transmitting station is not presumed to have sufficient channel state information to compute optimum steering vectors. This situation may occur for a variety of reasons, including poor or aged channel estimates or lack of calibration between the transmit and receive antenna chains. Eigenvector steering is used in cases where the transmitting station has sufficient information about the channel to compute optimum transmit steering vectors. Simulation results showing throughput and range achieved by the two transmission strategies are provided.