Bojana Dinić

School Bullying in Adolescence and Personality Traits: A Person-Centered Approach

This study examined the differences in personality traits between the clusters reflecting the roles in violent interactions among high school students. The sample included 397 students (51.1% male) of Serbian nationality from the first to the fourth grades of different high schools. Based on scores of five dimensions related to peer violence (Physical Aggression, Psychological Aggression, Victimization, Adapted Behavior, and Risky Behavior), three clusters were extracted: Adapted Adolescents, Victims, and Bullies. These three clusters were compared with respect to lexical Big Seven personality traits, and the results indicate that the clusters differ significantly on Aggressiveness, Neuroticism, and Negative Valence. The Adapted Adolescents have the lowest scores on all three dimensions, while the Victims score highest on Neuroticism, and the Bullies on Aggressiveness. The potential importance of certain Extraversion facets for the roles in violent interaction was discussed.

The HEXACO Personality Inventory: Validation and Psychometric Properties in the Serbian Language

Abstract The aim of this research is to validate the HEXACO model of personality in the Serbian language through psychometric validation of the 100–item version of the HEXACO–PI–R. The research was conducted on 2 independent samples, the first comprising 1,217 participants from a community sample (55.5% females; average age = 31.77 years), and the second 345 undergraduate students (65% females; average age = 21 years). Besides the HEXACO–PI–R, 2 questionnaires were applied for the purposes of convergent validation: the Big Five Plus Two (BF+2), measuring 7 lexical personality dimensions (applied in Sample 1), and the Big Five Inventory (BFI; applied in Sample 2). Factor structure of the HEXACO–PI–R is in line with model assumptions. Convergent validity is good, whereby Extraversion, Openness to Experience, and Conscientiousness are highly correlated to their BFI and BF+2 counterparts. Honesty–Humility is most closely related to Negative Valence (BF+2), Emotionality to BFI Neuroticism, and Agreeableness to BF+2 Aggressiveness and BFI Agreeableness. The results point to the satisfactory validity of the HEXACO model and its measure in the Serbian language.

Empathy and peer violence among adolescents: Moderation effect of gender:

The study examined the relationships between empathy and peer violence among adolescents, along with gender as a moderator in these associations. Thereby, multidimensionality of empathy (affective and cognitive empathy) and different forms of violence (physical, verbal, and relational) were considered. The participants were 646 high school students (aged 15- to 19-years-old) from Serbia. The findings revealed that only the cognitive dimension of empathy was related to violence, namely to physical and relational violence, while relations between the empathy dimensions and verbal violence were not significant. Gender moderated only the relation between cognitive empathy and physical violence, in a way that there was significant negative relation only among boys. Cognitive empathy was negatively related to relational violence, regardless of gender. The results are discussed in the context of the characteristics of violent interactions among adolescents, and recommendations are given for violence prevention programs in high schools.

Five-Factor Model Best Describes Narcissistic Personality Inventory Across Different Item Response Formats

The objective of this research was to validate the Narcissistic Personality Inventory across different response formats, given that several factor structures were proposed, ranging from two to seven factors. The original forced-choice format of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory was given to 410 participants and a modified, i.e., Likert format was given to 423 participants from the general population, along with personality and other narcissism measures. The results showed that the five-factor model proposed by Ackerman et al. had the best model fit in both response formats and that a distinction between adaptive (Leadership, Vanity, and Superiority) and some aspects of maladaptive (Manipulativeness and Exhibitionism) narcissism factors could be established. However, the redundancy of items in certain factors could be problematic and further improvements of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory should include more indicators of some proposed factors, especially of Vanity.

Personality Traits of Students of Helping and Non-Helping Professions: Case-Based Reasoning Approach

Personalitytraitsareveryimportantinchoosingfutureprofessionbecausemostprofessionsrequire certainskillsthatarerelatedtocertainpersonalitytraits.Theaimofourresearchwastodetermine which personality traits contribute the most to the distinction between the students of different professions,e.g.helpingandnon-helpingprofessions.Onasampleof356students,ofwhich216study helpingprofessions,BigFivePlusTwo(BF+2)personalityinventorywasapplied.Forobtaineddata, theclassificationaccuraciesweretestedwithdifferentcombinationsof184itemsand18subtraitsof theBF+2usingCasebasedreasoningclassifier.Resultsshowedthatthebestaccuracyhadthesetof all18subtraitsandthissetoutperformedtheclassificationofeverycombinationofsubtraitsoritems. KEywoRdS Case-Based Reasoning, Classification, Helping and Non-Helping Professions, Personality Traits

TWO TYPES OF PERSONALITY AMONG OFFENDERS: THE DIFFERENCES IN PSYCHOPATHY, AGGRESSIVENESS AND CRIMINAL ACTS

The aim of this research was to examine classification of offenders based on personality traits. On a sample of 166 male inmates, convicted of violent offenses, several instruments were applied: a short version of the Big Five plus two (BF+2-70), the Psychopathy Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ), and the Aggressiveness questionnaire AVDH. Results of the analysis of latent profiles showed that two classes could be identified based on BF+2-70 scores – a class of aggressive and a class of emotionally stable offenders. Thereby, the main differences between the classes were primarily in a tendency toward reactive aggression and neuroticism, which were more common in the offenders from the aggressive class. When controlling for age, the classes differed in anger and dominance, in the domain of aggressiveness, and in interpersonal style in the domain of psychopathy, although differences in interpersonal style were of small effect size. The differences were in favor of the aggressive class. Furthermore, offenders in the aggressive class were more frequently convicted of violence against property, whereas both classes had the same number of offenders convicted of murder. Identification of two classes of offenders has theoretical and practical implications for subtyping of offenders and understanding the tendency towards certain violent crimes.

Validacija simulirane verzije upitnika 16PF

The paper presents three studies which are aimed at assessment of psychometric properties of the IPIP 16PF questionnaire. Study 1 was conducted on a sample of 447 participants. The results suggest acceptable reliability coefficients for most scales. Five higher-order factors were extracted, which are congruent, to a certain extent, with Cattells factors. The largest differences occur in the field of interpersonal dimensions. In Study 2 correlations between the IPIP16PF scales and school grades (average grades and grades for several particular classes) were examined. The study was conducted on a sample of 222 secondary school graduates. The correlations were modest in general. Dutifulness (G), Sensitivity (I), Intellect (B), and Complexity (Q1) emerged as the strongest correlates of grades in several subjects. The results of Study 3 (conducted on a sample of 115 secondary school graduates) show that the IPIP16PF scales are significant predictors of emotional states (moods) in neutral and preexam situations. Emotional states were assessed using the STCI-S questionnaire. Predictive power of the IPIP16PF scales was greater in neutral than in pre-exam situation. Significant predictors of mood in neutral situation were Emotional Stability (C), Anxiety (O), Emotionality (Q4), and Complexity (Q1). In the pre-exam situation, the predictive power of these scales diminished, while Intellect (B), Introversion (Q2), and Assertiveness (E) appeared as significant predictors. The results of all three studies are in favour of the IPIP16PF’s applicability in psychological research, but also point to several flaws of the questionnaire.

Vrste karijernog fidbeka i osobine ličnosti kao prediktori samoefikasnosti u karijernom odlučivanju

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between career feedback and personality traits with self-efficacy in career decisionmaking. The sample included 225 employees (120 women and 105 men), aged 22 to 53 years. The used instruments were short version of the Big Five Plus Two, short form of the Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale, adjusted for the use in the population of employees, and the Questionnaire for the assessment of career feedback. Results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that personality traits had significant effect on self-efficacy, after the inclusion of feedback predictors. Significant predictors of General self-efficacy in career decisionmaking were career feedback from superiors, in first step, and traits Neuroticism, Openness and Positive valence, in second step. Also, the significant predictors of specific domains of career self-efficacy are also and career feedback from parents and friends, as well as the trait Aggressiveness, while other personality traits had marginally significant effect in prediction. The results support the importance of integrating the personality and social-cognitive approach in explaining self-efficacy. The practical applications are in providing guidelines for improving access to career counseling in organizations.

Relationships between sexual behavior and personality in the context of sexual dimorphism

The aim of this study was to examine the structure and intensity of relation-ships between dimensions of sexual behavior and personal characteristics in the context of sexual dimorphism. The sample included 233 participants (both genders, mean age 29,34). Dimensions of sexual behavior were measured using the Sexual Behavior Questionnaire, and personal characteristics were measured using the Big Five Inventory and short form of Delta 10 questionnaire. The results suggested that the importance of personality for the understanding of sexual behavior is not far from the relevance of sexual dimorphism. It was found that personality was significant predictor of almost all dimensions of sexual behavior, independent from gender, and in case of tendency to have casual sex a strong interaction effect of gender and Conscientiousness was found. The nature of relationships between dimensions of sexual behavior and personality were very similar within the subsamples of males and females. Namely, adaptive personality functioning was related to richness of sexual experience following by low sexual fantasies and low tendency to paraphilias. Small, but important difference in the structure of canonical factors extracted in the domain of sexual behavior was the following: in male sample adaptive personality structure correlated with high tendency to casual sex, while in female sample the opposite was obtained. In female sample there was one more significant relation suggesting that psychopatic personal structure has sexual style which include richness and casual sexual experience without tendency to non-coital sexual play. The results are discussed in the context of the evolutionary theories of behavior.